1) The document describes a typical value chain that moves a product from manufacturer to end consumer through various intermediaries. 2) In the chain, the manufacturer focuses on bulk production, then the product moves through stockists, regional and local distributors, dealers, retailers, and last mile delivery to reach the consumer. 3) At each stage of the chain, value is added through activities like investing in inventory, managing supply networks, and retailing directly to consumers.

1. value chains.

2. page
02
reaching the user!
after being manufactured, product
moves through a chain of value
addition to reach end consumer
value chains

3. page
03
manufacturer
01
bulk production with prime
focus on manufacturing
the product
stockiest
prime focus on investing
in inventory and trading in
bulk quantities
02

4. page
04
carry n forward
04
local distributor stocking
in medium quantities to
supply to dealers
regional distributor
03
regional distributor to
stock and manage the
supply of product to local
distributors
dealer
05
stocking in small
quantities to cater
supplies to retailers and
last mile

5. page
05
retailer
06
cater to the consumer
from its premises or place
of business
last mile
07
deliver to consumer
through its resources /
supply chain

6. value
addition
page
06
2
1 3 4
investment
reduced investment cost through
MOQ (minimum order quantity)
supply
commitment to supply and arrange
delivery to buyer
product mix
buyer may be looking for multiple
items from the seller
market access
seller has the access to the next
layer of market

7. thank you.