The document provides information about the MBT bracket system. Some key points:
- MBT was developed by Dr. Richard McLaughlin, Dr. John Bennett, and Dr. Hugo Trevisi to address limitations of previous pre-adjusted edgewise appliances.
- MBT utilizes light, continuous forces with sliding mechanics principles. Torque is incorporated fully into the bracket bases.
- Bracket tip and torque specifications are designed to achieve ideal tooth positions and occlusion. Canine torque values were modified from original straight wire appliance prescriptions.
- MBT treatment philosophy emphasizes accuracy of bracket placement, group tooth movement, anchorage control, and awareness of tooth size discrepancies.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses utility arches, which are orthodontic appliances used to apply light forces in the dental arch. It provides details on:
- The historical background and development of utility arches based on biomechanical principles.
- Common wire dimensions and materials used, including stainless steel, nickel titanium, and beta titanium alloys.
- The standard design components of utility arches, including molar, vertical, and incisal segments.
- Different types of utility arches like passive arches, intrusion arches, and retraction/protrusion arches and how they are activated to apply specific orthodontic forces.
This document provides an overview of pitchfork analysis for evaluating changes in cephalometric radiographs over time. It discusses landmarks used for superimposing tracings of the cranial base, maxilla, and mandible. For the cranial base, sella and nasion are commonly used. The maxilla can be superimposed along the palatal plane or contours of the zygomatic arches. For the mandible, the lower border, symphysis, or gonion-gnathion and gonion-menton planes are used. Pitchfork analysis expresses changes in molar and incisor relationships algebraically to quantify treatment effects.
This document provides information on various non-patient compliant fixed functional appliances used to treat Class II malocclusions, including the Herbst appliance, MARA, Advansync, and fixed twin block. It discusses the history, design, advantages, disadvantages, and effects of each appliance. In general, these fixed functional appliances can eliminate patient compliance issues compared to removable appliances, have continuous effects, and shorter treatment times, but may have higher breakage and mechanical dislodgement risks.
This document provides an overview of frictionless mechanics in orthodontics. It discusses various loop and spring configurations that can be used for space closure without tooth movement along the archwire. Advantages include control of tooth movement and known force levels. Disadvantages include more complex mechanics and potential patient discomfort. Factors like loop height and geometry determine the moment-to-force ratio and type of tooth movement achieved. The document defines key terms and principles of biomechanics relevant to frictionless orthodontic tooth movement.
Friction less mechanics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The document discusses the evolution of orthodontic brackets from early appliances like Angle's E-arch and pin and tube appliance to modern brackets. Key developments include Begg's modified ribbon arch bracket in the 1930s, Angle's original edgewise bracket in 1925, and twin wire appliances. Modified edgewise brackets were introduced, including Alexander Sved's twin brackets in 1937. Ceramic and plastic brackets were later created for aesthetics. Self-ligating brackets were introduced more recently to reduce friction. Overall the document provides a comprehensive overview of the history and developments in orthodontic bracket design.
The document outlines a 16-part series on "Common Sense Mechanics" in orthodontics. It discusses various orthodontic mechanics principles like forces, moments, torque, and their clinical applications. Key topics include the diving board concept to control forces, differential torque mechanics, archwire-bracket relationships, extraction mechanics, and various malocclusion treatments. The goal is to help orthodontists understand and apply basic mechanics principles in a common sense manner.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses utility arches, which are orthodontic appliances used to apply light forces in the dental arch. It provides details on:
- The historical background and development of utility arches based on biomechanical principles.
- Common wire dimensions and materials used, including stainless steel, nickel titanium, and beta titanium alloys.
- The standard design components of utility arches, including molar, vertical, and incisal segments.
- Different types of utility arches like passive arches, intrusion arches, and retraction/protrusion arches and how they are activated to apply specific orthodontic forces.
This document provides an overview of pitchfork analysis for evaluating changes in cephalometric radiographs over time. It discusses landmarks used for superimposing tracings of the cranial base, maxilla, and mandible. For the cranial base, sella and nasion are commonly used. The maxilla can be superimposed along the palatal plane or contours of the zygomatic arches. For the mandible, the lower border, symphysis, or gonion-gnathion and gonion-menton planes are used. Pitchfork analysis expresses changes in molar and incisor relationships algebraically to quantify treatment effects.
This document provides information on various non-patient compliant fixed functional appliances used to treat Class II malocclusions, including the Herbst appliance, MARA, Advansync, and fixed twin block. It discusses the history, design, advantages, disadvantages, and effects of each appliance. In general, these fixed functional appliances can eliminate patient compliance issues compared to removable appliances, have continuous effects, and shorter treatment times, but may have higher breakage and mechanical dislodgement risks.
This document provides an overview of frictionless mechanics in orthodontics. It discusses various loop and spring configurations that can be used for space closure without tooth movement along the archwire. Advantages include control of tooth movement and known force levels. Disadvantages include more complex mechanics and potential patient discomfort. Factors like loop height and geometry determine the moment-to-force ratio and type of tooth movement achieved. The document defines key terms and principles of biomechanics relevant to frictionless orthodontic tooth movement.
Friction less mechanics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The document discusses the evolution of orthodontic brackets from early appliances like Angle's E-arch and pin and tube appliance to modern brackets. Key developments include Begg's modified ribbon arch bracket in the 1930s, Angle's original edgewise bracket in 1925, and twin wire appliances. Modified edgewise brackets were introduced, including Alexander Sved's twin brackets in 1937. Ceramic and plastic brackets were later created for aesthetics. Self-ligating brackets were introduced more recently to reduce friction. Overall the document provides a comprehensive overview of the history and developments in orthodontic bracket design.
The document outlines a 16-part series on "Common Sense Mechanics" in orthodontics. It discusses various orthodontic mechanics principles like forces, moments, torque, and their clinical applications. Key topics include the diving board concept to control forces, differential torque mechanics, archwire-bracket relationships, extraction mechanics, and various malocclusion treatments. The goal is to help orthodontists understand and apply basic mechanics principles in a common sense manner.
