physiology chap no 2 membrane physiology nerve and muscles

1. Physiology
Chapter no 2

2. Ionic concentration in ECF and ICF
1 structure of cell membrane
2
Membrane physiology
n e r v e a n d m u s c l e

3. Transport throughcell memebrane
1 Diffusion thru lipid bilayer
2
Failure of ion to diffuse thru lipid bilayer
3

4. 01 Ionicconcentrationin
ECFandICF

5. Na+ 142mEq/l 10mEq/l
K+ 4mEq/l 140mEq/l
Ca++ 2.4mEq/l 0.0001mEq/l
Mg++ 1.2mEq/l 58mEq/l
Cl- 103mEq/l 4mEq/l
HCO3- 28mEq/l 10mEq/l
Phosphates 4mEq/l 75mEq/l
SO-4 1mEq/l 2mEq/l
glucose 90mg/dl 0 to 20 mg/dl
aminoacids 30mg/dl 200mg/dl
cholestrol
phospholipids
neutral fat
0.5 g/dl 2 to 95g/dl

6. Structure of cell
membrane

7. Structure of cell membrane
Cell membranes consist of
1) Lipid Bilayers
2) Proteins
I. Integral of transport Proteins
Protrude all the way through cell membrane.
two types
1. Channel proteins
Have pores or channels .
2. Carrier proteins
bind with substance conformational change transport substances across
cell membrane .
I. Peripheral protein
Attached to the integral protein on inner side act as enzyme.

8. Transport through
cell membrane

9. Transport through cell membrane
By two methods
1) Diffuson or passive transport
a) Simple diffusion
b) Facilitated diffusion
2) Active transport

10. Diffusion or passive transport:
Movement of substances down their concentration gradient either through opening in
cell membrane or in combination with carriers protein caused by simple kinetic motion
of molecule is called diffusion or passive transport .
Simple diffusion :
Movement of substance through opening in cell membrane without binding with
carrier protein passed by simple kinetic motion is called simple diffusion .
Facilitated diffusion :
Movemnt of substance across cell membrane in combination
with carrier protein toward concentration gradient without utilization of energy is
called facilitated diffusion
For example
Glucose and Amino acid

11. Diffusion thru
Lipid bilayer

12. 1. Lipid soluble substances can easily diffuse through liquid Bilayer.
for example O2 ,N2, alcohol ,CO2
2. Water althought lipids insoluble can diffuse through lipid layer by penetrating it like
bullet due to its small size and high kinetic energy .
Diffusion thru Lipid bilayer

13. Failure of ions to
diffuse thru lipid
bilayer

14. 1) Failure of ions to diffuse thru lipid bilayer
Electrical charge on ions impede diffisuon through lipid bilayer
in two ways
1. Water molecules attached to ions
hydrated ions big size cannot diffuse .
2. Lipid layer is polar negative on surface and positive
in centre so ions are repelled cannot diffuse.

15. THANKS