Malaysia has over 4,600 km of coastline containing many islands and coastal areas. Its marine areas support a large population and economic activities like fishing, shipping, and tourism. Marine construction in Malaysia includes facilities like bridges, harbors, ports, jetties, marinas, and mooring dolphins that require structures made from materials like concrete, steel, and wood. These facilities are important for transportation, trade, and development.

1. P R E P A R E D B Y : F A R R A H N O R I Z Z A H Y U S S O F
MARINE CONSTRUCTION

2. The ocean are the feature of earth which comprising
more than two thirds of its surface. Malaysia’s total
coastline is 4,675 kilometers in length
 2,068 kilometers for Peninsular Malaysia +
2,607 kilometers for East Malaysia (Library of Congress
– Federal Research Division, Country Profile: Malaysia,
September 2006).

3. P A C I F I C
O C E A N
P A C I F I C
O C E A N
I N D I A N A
O C E A N
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N

4. P A C I F I C
O C E A N
P A C I F I C
O C E A N
I N D I A N A
O C E A N
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N

5. S O U T H
C H I N A S E A
I N D O N E S I A
I N D O N E S I A

6. Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) indicates that Malaysia have
about 1007 islands located in the coastal water of Malaysia :
554 are located in Peninsular Malaysia
397 in Sabah
66 in Sarawak.

8. Marine area or coastal zone of Malaysia has a special socio-
economic and environmental significance. It supports a
large percentage of the population and it is also the centre
of economic activities encompassing urbanization,
agriculture, fisheries, aquaculture, oil and gas
exploitation, transportation and communication,
recreation and others.

9. MARINE FACILITES
MARINE PROTECTION
M A R I N E C O N S T R U C T I O N
bridge piers
habour
port
jetty
marina
waterfront
barrage
mooring dolphin
buoys
sea breakers
seawall
groynes

10. P R E P A R E D B Y : F A R R A H N O R I Z Z A H Y U S S O F
MARINE FACILITIES

11.  FACILITIES components
Bridge
piers
Jetty
marina buoys
Harbour
ports
waterfront Barrage
Mooring
dolphin

12. bridge piers
A bridge pier is the intermediate support of a
bridge superstructure.
Piers act as vertical support to the bridge
superstructure.
Pier construction begins once the footings are
in place. Steel or plywood forms can be used
for frequent reuse and rapid advancement of a
cast-in-place pier

13. bridge piers
The forms are typically constructed to cast or
build segments of the pier vertically and
moving the forms upward as the pier
construction takes place.
Many different shapes of the piers are
possible the most economical shape would
have a consistent cross-section
The forms are typically constructed to cast or
build segments of the pier vertically and
moving the forms upward as the pier
construction takes place.

14. bridge piers
Many different shapes of the piers are
possible the most economical shape would
have a consistent cross-section
The size and frequency of piers depends on
the type of superstructure and spans they are
supporting. Concrete is the most likely
construction material to be used but they
could also be built of steel.
Some piers are designed as sculpture to give
aesthetics impact to the bridges.

15. habour
A place where ships, boats, and barges can seek shelter from stormy weather, or else
are stored for future use.
Harbors can be natural or artificial. An artificial harbor has deliberately
constructed break waters, sea walls, or jetty, or otherwise, they could have been
constructed by dredging, and these require maintenance by further periodic
dredging.
Harbors and ports are often confused with each other. A port is a facility for loading
and unloading vessels; ports are usually located in harbors.
A port is a man-made coast or riverside facility where boats and ships can load and
unload

16. habour
Breakwaters Supply of
quarry
materials
Dredging and
Reclamation
submarine
crude oil
pipeline
Internal Roads

17. habour
A natural harbor is surrounded on most sides by land. Many of the great cities of
the world are located on a natural harbor

19. port
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or
more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or
from land.
Port locations are selected to optimize access to land and navigable
water, for commercial demand, and for shelter from wind and waves.
Ports often have cargo-handling equipment, such
as cranes (operated by longshoremen) and forklifts for use in
loading ships, which may be provided by private interests or
public bodies

20. port
Port development is new port construction or present port
expansion to accommodate demand increase and upgrading
port operation
Port is very important as operation centre for traders carrying
out business activity through sea. Port provided various
facilities such as wharf, jetty, warehouse and others.
The ports with the highest cargo volumes are Bintulu, Pasir
Gudang (Johor), Port Dickson, Pulau Pinang (Penang),
Sabah, and Port Klang (Kelang),

21. port
port or harbour for landing and distributing fish.
port where cruise-ship passengers board
(or embark) to start their cruise
and disembark the cruise ship at the end of their
cruise.
an intermediate stop for a ship on its sailing
itinerary, which may include up to half a dozen
ports. At these ports, a cargo ship may take on
supplies or fuel, as well as unloading and loading
cargo.
port to handles very different cargo, which has to
be loaded and unloaded by very different
mechanical means. The port may handle one
particular type of cargo or it may handle
numerous cargoes, such as grains, liquid fuels,
liquid chemicals, wood, automobiles, etc
Fishing port:
Cruise home port
Port of call
Cargo ports

22. port
Component of freight distribution as they offer a maritime or land
interface for export and import activities.
Points of convergence of inland and coastal transportation
systems, defining a port's hinterland.
This function may be direct, as freight reaches a port
directly through road transportation, or indirect as freight
reaches a port though an inland port or through traffic
consolidation at a regional port and shipped by coastal
transportation.
Likewise, ports are points of distribution to inland and coastal
transportation systems, defining a port's foreland.