This document discusses various types of intrusion arches used in orthodontics to correct deep overbites. It begins by defining intrusion and describing the biomechanics and principles involved. It then covers 9 specific intrusion arch designs: 1) Rickett's Utility Arch 2) Tipback Springs 3) Burstone's Continuous Intrusion Arch 4) Burstone's Three Piece Intrusion Arch 5) K-SIR 6) Connecticut Intrusion Arch 7) PG Retraction Spring 8) Translation Arch 9) Lingual Arch for intruding lower incisors. For each type, it provides details on materials, design, and mechanics of intrusion.
The document summarizes the first stage of Begg's appliance in orthodontic treatment. Stage I objectives include closing spaces, correcting crowding, overcorrecting rotations, overjet, and overbite. Anterior teeth undergo labial/lingual, intrusive, and retractive movements. Posterior teeth are maintained upright or overcorrected distally. Characteristic archwires include plain or looped 0.016" wires. Class II or III elastics are used. Bracket placement and archwire details such as offsets are described.
Comparison of The Roth prescription,Alexander prescription & MBT prescription...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS CRITERIA FOR FUNCTIONAL JAW O...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Roth philosophy /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document provides an overview of orthodontic treatment mechanics using the McLaughlin, Bennett and Trevisi (MBT) bracket system. It discusses the history and development of the MBT system, variations in appliance specifications including bracket selection and torque specifications. It also covers important aspects of treatment including bracket positioning, arch forms, anchorage control, archwire sequences and finishing the case.
The document provides an overview of the Tip-edge bracket system created by Dr. Peter Kesling in 1986. It was designed to allow for differential tooth movement by removing corners from conventional edgewise brackets. This allows the crown to tip into place before final torque and positioning. The system uses light forces and a sequence of 3 stages to align, level and torque teeth into the desired positions. A variety of auxiliaries like sidewinders and power pins are used throughout treatment to control individual tooth movements. The Tip-edge bracket is intended to provide controlled three dimensional tooth positioning with light continuous forces.
Loops in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the history and evolution of fixed orthodontic appliances, leading to the development of the pre-adjusted edgewise appliance. It describes Lawrence Andrews' research which identified six keys to optimal occlusion based on measurements of untreated dental casts. His studies found that traditional edgewise appliances did not achieve optimal occlusion in most treated cases. This led to the concept of a fully programmed pre-adjusted edgewise appliance that would incorporate his findings on natural tooth morphology and positioning.
This document provides biographies of several orthodontists and an outline of topics to be covered in the MBT technique presentation. It introduces Drs. Richard McLaughlin, John Bennett, and Hugo Trevisi, who have contributed to the development of the MBT technique. The presentation contents include the work of Andrews and Roth in developing straight wire appliances, and the subsequent work of McLaughlin, Bennett, and Trevisi from 1975 to 2001 in refining the technique through modifications to brackets and emphasis on light continuous forces and sliding mechanics.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Torque in pre adjusted e.w.a /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document summarizes Bjork's analysis, a method developed by orthodontist Arne Bjork to analyze craniofacial growth and development using lateral cephalograms. It describes Bjork's landmarks, angular and linear measurements used to construct a facial diagram. Bjork conducted studies on Scandinavian children to establish norms for comparison. His analysis helps determine the amount and distribution of facial prognathism based on configurations in the facial diagram.
The document discusses factors that should be considered in the finishing and detailing stage of orthodontic treatment. It covers 17 factors identified by Dougherty, including correcting overjet/overbite, establishing correct tip and torque of anterior teeth, coordinating arch widths, establishing marginal ridge relationships and contact points. It also discusses esthetic procedures like gingival zenith and missing laterals, as well as periodontal procedures like supracrestal fibrotomy. The document provides guidelines for finishing based on ABO requirements, including overjet of 1-3mm and buccolingual tooth inclinations within 1mm of a straight edge. Positioners are also discussed for settling the occlusion at the finishing stage.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Lingual orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Rakosi's analysis is an important diagnostic tool for planning functional appliance therapy. It involves analyzing three divisions: 1) the facial skeleton, 2) the jaw bones, and 3) the dentoalveolar relationship. Key measurements of the facial skeleton include saddle, articular, and gonial angles which provide information about cranial base orientation and mandibular positioning. Measurements of the jaw bones like SNA, SNB, and inclination angle describe the maxillary and mandibular skeletal bases. Dentoalveolar measurements such as upper and lower incisor angles indicate incisor inclinations. Rakosi's analysis provides a comprehensive evaluation of skeletal, dental, and soft tissue structures for orthodontic
MBT Technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
MBT system in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
This document discusses various types of intrusion arches used in orthodontics to correct deep overbites. It begins by defining intrusion and describing the biomechanics and principles involved. It then covers 9 specific intrusion arch designs: 1) Rickett's Utility Arch 2) Tipback Springs 3) Burstone's Continuous Intrusion Arch 4) Burstone's Three Piece Intrusion Arch 5) K-SIR 6) Connecticut Intrusion Arch 7) PG Retraction Spring 8) Translation Arch 9) Lingual Arch for intruding lower incisors. For each type, it provides details on materials, design, and mechanics of intrusion.
The document summarizes the first stage of Begg's appliance in orthodontic treatment. Stage I objectives include closing spaces, correcting crowding, overcorrecting rotations, overjet, and overbite. Anterior teeth undergo labial/lingual, intrusive, and retractive movements. Posterior teeth are maintained upright or overcorrected distally. Characteristic archwires include plain or looped 0.016" wires. Class II or III elastics are used. Bracket placement and archwire details such as offsets are described.
Comparison of The Roth prescription,Alexander prescription & MBT prescription...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS CRITERIA FOR FUNCTIONAL JAW O...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Roth philosophy /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document provides an overview of orthodontic treatment mechanics using the McLaughlin, Bennett and Trevisi (MBT) bracket system. It discusses the history and development of the MBT system, variations in appliance specifications including bracket selection and torque specifications. It also covers important aspects of treatment including bracket positioning, arch forms, anchorage control, archwire sequences and finishing the case.
The document provides an overview of the Tip-edge bracket system created by Dr. Peter Kesling in 1986. It was designed to allow for differential tooth movement by removing corners from conventional edgewise brackets. This allows the crown to tip into place before final torque and positioning. The system uses light forces and a sequence of 3 stages to align, level and torque teeth into the desired positions. A variety of auxiliaries like sidewinders and power pins are used throughout treatment to control individual tooth movements. The Tip-edge bracket is intended to provide controlled three dimensional tooth positioning with light continuous forces.
