History of media legislation
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The document provides a history of media legislation in Britain and the United States from the 17th century to the early 20th century. It discusses the early licensing acts in Britain that required printing presses to be licensed. The licensing act expired in 1694. The 18th century saw growth of press freedom and the emergence of influential journalists. The 19th century witnessed the development of newspaper chains and daily newspapers appearing in cities outside London. In the US, the first newspaper was established in 1704. The late 19th century saw the rise of sensational "yellow journalism" under publishers like Pulitzer, and the emergence of tabloid newspapers and magazines in the early 20th century.
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- James Augustus Hicky started India's first newspaper, the Bengal Gazette, in 1780 in Calcutta, marking the beginning of journalism in India.
- Over the next 200+ years, newspapers played a key role in India's struggle for independence, facing alternating periods of freedom and repression under British rule.
- The Indian press landscape expanded regionally in the 1800s with newspapers published in various Indian languages, though the British government imposed strict controls and censorship.
Evolution
Print media originated with the invention of paper in China in the 2nd century AD. Key developments included the first movable type system in the 11th century, Gutenberg's printing press in the 15th century, and the emergence of newspapers in the 17th century. Printing technology arrived in India in the 16th century and the first newspaper, Bengal Gazette, was established in 1780. The 19th century saw the growth of newspapers and imposition of press regulations in India. Important newspapers included Times of India and national leaders like Tilak used print media.
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