This document discusses mass movement in geography. It defines mass movement as the downward movement of weathered debris such as soil, stones, and rocks down a slope due to gravity. It identifies different types of mass movements including landslides, earthflows, and mudflows. It also discusses factors that influence the degree of mass movement such as slope gradient, vegetation, soil type, deforestation, mining, and overgrazing. Finally, it outlines strategies for minimizing the effects of mass movement such as maintaining vegetation, avoiding overgrazing, and using slope stabilization techniques like fencing and concrete walls.

1. Mass movement
Geography Grade 11 by Shaun Mamabolo

2. Descirbe different
types of mass
movemnt
1
Discuss different
factors that
influence the
degree of mass
movement
2
Develop
prevention
strategies for
mass movement
3
LESSON OBECTIVES:

3. Refers to the
downwards movement
of weathered debris
such as soil, stones,
tress, mud and rocks on
a slope as a result of
the force of gravity

4. FACTORS INFLUENCINGTHE DEGREE OF
MASS MOVEMENT
NATURAL INFLUENCES
• GRADIENT OFTHE SLOPE
• VEGITATION
• SOIL
HUMAN INFLUENCES
• DEFORESTATION
• MINING EXPLOSION
• OVERGRAZING

5. TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT
Land slide
Large mass of land breaks
loose and plunges down a
slope.
Usually occurs along a fault
zone where a block of land
slides down hill.
Can be triggered by an
Earthquake

6. EARTHFLOW
• Occur in clay areas
when soil particles,
saturated with water,
move down slope.

7. MUDFLOW
A mud flow
is a type of
landslide
that occurs
when wet,
saturated
soil
becomes
liquefied
and flows
downhill in
a manner
similar to a
liquid.

8. IMPACT ON PEOPLE ANDTHE ENVIRONMENT
Using your own knowledge discussion the effects of mass movement
Effect of mass movement on people? (1x2)
-
-
Effect of mass movement on the environment? (1x2)
-
-

9. Strategies for minimising
effect of mass movement
• Maintaining vegetation
• Avoiding overgrazing
• Fencing and concrete slope
stabilise

11. • What is mass movement? (1)
• Name two mass movement
processes. (2)
• Discuss the factors that influence
the degree of mass movement.
(2x4)
• Differentiate between land slide
and earth flow. (2x4)
• Using the image from Google
earth develop prevention
measures for the landform from
mass movement (2x6)