Loops in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the history and evolution of fixed orthodontic appliances, leading to the development of the pre-adjusted edgewise appliance. It describes Lawrence Andrews' research which identified six keys to optimal occlusion based on measurements of untreated dental casts. His studies found that traditional edgewise appliances did not achieve optimal occlusion in most treated cases. This led to the concept of a fully programmed pre-adjusted edgewise appliance that would incorporate his findings on natural tooth morphology and positioning.
This document provides biographies of several orthodontists and an outline of topics to be covered in the MBT technique presentation. It introduces Drs. Richard McLaughlin, John Bennett, and Hugo Trevisi, who have contributed to the development of the MBT technique. The presentation contents include the work of Andrews and Roth in developing straight wire appliances, and the subsequent work of McLaughlin, Bennett, and Trevisi from 1975 to 2001 in refining the technique through modifications to brackets and emphasis on light continuous forces and sliding mechanics.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Torque in pre adjusted e.w.a /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document summarizes Bjork's analysis, a method developed by orthodontist Arne Bjork to analyze craniofacial growth and development using lateral cephalograms. It describes Bjork's landmarks, angular and linear measurements used to construct a facial diagram. Bjork conducted studies on Scandinavian children to establish norms for comparison. His analysis helps determine the amount and distribution of facial prognathism based on configurations in the facial diagram.
The document discusses factors that should be considered in the finishing and detailing stage of orthodontic treatment. It covers 17 factors identified by Dougherty, including correcting overjet/overbite, establishing correct tip and torque of anterior teeth, coordinating arch widths, establishing marginal ridge relationships and contact points. It also discusses esthetic procedures like gingival zenith and missing laterals, as well as periodontal procedures like supracrestal fibrotomy. The document provides guidelines for finishing based on ABO requirements, including overjet of 1-3mm and buccolingual tooth inclinations within 1mm of a straight edge. Positioners are also discussed for settling the occlusion at the finishing stage.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Lingual orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Rakosi's analysis is an important diagnostic tool for planning functional appliance therapy. It involves analyzing three divisions: 1) the facial skeleton, 2) the jaw bones, and 3) the dentoalveolar relationship. Key measurements of the facial skeleton include saddle, articular, and gonial angles which provide information about cranial base orientation and mandibular positioning. Measurements of the jaw bones like SNA, SNB, and inclination angle describe the maxillary and mandibular skeletal bases. Dentoalveolar measurements such as upper and lower incisor angles indicate incisor inclinations. Rakosi's analysis provides a comprehensive evaluation of skeletal, dental, and soft tissue structures for orthodontic
MBT Technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
MBT system in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Orthodontic brackets/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Orthodontic brackets are components bonded to teeth that transfer force from archwires to move teeth into proper alignment and function. There are various bracket designs that differ in material, size, shape, and prescription. The development of pre-adjusted edgewise brackets aimed to directly guide teeth into normal occlusion with fewer bends in the archwire. However, individual variations still require some adjustments to achieve ideal positioning. Modern bracket types include self-ligating, ceramic, and lingual systems that offer enhanced aesthetics, mechanics, or patient comfort.
Mybodyistemple.com is a website dedicated to promoting health and wellness. It provides tips and advice on nutrition, exercise, stress management, and living a balanced lifestyle. The site encourages visitors to treat their body as a temple by making small positive changes to diet and daily routine.
Brackets are an important part of orthodontic appliances. They have evolved over time from early metal bands to today's variety of materials like ceramics and plastics. Edward Angle is considered the father of modern orthodontics for developing the edgewise appliance in the early 1900s, which used identical brackets on all teeth. Over subsequent decades, orthodontists like Tweed and Andrews further refined the bracket and wire systems to allow for more precise tooth movement. Modern brackets continue to be improved through new materials and surface treatments to reduce friction and bacterial adhesion.
Roth philosophy /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Orthodontic brackets are components bonded to teeth to apply corrective forces from archwires. There are various bracket types including those made of metal, plastic, and ceramics. Metal brackets are commonly made from stainless steel and have demonstrated clinical success but can stain teeth. Plastic and ceramic brackets are esthetic alternatives but plastic brackets can distort and ceramics are brittle. Proper material selection considers strength, esthetics, and clinical performance.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which elevate mood and reduce stress levels.
Brackets in orthodontics / /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Materials used in Orthodontics _ Dr. Nabil Al-ZubairNabil Al-Zubair
This document discusses materials used in orthodontics. It begins by outlining the early history of orthodontics from ancient times through the 1800s, noting some of the first documented orthodontic materials like gold ligature wires. It then classifies orthodontic materials into two categories: by structure (such as wire alloys, brackets, cements) and by usage (such as wires, brackets, cements). Several specific orthodontic materials are described in more detail, including ceramic and self-ligating brackets, clear aligners, and different types of orthodontic wires. The document also covers topics like the properties and classifications of orthodontic forces, stresses, strains, and the stiffness of orthodontic
This document provides a classification and overview of various orthodontic instruments. It discusses 11 categories of instruments including those used for separating teeth, band preparation, bracket positioning, bracket and band removal, wire cutting, forming clasps and loops, and various utility pliers. The key materials used are stainless steel and tungsten carbide, and the instruments are designed for precision, durability and patient comfort during orthodontic procedures.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
bracket positioning in orthodontics / dental crown & bridge coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
A brief presentation of how to band, when to band, why to band, where to band, its disdvantages and advantages along with technique. also describing briefly bonding, its mechanism how it is being done, advantages, disadvantages and techniques
Assessment of clinical outcomes of roth and mbt bracket prescription using th...Selvaraj Arunachalam
The document assessed clinical outcomes of orthodontic cases treated with Roth and MBT bracket prescriptions using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (ABO-OGS). Forty patients treated with either Roth or MBT brackets were evaluated based on post-treatment dental casts and panoramic radiographs using the ABO-OGS scoring criteria. The MBT bracket group had significantly lower scores for buccolingual inclination and occlusal contact. The total ABO-OGS score was also lower for MBT by 2.65 points, though the clinical significance was small. Both bracket prescriptions produced similar clinical outcomes with quality depending more on clinician skill than prescription.
