This document provides information about the cranial and spinal nerves in the human body. It lists the 12 cranial nerves and their functions. It states there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves that are divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves. The document also discusses the central and peripheral nervous systems and how neurons transmit signals via electrical and chemical processes. It provides multiple choice questions related to the cranial and spinal nerves.

1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESIONS (MCQ)
FOR
GOVT./RAILWAY/PRIVATE/ESI/OTHERS
EXAM QUESIONS
DR.ANJALATCHI
M.SC(N)MD(AM)MBA(HA)

2. CRANIAL NERVES WITH PRESENT AREA
The 12 Cranial Nerves
I. Olfactory nerve
II. Optic nerve
III. Oculomotor nerve
IV. Trochlear nerve
V. Trigeminal nerve
VI. Abducens nerve
VII. Facial nerve
VIII. Vestibulo cochlear nerve
IX. Glosso pharyngeal nerve
X. Vagus nerve
XI. Accessory nerve
XII. Hypoglossal nerve

4. FUNCTION WITH OPENING AREA

6. Spinal nerves
In humans there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves:
1. Cervical-08
2. thoracic-12
3. Lumbar- 05
4. Sacral-05
5. coccygeal-01
Each pair of spinal nerves connect the spinal cord
with a specific region of the body. Near the spinal
cord each spinal nerve branches into two roots.

9. How many cranial nerves present in human body?
a) 31
b) 12
c) 33
d) 24
Answer- B.
How many spinal nerves present in human body?
a) 31
b) 12
c) 33
d) 24
Answer : A

10. What are the MAJOR types of spinal nerves?
a) cervical,
b) thoracic,
c) lumbar,
d) sacral and
e) coccygeal
f) All the above
How many pairs of cervical nerves are present—
a . 12
b.01
c.08
d.05
Answer: c

11. How many pairs of lumbar nerves are present—
a . 12
b.01
c.08
d.05
Answer: d
How many pairs of thoracic nerves are present—
a . 12
b.01
c.08
d.05
Answer: a

12. From where are the cranial nerves originated?
a. From nuclei in the superior surface of the brain
b. From nuclei in the posterior surface of the brain
c. From nuclei in the inferior surface of the brain
d. From nuclei in the anterior surface of the brain
How many pairs of sacral nerves are present—
a . 12
b.01
c.08
d.05
Answer: d
How many pairs of coccygeal nerves nerves are present—
a . 12
b.01
c.08
d.05
Answer: b

13. Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles involved in shoulder
shrugging and in turning the head?
a) Accessory
b) CN IV
c) CN X
d) CN XII
e) Abducens
Explanation:
• The accessory nerve (CN XI) innervates the sterno cleidomastoid
and the trapezius muscles.

14. where is the peripheral connection of optic
nerve?
a. Ciliary muscle of eye b. retina of eye
c. lateral rectus muscle of eye
d. Superior oblique muscle of eye
Answer:b
which of the following nerves are responsible for
the movement of eye?
a. abducent nerve b. trochlear nerve
c. occulomotor nerve d. all of the above
Answer:d

15. A 23 year old female presents complaining of hearing
changes and balance issues. Which cranial nerve is
most likely involved with her problems?
a) CN XI
b) CN VIII
c) CN IX
d) CN V
Question 2 Explanation:
CN VIII is the vestibulocochlear nerve which is involved in
balance and hearing.

16. A middle aged man expresses to you that he is concerned that he
cannot taste anything on the anterior portion of his tongue. What
nerve innervates this portion of the tongue?
a) Glossopharyngeal nerve
b) Facial nerve
c) Hypoglossal nerve
d) Trigeminal nerve
Explanation:
• The facial nerve (CN VII) senses taste from the anterior 2/3 of the
tongue. The Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) does the posterior 1/3,
and the Vagus (CN X) nerve senses taste from the extreme
posterior.

17. Which cranial nerve is responsible for smell?
a) Olfactory
b) Trochlear
c) Accessory
d) Trigeminal maxillary division
Explanation:
The Olfactory nerve is responsible for smell.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for sight?
a) Oculomotor nerve
b) CN II
c) Trochlear
d) Cranial nerve four
Explanation:
• CN II is the optic nerve. The optic nerve is responsible for eye sight.

18. which of the following statement is NOT true?
a. the nerves are numbered according to
their connection with brain posteriorly
b. accessory nerve is a motor nerve
c. facial nerve functions for facial expressions
d. the central connection of abducent nerve is
from floor of fourth ventricle
where is the central connection of facial nerve?
a. medulla oblongata b. pons virolii
c. cerebrum d. cerebellum

19. What function is associated with the oculomotor nerve?
a) Eye movement via the lateral rectus
b) Eye movement and pupil constriction
c) Eye movement via the superior oblique
d) Eyesight
Explanation:
• The oculomotor nerve (CN III) is responsible for
controlling the superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial
rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye. It is
also involved in controlling the levator palpebrae
muscle for opening the eyelid. CN III is also used to
control pupil constriction and accommodation.

20. A patient presents with concerns about his vision. He
states that he is experiencing double vision. Upon
evaluation you conclude that he has lateral rectus
palsy. Which cranial nerve is most likely lesioned in this
young man?
a) Trochlear
b) Abducens
c) Trigeminal
d) Occulomotor
Explanation:
• The lateral rectus muscle is innervated by CN VI
(abducens nerve). Remember "LR6 SO4 the rest 3".
(Lateral rectus innervated by CN VI, Superior oblique
innervated by CN IV, the rest of the eye muscles are
controlled by CN III)

21. What is the responsibility of the hypoglossal
nerve?
a) Taste of the extreme posterior portion of the
tongue
b) Taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
c) Taste of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
d) Controls tongue movement
Explanation:
• The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is not involved
in taste, but is involved in tongue movement.

