marine drugs presentation, marine drugs, marine pharmacognosy, marine sources of drugs

1. Marine drugs

2.  The drugs which are obtained from marine organisms
are know as marine drugs. these drugs are used since
ancient times.
 They are highly potent bioactive molecules
 In recent years a significant number of novel
metabolites with potent pharmacological properties
have been discovered from the marine organism

3.  Rich source of both biological and chemical diversity
(The oceans are our most biodiverse environment).
 Genetic diversity translates to chemical diversity =
Promising new drugs
 Marine toxins were reported to possess an extremely
high potency with regard to their pharmacological
actions.
 Low toxic side effects.

4.  Sponges
 Coelenterates (sea whips, sea fans and soft corals)
 Tunicates
 molluscs (nudibranchs, sea hares, etc.)
 Echinoderms (starfish, sea cucumbers, etc.)
 Bryozoans (moss animals)

5. Sponges Tunicates
bryozon
mollusks

6.  Antibacterial agents
 Antiviral agents
 Antifungal agents
 Antibiotics
 Anticancer agents
 Antiprotozoal agents
 Anti-inflammatory agents

7. Compound
Name
Source Chemical
class
Disease
area
Status
Ziconotide(prialt™) cone snail Peptide Chronic pain approval
by the FDA
on
December
31st 2004
Bryostatin-1 Bryozoan Polyketide Cancer No current
clinical
trials
Dolaststin Sea slug Peptide Cancer -
E-7974 Sponge tripeptide cancer Phase-1

8.  1st drug of marine origin
 approval by the FDA on December 31st 2004
 A non-opioid, non-NSAID, non-local anesthetic used
for treatment of chronic pain
 Derived from the toxin of cone snail Conus magus
 Contains synthetic form of the cone snail peptide ω-
conotoxin

9.  Used for “management of severe chronic pain”
 Approved for the treatment of chronic pain as a
morphine replacement therapy
 It is the most powerful painkiller known till date
 Must be administered intrathecally
 Common side effects: dizziness, nausea, confusion &
headache
 Rare side effects: hallucinations, suicidal thoughts,
new or worsening depression, meningitis and seizures
Cont.

10.  Blocks the N-Type calcium channels on the primary
nerves in the spinal cord

12.  Ecteinascidin
 Didemnin B
 Dolastin-10
 Halichondrin B
 Bryostatin-1
 Aplidin (APL)

13.  Expression of silent biosynthetic pathways
 Culturing/cultivating organisms for production
-Supply Issue
-macro and micro-organisms
 Toxicity issues

14.  The marine ecosystem is not only productive to
discover novel entities but it is also a tool to identify
new cellular targets for therapeutic intervention”

15.  Sources for developing potent drug candidates
 In cosmetics
 As nutritional supplements
 As molecular probes that can be supported to increase
the healthy life span of human.

16.  Molinski, T.F.; Dalisay, D.S.; Lievens, S.L.; Saludes,
J.P. Drug development from marine natural
products. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2008, 8, 69–85.
 Montaser, R.; Luesch, H. Marine natural products:
A new wave of drugs? Future Med. Chem. 2011, 3,
1475–1489.