Tip edge technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The document discusses methods for closing spaces during orthodontic treatment. It describes two main methods: sliding mechanics and loop mechanics. Sliding mechanics involve sliding brackets along the archwire using elastics or coils, while loop mechanics use loops of wire between brackets to close spaces without bracket movement. The document outlines considerations for each method and discusses techniques for closing extraction spaces and retracting canines specifically. It also notes potential problems and solutions during space closure.
Efficiency of newer generation edge wise applience /certified fixed orthodont...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses various space closure mechanics in orthodontic treatment. It describes sliding mechanics using elastic ties or nickel titanium springs to close extraction spaces, as well as loop mechanics using loops fabricated in archwires. The ideal force delivery system is economical, provides optimal controlled tooth movement with minimal operator manipulation or patient discomfort. Nickel titanium springs provide faster space closure than elastic ties and maintain force more consistently over time. Both continuous sliding mechanics and two-step retraction can effectively retract anterior teeth with similar levels of anchorage loss and root resorption.
Alignment and Leveling of teeth is usually the fundamental and the most important objective of orthodontics during initial phase of fixed orthodontic treatment.
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This document discusses the first stage of comprehensive orthodontic treatment. The goals of the first stage are to align the teeth and correct vertical discrepancies by leveling the dental arches. Various techniques for archwire selection and tooth alignment are discussed, including for situations involving symmetric and asymmetric crowding, crossbites, impacted or unerupted teeth, diastema closure, and premolar extractions. Factors such as archwire material, size, and distance between attachments that influence tooth movement are also covered.
This document provides an overview of leveling and alignment techniques in preadjusted edgewise appliances (PEA). It defines leveling and alignment as achieving passive engagement of a 0.019x0.025 rectangular wire into correctly placed preadjusted brackets. The goals are to bring teeth into alignment, control anteroposterior tooth positions, correct vertical discrepancies, and modify dental arches as needed. Various archwire and auxiliary techniques are described to achieve alignment and leveling for different malocclusion types and scenarios.
Brackets _versatility _ final (new).pptxmobinali19901
This document discusses various aspects of bracket prescriptions and their manipulation in orthodontic treatment. It begins by defining terms like angulation, tipping, torque, and inclination. It then compares different bracket systems like Edgewise, pre-adjusted Edgewise, and Roth and how they have evolved over time. The document specifically compares the Roth and MBT prescriptions, noting differences in tip and torque values. It discusses how bracket prescriptions can be altered through inverting, switching, swapping, or blending brackets. The concept of hybrid positioning and hybrid bracket systems is introduced. The document concludes with an overview of customized CAD/CAM brackets fabricated based on a patient's specific dental morphology and treatment plan.
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This document discusses maxillary major connectors for removable partial dentures. It defines a major connector as the unit that connects parts of the prosthesis on both sides of the arch. The chief functions are unification, force distribution, and minimizing torque to teeth. Common materials used are gold alloys, nickel-chromium, cobalt-chromium, and titanium alloys. Types of maxillary major connectors include palatal strap, palatal bar, U-shaped, anterior/posterior bars or straps, and palatal plate. Design considerations aim to avoid impingement of tissues and provide adequate support and rigidity. Non-rigid connectors allow independent movement but can increase ridge resorption. Studies have examined the rigidity of different
Self-ligating brackets incorporate a locking mechanism such as a ring, spring, or door that holds the archwire in the bracket slot. The document discusses and compares active and passive self-ligating brackets. It notes that while active brackets may provide more complete initial tooth alignment with smaller archwires due to their clip design, they also generate more friction. Passive self-ligating brackets produce lower forces and friction, which may facilitate tooth movement. However, evidence suggests torque control is similar between active and passive designs. Overall, the evidence is mixed as to whether self-ligating brackets provide faster treatment times or better outcomes compared to conventional brackets.
Orthodontic alignment phase of pre-adjusted fixed appliance ...Maher Fouda
1. The document discusses the orthodontic alignment phase when using pre-adjusted fixed appliances. It begins by describing how the original edgewise appliance required wire bending to position each tooth, whereas pre-adjusted brackets incorporate each tooth's final position.
2. It then explains how pre-adjusted brackets achieve three-dimensional control of each tooth's position by varying bracket base thickness, slot angulation, and base contour. Various archwire sequences and techniques used during initial alignment are also described.
3. The summary concludes by noting that efficient initial alignment is important for simplifying future treatment and is typically achieved using light nickel-titanium or steel wires until adequate alignment is reached.
This document provides a historical overview of orthodontic appliances, including Angle's edgewise appliance and Begg's ribbon arch appliance. It then introduces the Tip Edge bracket system, which was developed by Dr. Peter Kesling in 1986. The Tip Edge bracket allows for initial crown tipping followed by controlled root uprighting. This differential tooth movement requires lighter forces and reduces treatment time compared to conventional edgewise appliances. The document describes the design and mechanics of Tip Edge brackets, including their dynamic archwire slot, and explains how they facilitate techniques like variable anchorage and early bite opening.
Is lag screw fixation superior to plate fixation to treat fractures of the ma...Dr. SHEETAL KAPSE
This document summarizes a study comparing lag screw fixation versus plate fixation for treating fractures of the mandibular symphysis. The study reviewed 887 patient cases treated with either 2 lag screws or bone plates secured with screws. Results found no significant differences in healing outcomes, but lag screw fixation had fewer postoperative complications like wound dehiscence and need for hardware removal. Both techniques showed good outcomes, but lag screw application required more surgical skill while plates were easier for less experienced surgeons. The document reviews relevant past studies on plating techniques and biomechanics of mandible reconstruction.
Orthodontic tooth movement during space closure can occur through two types of mechanics: segmental/sectional mechanics which do not involve friction, and sliding mechanics which do involve friction between the bracket and archwire. Friction plays a significant role in sliding mechanics. Several methods are used to apply force during space closure, including elastomeric modules, elastomeric chains, and closed coil springs made of materials like stainless steel and nickel titanium. These methods vary in terms of factors like force degradation over time and sensitivity to environmental factors like temperature. Maintaining an optimal force during retraction is important for controlled tooth movement.
