The maxillary central incisor develops from four primary lobes, featuring a trapezoidal crown outline with distinct anatomical characteristics such as mamelons and labial depressions. Variations exist in root length and shape, with a cone-shaped root that is longer than the crown, and differences in the curvature of the cervical line. The crown exhibits smooth convexities and tapering towards the cingulum, with specific mesial and distal contouring details.

1. MAXILLARY CENTRAL
INCISOR
Dr. Ram Simsuangco

2. Maxillary Central Incisor
- develops from 4 primary centers of formation (lobes); 3 labial lobe and 1
lingual lobe
- Widest mesiodistal dimension; generally smooth
MORPHOLOGY OF NEWLY ERUPTED CENTRAL INCISOR
 presence of mamelons
 Two shallow developmental depressions labially
 Perikymata – fine horizontal lines on the crown surface
2 basic forms: wide cervix and narrow cervix
Variations: short root, unusually long crown, shovel-shaped incisors

3. Contact Area
Mesial- incisal 3rd, very near
or approaching the incisal
angle
Distal – near the junction of
the incisal and middle 3rd

4. Labial aspect
 Crown outline is trapezoidal
 Length of crown usually greater than MD width
 Outline of crown:
 Mesial slightly convex
 Distal outline more convex
 Mesioincisal angle = sharp ; Distoincisal angle = more convex
 Incisal outline regular and straight in MD direction
 Cervical outline: semi-circular with curvature rootwise
 Root is cone-shaped, with a regularly blunt apex; root is 2 or 3 mm more longer than crown
 Root axis line of crown and root labially tends to parallel the mesial outline of the crown and
root

9. Lingual Aspect
 Crown outline is trapezoidal
 Smooth convexity at the cervical 3rd, cingulum is located off centered
towards distal
 Bet. Mesial and distal marginal ridges is a shallow concavity, the lingual
fossa
 Shovel-shaped incisors – incisors with deep lingual dossa and prominent
marginal ridges
 Linguoincisal edge is raised, in level with MRs
 There are developmental grooves extending from the cingulum to the
lingual fossa
 Crown and root taper lingually
 Root surface on lingual is narrower than labially

12. Mesial Aspect
 Crown is triangular or wedge-shaped
 Root axis line bisect incisal ridge and root apex, Incisal ridge is in line
with center of the root
 Crest of curvature at the cervical 3rd – greatest labiolingual
measurement
 CEJ curves incisally to a noticeable degree than any of the tooth in
the mouth
 Root is cone-shaped, apex is usually bluntly rounded

15. Distal Aspect
 Similar to mesial; except crown is thicker toward incisal
3rd
 Less curvature of CEJ
 Most teeth turned a little on their root bases, in order to
adapt to the curvature of the dental arch, creating an
illusion of greater thickness on the distal

16. Incisal Aspect
 Labial surface is relatively broad and flat especially towards
the incisal 3rd
 Cervical portion of crown is convex, arc is described as
broad
 Incisal ridge slope toward the lingual
 Lingual outline – tapers towards the cingulum
 Cingulum off centered to the distal
 Prominent mesiolabial and distolabial line angles
 Labiolingual calibration of the crown is more than two 3rds
as great as the MD calibration