23. port
Component of freight distribution as they offer a maritime or land
Every port provides services to ships with berths, docks,
navigation channels and repairs (occasionally),
and services to merchandises with cranes, warehouses and
access to inland distribution systems.

25. c a r g o p o r t
berths,

26. The Port of Tanjung Pelepas (PTP)
Malaysia’s most advanced container terminal, The Port of Tanjung Pelepas (PTP) is
strategically located at the confluence of the main east-west shipping lanes,
offering Shipping Lines minimal deviation time of 45 minutes. PTP is situated in a
sheltered bay and has no tide restrictions.
Local cargo movement to major industrial estates is accessible through the
second Malaysia-Singapore expressway and the north-south highway. In addition
to road, sea and air inter-modal linkages, PTP is also connected to the national rail
grid passing through Peninsular Malaysia from Singapore to Southern Thailand.

27. CONTAINER YARD CAPACITY
The Port of Tanjung Pelepas (PTP)

28. TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT
The Port of Tanjung Pelepas (PTP)

29. Berths
5 KM
cranes, warehouses and access to
inland distribution systems.

31. The twenty-foot equivalent unit (often TEU or teu) is an inexact unit of
cargo capacity often used to describe the capacity of CONTAINER SHIPS
and CONTAINER TERMINALS. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long
(6.1 m) intermodal container, a standard-sized metal box which can be
easily transferred between different modes of transportation, such as ships,
trains and trucks
1 TEU= 20 FOOT LONG

32. Jetty
Jetties are navigational structures used to stabilize river
mouths and tidal inlets so that a channel to the ocean will
stay open for navigation purposes.
By directing sediment from the rivers or tidal inlets further
offshore, jetties function to limit the build-up of sediment
within the channel.
Jetties is usually constructed of steel, concrete or rock. The
type depends on foundation conditions and wave, climate
and economic considerations.
In comparison to a breakwater, jetties are considerably
smaller and are not primarily used to reduce wave action.
Jetties are designed primarily for sediment management
and are typically located at the mouth of a river.

33. Jetty

34. Jetty

35. Jetty

36. Marina

37. Marina
Marinas can change physical and chemical
habitat parameters such as tidal prism, depth,
water temperature, salinity, wave energy,
sediment transport, and current velocity.
A marina may include ground facilities such
as parking lots for vehicles and boat trailers.
Slipways (or boat ramps) transfer a trailered
boat into the water. A marina may have a
boat hoist well (a traveling crane) operated by
service personnel. A marina may provide in-
or out-of-water boat storage.

38. Marina
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
Site clearance
Installation and maintenance of environmental controls
Earthworks included excavation of sand on the
foreshore to form the marina basin and rock armouring
on geotextile matting
Major drainage
Boat storage and car
park pavement construction
Combination piled and precast concrete travel lift dock
Hard and soft landscaping

39. Marina

40. Waterfront
Waterfront structures are broadly divided into
three main categories: offshore structures
creating a sheltered
harbor; alongshore structures establishing
and maintaining a stable shoreline; and
wharfage structures allowing vessels to lie
alongside for loading or unloading

41. Waterfront

42. Mooring
dolphin
Mooring dolphins, as the name implies, are
used for mooring only and for securing the
vessels by using ropes.
They are also commonly used near pier
structures to control the transverse
movement of vessels.

43. Mooring
dolphin
It also can be used to "cushion" ship impacts,
somewhat similar to fenders.
The structures typically consist of a number
of piles driven into the seabed or riverbed and
connected above the water level to provide a
platform or fixing point.

44. MOORING DOLPHIN
• Installation of mooring dolphins at North Harbour
Island Ontario, Canada for ships to use for head and stern lines.
Each dolphin consisted of circular shape-steel pile 80′ long driven
with a diesel Vibro-hammer to grade.
METHOD OF INSTALLATION
Drive the pile until reached bedrock Slot in and weld the platform

45. Buoys
 A self contained single point offshore terminal facility
 Also known as Single Point Mooring System (SPM)
 it is for mooring and transferring cargo
 Capable to handle any size of ship include very large
crude carriers(VLCC)
 Act as mooring point and interconnected for tankers
loading or offloading gas or liquid product

46. Mooring
dolphin
Buoy body
 supported by static legs attached to the
seabed with rotating part
 Rotating part is above water level connected to
offloading tanker.
 Moored tanker can freely weathervane around
the buoy.
Product transfer system
 It is the heart of buoy
 Consist of pipelines located on seabed
 Use to transfer product to the off take tanker
 The basic component of basic product transfer:
flexible subsea hoses (riser)
floating hose
product swivel
Other component
 Boat landing
 Fendering to protect buoy
 Lifting and handling equipment
 Navigational aids and electrical subsystem.

47. Major component of Buoy
MARINE TERMINAL PT. ARUN, LHOKSEUMAWE, ACEH, INDONESIA
BOUY

48. @The end……