Medha Patkar is an Indian environmentalist and social activist who founded the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) to protest the Narmada Valley Development Project in 1979. The project proposed building thousands of dams on the Narmada River and its tributaries, which would displace tens of thousands of families. Through peaceful protests and marches, Patkar and the NBA mobilized local residents against the project due to insufficient information provided about the impact and a lack of consultation. Their efforts succeeded in 1993 when the World Bank withdrew funding from the project. Patkar continues advocating for just compensation for communities affected by dams and opposing other projects on the Narmada River through the NBA and National Alliance of People's Movements
The Narmada projects are the epitome of unsustainable development.
Two of the largest proposed dams, Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar, have been under construction since 1961.
According to Narmada Bachao Andolan, the dams force the displacement of about a million people and affect many more, largely poor peasants and tribals.
They also cause immense ecological damage through the inundation of forests, including prime habitats of rare species.
Resettlement and compensation have been totally inadequate and there is not the remotest prospect that the displaced people, the ‘oustees’, will be adequately resettled, nor that the ecological damage can be compensated for.
There are also real doubts, borne out by the experience of large dams elsewhere in India, that the dams will yield their projected benefits of hydropower, irrigation and drinking water.
The project is set fair to become another human and ecological ‘development tragedy’.
This presentation is all about Narmada Bachao Andolan (Movements) and struggle of Medha Patkar along with other supporters for the rights of villagers of Narmada Valley.
The Narmada projects are the epitome of unsustainable development.
Two of the largest proposed dams, Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar, have been under construction since 1961.
According to Narmada Bachao Andolan, the dams force the displacement of about a million people and affect many more, largely poor peasants and tribals.
They also cause immense ecological damage through the inundation of forests, including prime habitats of rare species.
Resettlement and compensation have been totally inadequate and there is not the remotest prospect that the displaced people, the ‘oustees’, will be adequately resettled, nor that the ecological damage can be compensated for.
There are also real doubts, borne out by the experience of large dams elsewhere in India, that the dams will yield their projected benefits of hydropower, irrigation and drinking water.
The project is set fair to become another human and ecological ‘development tragedy’.
This presentation is all about Narmada Bachao Andolan (Movements) and struggle of Medha Patkar along with other supporters for the rights of villagers of Narmada Valley.
Multipurpose River Valley Projects and alternate water supply methodsTannya
Role of multipurpose river valley projects (Included Map)
Evaluation of positive and negative aspects of river valley projects
Case study on one river valley and one local area conservation project(Include Map)
Narmada Bachao Andolan
Tehri Dam Andolan
The case study includes the following:-
Rehabilitation of the displaced population
Environment Impact Assessment
A civic education lesson meant to illustrate the life and the political and civil fights of the Indian activist Anna Hazare.
The presentation is addressed to middle school students.
Multipurpose River Valley Projects and alternate water supply methodsTannya
Role of multipurpose river valley projects (Included Map)
Evaluation of positive and negative aspects of river valley projects
Case study on one river valley and one local area conservation project(Include Map)
Narmada Bachao Andolan
Tehri Dam Andolan
The case study includes the following:-
Rehabilitation of the displaced population
Environment Impact Assessment
A civic education lesson meant to illustrate the life and the political and civil fights of the Indian activist Anna Hazare.
The presentation is addressed to middle school students.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
2. A
B
O
U
T
H
E
R Born to socially active parents on 1 December 1954
Indian social activist and social reformer turned
politician
Founder member of Narmada Bachao Andolan
National Convener of National alliance of people’s
Movement
Representative to the World Commission on Dams
3. NarmadaValley Development Project was proposed in 1979
In 1979 the NVDP—which proposed the construction of thousands of dams
on the Narmada and its tributaries—was granted approval.
In 1985 Patkar visited villages that were supposed to be affected
in the Narmada valley that were to be submerged after the completion of
the Sardar Sarovar Dam in southeastern Gujarat, one of the largest of the
planned projects.
There she became aware of insufficient knowledge given to the
villagers by the local government officials.
N
a
r
m
a
d
a
V
a
l
l
e
y
Development
Project
(NVDP)
4. Her struggle began
with the demand of
information about the
development plans of
the Narmada Valley.
5. The question became the movement !!
”Howcanthe government
makeplanstobulldozea
culture,awayof life
steepedinhistory without
consultingthe peoplewho
wouldbeaffected??”
sheasked
6. “I am not anti-technology, I am all for it: beautiful,
harmonious, equitable, sustainable, egalitarian, non-
destructive technology, not this gigantic technology which
is destroying thousands of homes, hearts, habitats,
ecology, geography, history, and finally, benefiting so few,
and at such great cost.”
7. In 1985 she and her supporters organized marches and protests
against the local government entity that was seeking financial grants from the
World Bank for the Sardar Sarovar project.
Patkar established the Narmada Bachao Andolan
NBA’s major aim was to provide project information to the concerned
residents.
Help for those people who became homeless and without livelihoods
Through the NBA, Patkar sought help for those who were affected because of
the construction of the Sardar Sarovar and other large dams along the
Narmada.
S
T
R
U
G
G
L
E
8. Since 1985,
She mobilized massive
peaceful marches and
rallies against the project
though repeatedly beaten
and arrested by the police.
Joined the tribals in
resisting evacuation and
resigning themselves to
drown in the rising waters.
Worked to obtain just
compensation for
people affected by
dams which have
already been built on
the Narmada as well
as opposing other
dams in the Narmada
Valley.
9. In 1990 Patkar led a
march with NBA
members and some
3,000 people
displaced by dam
projects from
northern Madhya
Pradesh toward the
Sardar Sarovar dam
site, but they were
stopped at the
Gujarat border by
police and pro-dam
activists.
10. However, after further protest and opposition,
including hunger strikes, Patkar and the NBA
achieved a breakthrough in 1993 when theWorld
Bank withdrew from the project.
F
I
N
A
L
LY
14. Received numerous awards:
Deena Nath Mangeshkar Award
Mahatma Phule Award
Goldman Environment Prize
Green Ribbon Award for Best International PoliticalCampaigner
by BBC
Human Rights Defender’s Award from Amnesty International
