Prinsip dasar terapi cairan dan elektrolit:
Pemahaman tentang anatomi cairan tubuh yang terdiri atas CES dan CIS dengan komposisi elektrolit yang berbeda.
Penambahan/pengurangan cairan dan elektrolit ditujukan untuk mengembalikan volume cairan dan komposisi elektrolit ke batas yang normal.
Pemilihannya didasarkan atas patofisiologi penyakit yang diderita
Keberhasilannya dilihat dari pengamatan hemodinamik dan komposisi elektrolit penderita.
Malignant thyroid tumors is not as common as benign swellings of thyroid. However, you have to rule out the possibility of malignancy in all thyroid swellings.
Optic neuritis is a common presentation of MS. Physicians need to be aware of the typical presentation of ON and also be aware of the atypical signs and features that should incite a search for alternative diagnosis.
Prinsip dasar terapi cairan dan elektrolit:
Pemahaman tentang anatomi cairan tubuh yang terdiri atas CES dan CIS dengan komposisi elektrolit yang berbeda.
Penambahan/pengurangan cairan dan elektrolit ditujukan untuk mengembalikan volume cairan dan komposisi elektrolit ke batas yang normal.
Pemilihannya didasarkan atas patofisiologi penyakit yang diderita
Keberhasilannya dilihat dari pengamatan hemodinamik dan komposisi elektrolit penderita.
Malignant thyroid tumors is not as common as benign swellings of thyroid. However, you have to rule out the possibility of malignancy in all thyroid swellings.
Optic neuritis is a common presentation of MS. Physicians need to be aware of the typical presentation of ON and also be aware of the atypical signs and features that should incite a search for alternative diagnosis.
Avances en la Ecología de las aves del Norte de ChileOGD TUR Tacna
Tema: Algunos avances en la ecología de las aves del Norte de Chile
Autor: Cristián F. Estades
Universidad de Chile, Unión de Ornitólogos de Chile
1er Congreso Internacional de Turismo Ornitologico ITE 2014
Case Study :Rice Grain Varieties each with 4-5 replicates,with their 74 chemical constituents
Functional:-
1. Classification of Rice Varieties
2. Searching for responsible variables explaining total variability among the measurements.
3. Detection of Superior varieties
SANDRI G. La Nutrizione Clinica al S.Eugenio. ASMaD 2017Gianfranco Tammaro
DOTT. GIANCARLO SANDRI - Convegno "Il Presente ed il Futuro della Nutrizione Clinica" - 24/03/2017 - Sala Rita Levi Montalcini - Ospedale S.Eugenio - ROMA
Sito ASMaD: http://www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/O7NcSQjnRR4
GASBARRINI A. Nutrizione Clinica e Gastroenterologia. ASMaD 2017Gianfranco Tammaro
PROF. ANTONIO GASBARRINI - Convegno "Il Presente ed il Futuro della Nutrizione Clinica" - 24/03/2017 - Sala Rita Levi Montalcini - Ospedale S.Eugenio - ROMA
Sito ASMaD: http://www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/FYlsQzE8xfk
PALLAGROSI R. Gli Alimenti a fini medici speciali: nuova definizione e normat...Gianfranco Tammaro
DOTT.SSA ROBERTA PALLAGROSI - Convegno "Il Presente ed il Futuro della Nutrizione Clinica" - 24/03/2017 - Sala Rita Levi Montalcini - Ospedale S.Eugenio - ROMA
Sito ASMaD: http://www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/86dXMRSe6hQ
DE SANTIS D. Il Supporto Nutrizionale in Ospedale: ieri, oggi, domani. ASMaD ...Gianfranco Tammaro
CPSI DANIELA DE SANTIS - Convegno "Il Presente ed il Futuro della Nutrizione Clinica" - 24/03/2017 - Sala Rita Levi Montalcini - Ospedale S.Eugenio - ROMA
Sito ASMaD: http://www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/VhUPt78wU4Y
Giorgetti G.M. Il Supporto Nutrizionale in Ospedale: ieri, oggi, domani. ASMa...Gianfranco Tammaro
DOTT. GIAN MARCO GIORGETTI - Convegno "Il Presente ed il Futuro della Nutrizione Clinica" - 24/03/2017 - Sala Rita Levi Montalcini - Ospedale S.Eugenio - ROMA
