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Materials of brake pads
The document discusses various aspects of disk brakes, detailing how they convert kinetic energy into thermal energy through friction and highlighting the components involved, such as brake pads and calipers. It explains the different materials used in brake pads, including semi-metallic and non-asbestos options, their performance characteristics, and the impact of temperature and composition on braking efficiency. Additionally, it covers the requirements for different vehicle types, including passenger cars, trucks, and high-performance cars, while mentioning safety regulations and environmental considerations.
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Materials of brake pads
- 1.
- 2. Disk brakes convertkinetic energy from the car into thermal energy by friction
- 3. The brakefluid compresses the piston inside the brake caliper applying pressure to the brake pads
- 4. Connected tothe axel – rotating at the same speed as the wheel Generally made out of steel Commonly slotted or drilled for extra heat dissipation
- 5. Fixed inthe brake caliper Various compounds of materials are used Wear over time and must be replaced
- 6. Increase padand rotor life Reduce brake noise Cooling to prevent heat fade Maximize braking force Federal Safety Requirements Environmental Impact
- 7. Passenger Cars: ◦Low noise and wear Trucks and SUV’s: ◦ Heavier weight requires better braking High Performance Cars: ◦ Need maximum braking and cooling
- 8. Asbestos Semi-Metallic Non-Asbestos Organics Low Steel Carbon Exact composition of each manufacturer’s pads is a closely guarded secret
- 10. Widely usedin early disk brake applications Good for absorbing and dissipating heat Average stopping power Asbestos is legally regulate due to it’s carcinogenic properties No longer used due to health risks
- 11. Range from30% to 65% metal and filler Different pads use Steel, Iron, and Copper Harder material is very durable and has excellent heat resistance Creates more noise and dust Used in most cars and SUV’s
- 12. Low tomedium coefficient of friction ~ 0.28 –0.38 Relatively high mu variation (temperature, duty cycle) Good fade characteristics Poor wear at low temps., <100C Excellent wear at temps. over 200C Good wear under heavy loads Poor wear at high speeds Generally inferior Noise, Vibration & Harshness compared to NAOs Contains no copper Low initial cost High fluid temperatures can be an issue
- 13. Typically containnonferrous metals, inorganic and organic fibers, abrasives, lubricants and property modifiers such as glass, rubber, kevlar and carbon Typically used in high performance cars Also referred to as “ceramics”
- 14. Low tomedium-high coefficient of friction ~ 0.33 – 0.40. Excellent wear at lower temps. < 200C. Good for wheel dust. Relatively poor wear under heavy duty conditions and at higher friction levels. Good noise & roughness characteristics Can have morning effectiveness noise – squealing noise on first couple of brake applies in the morning More expensive.
- 15. Typically containferrous and nonferrous metals, inorganic and organic fibers, aggressive abrasives, lots of carbonaceous and sulfide lubricants Replacing semi-metallic as the standard for passenger cars
- 16. Higher coefficientof friction levels ~ 0.38 –0.50 Good pedal feel and braking confidence Good fade and high speed performance High pad/rotor wear Good for high speed wear Lots of wheel dust Inferior noise and life.
- 17. Composite materials reinforcedwith carbon fibers Used for both pads and rotors Used in Formula 1 and other race cars Major manufacturers include Hitco, Brembo and Carbon Industries
- 18. Light weight– rotors weigh less than 1kg High coefficient of friction - can decelerate an F1 car at over 5G Operating temperature is around 800-1000°C Extremely expensive to produce
- 19. Text: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake_pads http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_brake http://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/brakes/brake-types/disc-brake.htm www.suscon.org/bpp/pdfs/OEBrakePads.pdf http://www.performancefriction.com/pages/pad_type.htm http://www.f1technical.net/articles/2 Images: http://stmarysjin.org.uk/hsw/gif/disc-brake3.jpg http://www.akebonobrakes.com/oem/brake_products/images/3d_exploded_calip er.gif https://www.nzad.co.nz/store/images/standard%20brake%20rotor %20(Small).jpg http://www.good-win-racing.com/miata/images/items/GWR-078.jpg