This document discusses materials used for bricklaying up to the damp proof course level, including different types of bricks, blocks, sand, spray paint, concrete, cement, and plasticiser. Clay bricks are used for the external skin of houses, while engineering bricks are used below ground level. Lightweight blocks are used for insulation and dense blocks for strength. Building sand and spray paint are used for marking out lines. Concrete is used between brick skins to add strength. Cement comes in 25kg bags, and plasticiser makes mortar more workable by trapping air.

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Materials
Unit 102: Contribute to setting out and building
masonry structures up to damp proof course

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Example materials and their uses
Clay bricks Used for the external skin of a
house
Engineering brick Used for both appearance and
strength
Lightweight block Used for insulation properties
Dense block A strong, load-bearing block
Building sand Used to lay all bricks and blocks
Spray paint Used to mark lines to the ground
Concrete Used to infill between skins to
provide strength

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Spray paint
Spray paint comes in
tins as shown here.
The spray paint is used
to transfer the ranging
line position to the
ground or concrete.

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Building sand
Building sand can also mark the
ground to show the positions of
the face lines.

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Bricks
Bricks for building below
ground level must be a
strong, engineering brick.
These bricks have
perforations, usually three
as shown below.
Soft clay bricks
such as the brick
above are used
above damp proof
course level.

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Blocks
Internal skins on dwellings
are made from different
blocks.
• Lightweight are used for
insulation properties.
• Dense are used for
strength.

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Concrete
Concrete is used between the
two skins of a cavity wall to
add strength.
This concrete is called fine fill.
It is made from a low strength
concrete, and also stops the
two skins pushing together
when the back fill is applied.

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Cement
Cement comes in
25kg bags. Note that
cement in yellow
bags will contain a
built-in plasticiser.

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Plasticiser
Plasticiser is added to
the water to trap air in
the mix, which in turn
makes the mortar mix
more workable.

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