22. which of the following nerve is a mixed nerve?
a. optic nerve b. hypoglossal nerve
c. Trochlear nerve d. none of the above
which of the following nerve is responsible for
sense of taste?
a. abducents nerve b. facial nerve
c. hypoglossal nerve d. none of the above

23. Match the following-
A. abducent nerve 1. Vagus nerve
B. hypoglossal nerve 2. Lateral rectus muscle
of eye
c. medulla oblongata 3. tongue
d. aqueduct of midbrain 4. Occulomotor
nerve
What is the function of olfactory nerve?
a. sense of smell b. sense of hearing
c. sense of taste d. maintaining balance

24. SPINAL NERVES
Central nervous system (CNS): The CNS is the
body’s command center and is made up of
your brain and spinal cord.
• The brain is protected within skull
• The vertebrae protect the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system (PNS): The PNS is
made up of nerves that branch off from your
CNS. Nerves are bundles of axons that work
together to transmit signals.

25. The PNS can be further broken up into
sensory and motor divisions:
• The sensory division transmits information from
both inside and outside of your body to your CNS.
This can include things like feelings of pain,
smells, and sights.
• The motor division receives signals from the CNS
that cause an action to occur. These actions can
be voluntary, such as moving your arm, or
involuntary like the muscle contractions that help
move food through your digestive tract.

26. Neurons work to conduct nerve
impulses. They have three parts:
• Cell body: Similar to the other cells in your body, this area
contains various cellular components like the nucleus.
• Dendrites: Dendrites are extensions from the cell body.
They receive signals from other neurons. The number of
dendrites on a neuron can vary.
• Axon: The axon also projects from the cell body. It’s
typically longer than the dendrites and carries signals away
from the cell body where they can be received by other
nerve cells. Axons are often covered by a substance called
myelin, which helps to protect and insulate the axon.
• The brain alone contains a neurotransmitter more than 40
are present

27. How to neurons work:
Let’s explore one type of neuron signaling below:
• When neurons signal another neuron, an electrical impulse
is sent down the length of the axon.
• At the end of the axon, the electrical signal is converted
into a chemical signal. This leads to the release of
molecules called neurotransmitters.
• The neurotransmitters bridge the gap, called a synapse,
between the axon and the dendrites of the next neuron.
• When the neurotransmitters bind to the dendrites of the
next neuron, the chemical signal is again converted into an
electrical signal and travels the length of the neuron.

28. The CNS means---------
a) Central nerves system
b) Peripheral nerves system
c) Central neuron system
d) Cardio nerves system
The PNS means---------------
a) Central nerves system
b) Peripheral nerves system
c) Central neuron system
d) Cardio nerves system

29. The CNS consist of-------
a) Brain
b) Spinal cord
c) Both
d) None
The PNS made up of -------
a) Tissue
b) Bone
c) Blood
d) Nerves
The functional unit of brain is -------------
a) Nephron
b) Neuron
c) Axon
d) dendrites

30. The ------ transmits information from both inside and
outside of body to CNS is-
a) Sensory function
b) Motor function
c) Excretory function
d) Protective function
The --------- receives signals from the CNS that cause an
action to occur. These actions can be voluntary, such
as moving your arm…..
a) Sensory function
b) Motor function
c) Excretory function
d) Protective function

31. The brain is protected by -------
a) Rib cage
b) vertebrae
c) Ligament
d) Skull
The spinal cord and nerves protected by --------
a) Rib cage
b) Skull
c) Vertebrae
d) skin

32. Picture illustration

33. List out the neurotransmitter in human
body-
1. Acetylcholine. Acetylcholine (Ach) was the
first neurotransmitter discovered. ...
2. Dopamine. ...
3. Glutamate. ...
4. Serotonin. ...
5. Nor-epinephrine. ...
6. Gamma-Amino butyric acid (GABA) ...
7. Other Neurotransmitters like vasopression

34. The -------- is the largest nerve in human body?
a) sciatic nerve
b) Axon
c) Neuron
d) Dendrites
The -------system is able to collect information on applied
pressure and convert it into electric impulses that can be
integrated on a transistor.
a) GIS
b) CVS
c) CNS
d) EXOCRINE

35. The first neurotransmitter was discovered in
a) 1926
b) 1934
c) 1986
d) 2000
They(nerves ) can travel at a speed of
a) up to 100 meter per second
b) Upto 200 meter per second
c) Upto 400 meter per second
d) Upto 50 meter per second

36. In which painful sensations radiate from your lower back and
down your leg is called……
a) sciatica
b) Palsy
c) Paresis
d) Plegia
A ---------- is a specific area of skin that’s served by a single
spinal nerve.
a) dermatomes
b) Sciatica
c) Nerves
d) neuron

37. The -------- has sensory function. It transmits information on
smell to the brain.
a) olfactory nerve
b) Ocular nerve
c) Spinal nerves
d) Vagus nerve
The ----- has motor function. It controls the movements of
your eyes.
a) Olfactor nerve
b) Hypoglossal nerve
c) oculomotor nerve
d) abducents

38. • The ------ has both sensory and motor
function. It transmits taste sensations from
tongue and also controls movement of some
of the muscles in face.
a) facial nerve
b) Spinal nerve
c) Trocholear nerve
d) Optic nerve

39. The ---originate in the brain and travel outward
to head, face, and neck. The exception to this
is the vagus nerve---
a) cranial nerves
b) facial nerve
c) Spinal nerve
d) Trocholear nerve

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