Loop mechanics by dr maryam ghazal in akhtar saeed dental college.pptxravenrayes2714
This document discusses loop mechanics for orthodontic tooth movement. It begins by explaining the basic principles of space closure using moments and forces. It then discusses different moment to force ratios needed for various types of tooth movement. Various loop shapes, placements, and activations are described which can be used to optimize moments and forces for different objectives like space closure and anchorage control. The document concludes by discussing advantages and disadvantages of using loop mechanics.
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This document discusses various methods of internal fixation for maxillofacial fractures. It begins with an introduction to metallurgy and the evolution of fixation methods. Some common metals used for internal fixation like stainless steel, Vitallium, and titanium alloys are described. Various historical methods of fixation are outlined, followed by principles of rigid internal fixation using plates, screws, and wires. Both closed and open reduction techniques are summarized.
Torquing in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
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Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
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2. CONTENTS :
• Introduction
• Review of literature
• MBT philospohy
• MBT treatment mechanics
• Conclusions
• References
3. MBT was developed by
• Richard P Mclaughlin
• John C Bennet
• Hugo J Trevisi
4. INTRODUCTION
• Straight wire appliance(SWA) developed by ANDREWS
changed the concept of standard edgewise system.
• ROTH’S most important contribution to orthodontics was
introduction of FUNCTIONAL OCCLUSION and
spreading SWA as ROTH SETUP
5. FIRST GENERATION PEA
• Available from 1972
• It had Siamese edgewise
brackets
Drawbacks:
• Traditional heavy
edgewise forces continued
to be used
• No specific measures
were employed to control
anchorage.
6. • In the early years of PEA, heavy forces were used and these
were associated with deepening of the anterior bite and
creation of lateral open bite –”ROLLER COASTER EFFECT”
7. SECOND GENERATION PEA
• After few years of clinical experience
with SWA, Roth identified the short
comings of SWA like multiple
bracket system.
• Used a wider arch form than
Andrews to avoid damage to canine
tips during treatment
• He emphasized the use of
articulators for
• Diagnostic setup
• Early splint construction
• Construction of gnathologic
positioners at the end of the
treatment.
8. THIRD GENERATION PEA
• Work of Mc Laughlin and Bennett between 1975-1993
• The science and tradition which went to the original
design are now balanced by wealth of clinical
experience.
9. • Work of Mc Laughlin and Bennett and Trevisi between
1993-1997
10. • Work of Mc Laughlin and Bennett and Trevisi
between 1997-2001
11. • MBT developed the treatment mechanics based on
• Sliding mechanics
• Light continuous forces
• Lace back and bend back
• Designed to work ideally with sliding mechanics
12. McLaughlin, R.P., Bennett, J.C. The transition from standard edgewise to preadjusted appliance
system. J Clin Orthod. 1989;23:142–153.
McLaughlin, R.P., Bennett, J.C.(1989).
The most significant changes in mechanics that occurred during the transition
period from standard edgewise to preadjusted appliance systems.The changes
are grouped under the six sequential but overlapping phases:
Anchorage : Need for early anchorage control was identified for which omega
loops and molar tiebacks were used to control incisor and canine positions.
Leveling & aligning : 6-7mm of space opening in the anterior segments over
six months, while leveling proceeds from light, multistranded wires into .020"
round wires. If this space is more than desired the lacebacks are discontinued
before leveling is completed.
13. Overjet & overbite : When the cuspids are upright or even more distally
inclined, the effective way to manage this situation is to leave the incisors
unbracketed, and place lacebacks to the cuspids, and wait for the cuspid roots
to distalize and the cuspid slots to become more parallel to the occlusal plane.
Space closure : Single elastic modules to anterior archwire hooks with ligature
wires extended forward from the molars and when activated 2-3mm, generate
about 100-150g of force and delivers .5-1.5mm of space closure per month
Finishing : Source: The appliance prescriptions are based on averages, they
cannot possibly account for all the variations of tooth size and shape. This
means that detailing bends will be needed in the finishing wires of some
patients.
14. Bennett, J.C., McLaughlin, R.P. (1990).
They have given the basic principles of space closure :
Mechanics of Space Closure : The force required for space closure is delivered
by elastic "tiebacks" which is stretched by 2-3mm twice its normal length.
Inhibitors to Sliding Mechanics : Three primary sources of friction during
space closure .
First-order or rotational resistance at the mesiobuccal and distolingual aspects
of the posterior bracket slots is produced by rotational forces on the buccal
aspects of the posterior teeth.
Second-order or tipping resistance at the mesio-occlusal and distogingival aspects
of the posterior bracket slots is caused by excessive and overactivated tieback
forces, which lead to tipping of the posterior teeth.
Bennett, J.C., McLaughlin, R.P. Controlled space closure with a preadjusted appliance system. J Clin
Orthod. 1990;24:251–260.
15. Third-order or torsional resistance occurs at any of the four areas of the bracket
slot where the edges of the archwire make contact. Like tipping resistance, this
is produced mainly by excessive and overactivated tieback forces,
16. Stephen Burke et al.(1998) applied 26 previous studies to assess the
longitudinal stability of postretention mandibular intercanine width.
They found that mandibular intercanine width tends to expand during
treatment 0.8 to 2mm.
Mandibular intercanine width tends to constrict postretention by 1.2 to 1.9
mm.
Burke S P., SilveiraA M., Goldsmith, Yancey, Stewart,Scarfe. A meta-analysis of mandibular
intercanine width in treatment and postretention.Angle orthod 68(1):53-60
17. Thomas ,Steve ,Nicole (2007) : They found that added force to overcome
friction during canine retraction in sliding mechanics, the result of which can
be increased anchorage loading and anchorage loss.
The frictional force that reduces the force of retraction on the canine must also
reduce the protraction force on the molar.
Emphasis on using reduced-friction( selfligating) brackets during sliding
mechanics to help preserve posterior anchorage.
Southard, T.E., Marshall, S.D., Grosland, N.M. Friction does not increase anchorage loading. Am J
Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:412–414.
18. Xiaomo Liu;Peng Ding;Jiuxiang Lin.(2013): Explore how the position of the
bracket slots relative to the archwire influences the friction between them, and
how bracket design affects the critical contact angle (Ѳc).
