Meningitis can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi invading the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. The classic symptoms of bacterial meningitis include headache, neck stiffness, photophobia, fever, and drowsiness, though early cases and those involving neonates or the immunosuppressed elderly may present more subtly with only anorexia, apnea, or seizures. Meningitis sometimes starts with non-specific flu-like symptoms that can make early diagnosis difficult.

1. MENINGITIS
Dr. Carlos Azañero Inope

2. Causative organisms
bacterial viral occasionally fungal
- meningococci,
- pneumococci,
- Haemophilus influenzae,
- Listeria and TB
Dr. Carlos Azañero Inope

3. Clinical features of bacterial meningitis
the classic features
headache neck stiffness
Dr. Carlos Azañero Inope

4. Clinical features of bacterial meningitis
the classic features
photophobia fever and drowsiness
Dr. Carlos Azañero Inope