Mass movement is the movement of weathered materials down a slope due to gravity. There are several kinds of mass movement, including soil creep, solifluction, landslides, rockfalls, mud flows, and slumps. Soil creep is the slow movement of soil down slopes at a rate of 1mm per year. Landslides occur when a large mass of land breaks loose and slides down a slope, often causing significant damage. Rockfalls involve very rapid movement of materials on steep slopes due to weathering or earthquakes.

1. Mass movement
Kinds of mass movement
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2. What is mass movement
• Mass movement is the movement of weathered materials down a slope.
• Mass movement is the movement of surface material caused by gravity.

3. Kinds of mass movement
• Soil creep
• Solifluction
• Landslides
• Rockfalls
• Mud flows
• slumps

4. Soil creep
• Soil creep is the slow down slope
movement of soil. It takes place at
an average rate of 1mm a year.

5. solifluction
• Solifluction is a very slow down
slope movement of water-saturated
soil, averaging between 5 and 20 cm
a year. It occurs in tundra regions
when ground defrost in spring.

6. landslides
• Landslides occur when a large mass
of land breaks loose and slides
down a slope. It causes great
economic loss by the destruction
of infrastructure such as roads,
railways, dams and bridges.

7. rockfalls
• Rock falls are very rapid movement
of material on slopes exceeding
40°. Rocks break loose from the
slope due to weathering, frost
action and earthquakes. These
rocks collect at the bottom of the
slope.

8. Mud flows
• Mud flows occur on steep slopes
after very heavy rain. It is like a
stream of mud and exceeds 1
km/h.

9. slumps
• Slumps are slope failure caused by
rotational movement. The
movement can be fast or slow. It
occurs in areas where softer
materials overlie more resistant
rocks. eg.close to seas or oceans

10. Reference list
• https://imnh.iri.isu.edu/digitalatlas/geo/basics/massmvnt.htm
• https://study.com/academy/lesson/mass-movement-definition-types-
examples.html
• https://www.britannica.com/science/mass-movement
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-geology/chapter/outcome-
types-of-mass-movement/
• http://peter-mulroy.squarespace.com/what-are-mass-movements/