In their study they used two kinds of stainless steel archwires (0.016 and 0.019 x
0.025-inch)were tested against four kinds of brackets (Transmission Straight
Archwire bracket, Domestic MBT bracket, Tip-Edge Plus bracket, and BioQuick
self-ligation bracket) in the dry state.
They found that the relationship between the archwire and bracket slot
significantly affects the resistance to sliding.
Liu,ding,lin. Effects of bracket design on critical contact angle. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:877–884.
19. Mohit Mittal; Badri Thiruvenkatachari; Paul Jonathan Sandler; Philip E.
Benson(2015): Investigate if there are any significant differences in the final
inclination of the upper and lower anterior teeth of patients treated with a
Roth or an MBT bracket prescription.
Forty sets of posttreatment study models from patients treated using a
preadjusted edgewise appliance (20 Roth and 20 MBT) were selected using
predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
They found thatthere were no statistically significant differences in terms of
the final inclination of the anterior teeth between the two bracket
prescriptions.
Mittal,Thiruvenkatachari,Jonathan,Benson. A three-dimensional comparison of torque achieved with
a preadjusted edgewise appliance using a Roth or MBT prescription. Angle Orthod. 2015;85:292–297
20. MBT TREATMENT PHILOSOPHY
1. Bracket selection
2. Versatility of bracket system
3. Accuracy of bracket position
4. Light continuous force
5. 0.022 versus 0.018 slot
6. Anchorage control early in treatment
7. Group movement
8. Use of 3 arch forms
9. One size of rectangular steel wire
10. Arch wire hooks
11. Methods of arch wire ligation
12. Awareness of tooth size discrepancies
13. Persistence in finishing
24. • The tip of pre adjusted
brackets is fully expressed
and there is 1 degree of slop
when a .019/.025 rectangular
wire is placed
• Upper and lower molar
attachment have 0 degree tip
when placed parallel to the
buccal cusps of molars this
delivers 5 degree tip in upper
and 2 degree tip in lower.
27. Torque in the base
• Important issues in 1st and 2nd generation PEA was level slot
line up was not possible with brackets with torque in the face
• In MBT versatile brackets are finished with all the torque in
the base in
• Full size metal brackets and esthetic brackets
• Combination of torque in the base and face with absolutely no difference
in slot position in mid size brackets
28. There is 10 degree of slop when a 0.019/0.025 wire
is placed in a 0.22 slot
29. • TORQUE is not efficiently expressed in PEA due to 2
mechanical reasons
1. Area of torque application is small
2. In order to slide the teeth it uses under sized arch wire so torque would not
be fully expressed.
30. Need of extra torque in incisors
• When class II elastics are used ( in class II cases) there is a
tendency for the torque to be lost on the upper incisors and
lower incisors tend to procline during leveling in response to
class II cases.
• In class I cases, where correct incisor torque helps for better
anterior tooth fit.
• Class III cases where correct torque can compensate for mild
class III dental bases.
• Due to this frequent clinical requirements there is a need for greater
palatal root torque in upper incisors and labial root torque in lower
incisors
• +17 and +10 for upper central and lateral and -6 for lower incisors are
recommended by MBT
31.
32. Canine torque
• Original SWA -11 torque for
lower canine was not
satisfactory because it tends to
leave canine in a prominent
position
• +7,0,-7 - upper canines
• +6,0,-6 - lower canines
• -7/-6 -square or ovoid arch form
• 0/0 -ovoid or tapered arch form
• +7/+6- tapered arch form
33. 6 factors which determine selection of canine
brackets
• Arch form
• Canine prominence
• Extraction decision
• Over bite
• Rapid palatal expansion
• Agenesis of upper lateral incisor
34. Upper premolar and molar torque
• Upper premolar torque of -7
is considered adequate.
• In molars MBT has found -9
torque in SWA is
inadequate so they prefer -
14 so as it gives better
control over the palatal
cusps from hanging down.
35. Lower premolar and molar torque
• Original SWA molar torque(-30)
• 2nd molar torque(-35) causes “rolling in” of lower
molars.
• So MBT brackets they changed lower premolar
brackets by 5 ,1st molar by 10, and 2nd molar by 25
degrees.
• -17 2nd premolar
• -20 1st molar
• -10 2nd molar
36. VERSATILITY OF BRACKET SYSTEM
Seven main versatility features :
•Options for Palatally displaced lateral incisor
• Three torque options for upper canine
• Three torque options for lower canine
• Interchangeable lower incisor brackets
• Interchangeable upper premolar bracket
• Use of upper second molar tubes on first molar in non HG cases
• Use of lower second molar tubes for upper first and second
molars of opposite side
36
41. In non-HG cases Use of upper
second molar tubes on first molars
41
42. second molar tubes for the upper first and second molars of the opposite side.
42
43. 0.022 v/s 0.018 inch slot
• PEA system works well in 0.022 slot
More freedom of wire in a larger slot in initial phase of
treatment – lighter force
Later in the treatment full slot engagement gives control
for retraction
Rigidity for surgical / fixed functional treatment
43
44. BRACKET POSITIONING
• “In the past best results were achieved by orthodontist who
were the best wire benders ,in the future best results come
from those orthodontist who are best bracket positioners”-
MBT”
45. Accuracy of bracket positioning is essential, so that the
built-in features of the bracket system can be fully and
efficiently expressed. This helps treatment mechanics and
improves the consistency of the results.
46. • In 1990 because of continuing difficulty with vertical bracket
positioning, McLaughlin and Bennett investigated the location of
the centre of clinical crowns.
• MBT recommends vertical positioning of brackets with gauges
and charts.
47. In the incisor region, the gauge is placed at 90° to the labial surface
In the canine and premolar regions the gauge is placed parallel
with the occlusal plane.
48. In the molar region the gauge is placed parallel with the occlusal
surface of each individual molar.
49.
50. Technique for choosing rows
• Step 1-dividers and millimeter rulers are used to measure the
clinical crown height on as many fully erupted teeth as possible
on patients study model.
• Step 2-these figures are recorded and is divided into half
rounded to nearest 0.5mm to obtain distance from occlusal
surface to the centre of clinical crown.
• Step 3-the row on the bracket placement chart that contains the
greatest number of recorded figure is selected for bracket
placement.
51. Chart individualized in deep bite
and open bite cases.
• It is helpful to place the incisor and canine bracket 0.5
mm more
• Incisally in deep bite cases.
• Gingival in open bite cases.
53. ARCH FORM SELECTION
• Recent classification according to MBT system is
• Tapered arch form
• Square arch form
• Ovoid arch from
54. • Tapered arch form
o Has the narrowest inter canine width useful in
patients with narrow tapered arch forms
o Arch is useful in patients with gingival recession
in canine and premolar
o This arch form is used in combination with
inverted canine bracket.
55. • Square arch form.
o Used with broad arch from
o Example class II div-2
o Maintain the expansion of upper arch after
RME.
56. • Ovoid arch form
• This arch form has been used as
the standard arch form
• This arch form has shown good
stability
• Minimal amount of relapse
57. Customization of arch form
MBT RECOMMENDS USE OF CLEAR TEMPLATES AT THE
START OF THE TREATMENT.
LOWER MODELS.
58. Arch form control in early stages of
treatment.
• Multi strand 0.0175” or 0.016” round HANT are used in
treatment.
• MBT recommends to use ovoid arch form during initial stage
without any customization due to 2 reasons :
• Low dimension wires do not exert heavy force on teeth so as to change the arch
form drastically.
• Have little effect on the arch form for the short period of time it is used.
59. Arch form control during
treatment
• Rectangular HANT cannot be customized
• So stocked in tapered, ovoid and square.
• 0.019/0.025 S.S when placed should be customized for
individual arch form.
60. A wax template is mounted over the lower arch to record the
indentation of the bracket.
61. 0.019/0.025 S.S is bent to the indentation of the wax bite
It is called as IAF-INDIVIDUALIZED ARCH FORM.
65. Anchorage control in MBT
• Tooth leveling and aligning is first orthodontic objective
during initial stage of treatment.
• Maximum anchorage is needed during leveling and aligning
procedures.
66. Reducing anchorage needs during leveling and
aligning.
• Bracket design in MBT:-
o Bracket tip is major factor in
anchorage demands early in
treatment
o Reduction in tip reduces the
anchorage potential in the
case
o MBT bracket system has
• 10 degree less distal tip in
upper anterior segment.
• 12 degree less distal tip in
lower anterior segment when
compared with SWA.
67. • Arch wire forces:-
• Use of very light arch wire forces early in treatment will put less
demand on anchorage.
Avoidance of elastic chain
68. Anchorage control in MBT.
• Horizontal plane.
o Control of anterior segments
• Lace backs :-lace backs are 0.010’’ or 0.009’’ ligature wire which extends
from the most distally banded molar to canine bracket.
69. •Lace back are used to prevent the canine crowns from moving forward
during leveling and aligning.
•Mainly used in premolar extraction cases and also in non extraction cases
where the canine root is mesially tipped
•Lace backs are passive devices and should not be over tightened
•It is shown that lace back can be a effective method of distalizing canine
without unwanted tipping.
70. • Bend backs for anterior-posterior incisor control.
• The arch wire is bent back immediately behind the tube on most distally banded molar
• This serves to minimize the forward tipping on incisors
71. •Control of posterior segments.
• Upper arch
o Head gears
o TPA
o Nance holding arch
• Lower arch
•Lingual arch
•Lip bumper
•Class III elastic and head gear
72. Lateral or transverse plane
• Maintenance of upper and lower inter canine width
• Correction of molar cross bite if present
• RME
• QUAD HELIX
• TPA.
77. 77
• Development of Deep Overbite
• Unrestricted eruption of low 2nd molars in cl II
78. 78
• The tooth movements of bite opening -
o Eruption/extrusion of post teeth
o Distal tipping of post teeth
o Proclination of incisors
o Intrusion of incisors
o A combination of two or more of the above
82. 82
• Intrusion of anterior teeth
o Growing pts – preventing normal eruption
o Adults – intrusion arches
83. 83
• Non-Extraction treatment
o Generally favors bite opening
• Mechanical factors contributing to bite opening
o Initial archwire placement
o The bite-plate effect
84. 84
• The bite-plate effect
o Allows for early placement of low incisor
brackets
o Intrusive force on low incisors
o Allow for extrusion/uprighting of post teeth
85. 85
• Creating the bite-plate effect
o Acrylic ant bite plates
• Low angle deep bite cases
86. 86
• Creating the bite-plate effect
o Direct bonding material on palatal surface of upp incisors
o High angle – occlusal surfaces of molars
87. 87
• The importance of second molars
o Low-angle deep bite cases – earliest banding of 2nd molars
88. Importance of friction in orthodontics
• Applying the proper magnitude of force during
orthodontic treatment will result in optimal tissue
response and rapid tooth movement.
• With orthodontic mechanotherapy, a biologic tissue
response with resultant tooth movement will occur
only when the applied forces adequately overcome
the friction at the bracket wire interface
89. Initial leveling in MBT.
• Initial arch wire for alignment should provide light
continuous force to provide most efficient tipping
movement.
• Arch wire should move freely inside the slot with
minimal binding
90. MBT advocates
• Use the lightest possible force to produce tooth movement
• Do allow sufficient time for up righting of teeth especially
canines
• Do not move up to next arch wire unless full bracket
engagement has been achieved with present arch wire
• Do not leave initial arch wire unless rotational control has
achieved.
• Do not attempt to align a tooth unless there is adequate space
available.
91. Space closure and sliding mechanics.
• 2 schools of thought for retraction
o First is canines and incisors are retracted separately to conserve anchorage
o Second is enmasse retraction where all 6 anterior teeth are retracted at the
same time.
o MBT advocates enmasse retraction in their cases
92. WIRE SELECTION IN SLIDING
MECHANICS.
• Space closure in sliding mechanics require a wire which
produces less friction between brackets.
• Rectangular wire produce more friction the round wires and
larger wires produce more than smaller wires
• Cobalt chromium, beta titanium and Ni Ti produce more
friction than stainless steel due to the surface topography of
the wire.
93. • 0.016 stain less steel round wire has lowest friction but it is not
good for sliding because wire does not offer control in all 3
planes of space and gets distorted easily and causes excessive
tipping and more friction.
• So 0.016x 0.022 S.S in 0.018 slot and 0.019 x 0.025 S.S in
0.22 slot for ideal sliding mechanics.
• Composition of brackets will also affects sliding mechanics.
Ceramic brackets create more friction than stainless steel.
94. Methods of space closures
• Closing loop arch wires
• Sliding mechanics with
heavy forces (edge wise
mechanics)
• Elastic chain
• Sliding mechanics with
light continuous forces.
(MBT)
95. Space closure in MBT.
• ARCH WIRES.
o Rectangular 0.019 x 0.025
stainless steel wires in
0.022 slot.
o This is working wire in
MBT.
o This wire gives good over
bite control while allowing
free sliding through the
buccal segments.
96. • Soldered hooks
o 0.7 mm soldered brass hooks are
preferred.
o Most common hook position are 36
mm or 38 mm in upper and 26 mm
(lower).
97. • Passive tie backs
o Before starting space closure it is recommended that rectangular 0.019 x 0.025
wire left in place for at least 1 month with passive tie back
o It allows time for torque changes to occur individual tooth for final leveling of
arches so sliding mechanics can proceed smoothly
98. • Active tie back using electrometric modules.
o Active tie back using electrometric modules are preferred for space closure in
most case.
o There are 2 types of active tie back
o Type one active tie back ( distal module)
o Type two active tie back (mesial module)
99. Type one active tie backs (distal module)
One arm of ligature wire is carried under the arch wire. The
electrometric module is stretched twice to unstretched size.
100. Type two active tie backs (mesial module)
• Here the electrometric module is placed on
the soldered hook of the arch wire.
101. Force levels
• It was found when modules were stretched twice it was found to
give 50 -100 gms after pre stretching
• Without pre stretching it is 200-300 gm .
• Natrass et al has confirmed that force decay of elastomeric
chains is rapid in the first 24 hrs and is affected by oral
environment and temperature.
Nattrass C, Ireland A J, Sheriff M: An investigation into the placement of force
delivery systems and the initial forces applied by clinicians during space
closure. BJO 1997:24:127-131
102. Other methods
• Using nickel titanium
springs.
o It can be used when
large spaces has to be
closed
o If there is infrequent
adjustment opportunities
103. • Samuels et al have found that optimal force while using Ni-Ti
coil spring is 150 gms.
• Springs should not be expanded beyond 22 mm for 9 mm
springs and 36 mm for 12 mm springs.
Samuels R H, Rudge S J, Mair L H: A comparison of the rate of space closure using a nickel-titanium
spring and an elastic module: a clinical study, Am J Orthod 1993:103:464-467
Samuels R H, Rudge S J, Mair L H: A clinical study of space closure with nickel-titanium closed coil
springs and an elastic module: Am J Orthod 1998:114:73-79
104. TRAMPOLINE EEFECT.
• Clinical experience have showed space closure can continue
for several months who have failed to present for normal
adjustments and elastomeric module is poor condition with
little force.
• This is explained by “trampoline effect” which occurs during
the mastication which result in pumping activation.
105. Check list after space closure
• Anchorage maintenance should be evaluated.
• Occlusal plane of anterior and posterior teeth must be
evaluated.
• Axial inclination of the teeth (ex-root parallelism)
• Rotation of teeth
106. THE FINISHING TOUCH.
• “Finishing greatly affects stability" Hickman 1992
• Accurate arch form and accurate coordination, less work is
required for finishing
107. Finishing the case:-
• Condyles seated in centric relation position.
• Relaxed healthy musculature
• A six keys Class I occlusion
• Ideal functional movements- a mutually protected occlusion
• Periodontal health
• Best possible esthetics.
108. Final stage of finishing
• Lighter wires are used for settling because heavy
wire inhibit the settling of the teeth.
• 0.014/0.016 braided s.s or HANT wire are used.
• It is accompanied by vertical triangular elastics
109. 110
• Lower - .014” or .016” NiTi or .014” steel
• Upper - .014” SS sectional
• 4-6 weeks
110. 111
Settling The Case
• Variations
o Cuspids
o Diastema
o Extraction – fig 8 ligatures
o Palatal expansion
o Mod to severe Class II/1
111. Management of tooth size
discrepancy.
• Tooth size is considered the 7th key of normal occlusion.
• Tooth size discrepancy may be corrected by reducing
tooth mass in one arch with inter proximal enamel
reduction.
• By adding restorative materials in the opposing arch.
112. Wire Selection in the MBT Versatile+
Appliance System
• It is the wire that drives or guides the teeth, no matter
how advanced the brackets may be, or whether they are
self-ligating or not.
113. Archwire role
• It has 2 modes of action
1. In this, the wire is in its active state. Activation of the
wire is carried out by ligating the archwire to the
irregularly positioned teeth. Energy is stored by
pushing the elastic wires into the bracket slots. After
this activation, the archwire uses this energy to move
the teeth. Such an operating mode is typical for the
aligning and leveling stages.
114.
115. 2. In this, the archwire is used as a guiding track for the mesial or
distal movement of teeth along the arch. Here the archwire is
initially passive and its stiffness and elasticity only comes into play
when the teeth start to show side effects such as tipping or
rotations.
Then the wire creates corrective forces and moments and assures
that the teeth do not deviate from the intended track and
angulations.
116. CONCLUSIONS
There is no such thing as an isolated orthodontic
act. More effort and knowledge is required to
prevent or control unwanted tooth movements than
to apply the primary forces
117. References
• Mclaughlin RP, Bennett JC, Trevisi HJ: Systemized orthodontic
treatment mechanics: published by Mosby
• Samuels R H, Rudge S J, Mair L H: A comparison of the rate of
space closure using a nickel-titanium spring and an elastic module:
a clinical study, Am J Orthod 1993:103:464-467
• Nattrass C, Ireland A J, Sheriff M: An investigation into the
placement of force delivery systems and the initial forces applied by
clinicians during space closure. BJO 1997:24:127-131
• Samuels R H, Rudge S J, Mair L H: A clinical study of space closure
with nickel-titanium closed coil springs and an elastic module: Am J
Orthod 1998:114:73-79
• McLaughlin, R.P., Bennett, J.C. The transition from standard
edgewise to preadjusted appliance system. J Clin Orthod.
1989;23:142–153.
• Bennett J C, McLaughlin R P 1990 Controlled space closure with a
preadjusted appliance system. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics
24:251-260