Sito ASMaD: http://www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/hDOnIcyTagc
Franceschi F. Il Ruolo del Gastroenterologo nel DEA. ASMaD 2016Gianfranco Tammaro
PROF. FRANCESCO FRANCESCHI - 3° Giornata Master ECM in Gastroenterologia 2016 (25/11/2016) - Fondazione Santa Lucia - Sala Congressi - Roma
Sito: www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/NZzctPkJiGI
Gasbarrini A. Microbiota, Antibiotici e Probiotici in Gastroenterologia. ASMa...Gianfranco Tammaro
PROF. ANTONIO GASBARRINI - 3° Giornata Master ECM in Gastroenterologia 2016 (25/11/2016) - Fondazione Santa Lucia - Sala Congressi - Roma
Sito: www.asmad.net
Canale Youtube: https://youtu.be/ouYcXg_ZtJM
5. BACKGROUND
Nonostante i progressi tecnici in TAC ee rriissoonnaannzzaa mmaaggnneettiiccaa……
MMDDCCTT::
7700%%
ll’’aaccccuurraatteezzzzaa ddiiaaggnnoossttiiccaa iinn lleessiioonnii << 22 ccmm :: EEUUSS 9988%% vvss
Vantaggi della metodica EUS:
1) ottenere immagini ad alta risoluzione in stretta prossimità del
pancrea
2) eseguire prelievi di cellule tramite ago (FNA) da lesioni,
linfonodi, cavità cistiche
MMRRCCPP:: 8855%%
EUS e Pancreas
Sahani DV et al. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008
DeWitt J et al. Ann Int Med 2004
7. Lo studio ecoendoscopico ddeellllaa ppaappiillllaa ddii VVaatteerr
EUS is more accurate than CT and MRCP in
detecting ampullary and periampullary tumors
< 2 cm in diameter (90% vs 70% vs 80%).
8.
9. EUS e micro-LLIITTIIAASSII DDEELL CCOOLLEEDDOOCCOO
EUS vs RMN vs US vs ERCP
RRMMNN## UUSS EERRCCPP EEUUSS
SSeennssiibbiilliittàà** 9900%% 2266%% 9977%% 9977%%
SSppeecciiffiicciittàà 9922%% 110000%% 9955%% 9988%%
AAccccuurraatteezzzzaa** 8888%% 7755%% 9966%% 9988%%
SSuucccceessssoo ddeellll’’eessaammee 9922%% 110000%% 9955%% 110000%%
MMoorrbbiiddiittàà pprroocceedduurraa--rreellaattaa 00 00 33%% 00
* p < 0.001 US vs ERCP o EUS
Liu CL. Gastrointest Endosc 2001
# Paul Fockens et al. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, 2005
15. Lo studio eeccooeennddoossccooppiiccoo ddeell PPAANNCCRREEAASS
IInnvvaassiioonnee vvaassccoollaarree
IInnvvaassiioonnee ee
ccoommpprreessssiioonnee
IInnvvaassiioonnee ffooccaallee
ddeellllaa ppaarreettee
IInnooppeerraabbiillee!!!!!!!!
PPeerrddiittaa ddeellll’’iinntteerrffaacccciiaa
iippeerreeccooggeennaa
16. Accuracy of EUS for N stage:
• Criteria for malignant L-nodes:
1. SIZE (diameter >10mm)
2. Echo Texture (Homogeneous vs
Heterogeneous)
3. Shape (rounded vs elliptical)
4. Nodes demarcation
• None of them, as a single one, is suggestive for malignancy
• When all 4 are present, accuracy increases until 80%
ASGE Gastrointest Endosc 2003
18. EUS in pancreatic lesions
EUS CT hCT
Detection 94-100% 69-85% 73%
T stage
accuracy 82-91% 30-45% 83%
N stage
accuracy 64-82% 50-55%
Vascular
invasion 91-95% 85-88% 64%
Hunt and Faigel. GGaassttrrooiinntteesstt EEnnddoosscc 22000077
19. EEUUSS IINN PPAANNCCRREEAATTIICC CCAANNCCEERR
Evidence-based detection / diagnosis and staging
• Contrast-enhanced multidetector spiral CT to date
togeteher with EUS remains the first staging method
• EUS is higly sensitive for detecting small lesions ( < 2 cm )
• MRI, MRCP, PET/CT and laparoscopy are additional staging
modalities when the resectability is unclear by CT and EUS
Mikl P. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2006
26. EEUUSS:: cceelliiaacc pplleexxuuss nneeuurroollyyssiiss
ADVANTAGES
• Most direct access to celiac plexus
• Real time visualization of target
• Doppler capabilities
27. EEUUSS:: cceelliiaacc pplleexxuuss nneeuurroollyyssiiss tteecchhnniiqquuee
< NEEDLE
- Needle is cleared with 3cc of Saline
- Aspiration test to rule out vessel penetration
- 10 ml (0.25%) bupivacaine, then 10/20ml (98%) ethanol
- Needle flushed with 3cc Saline and removed
< ECHOGENIC CLOUD
28. EEUUSS:: cceelliiaacc pplleexxuuss nneeuurroollyyssiiss
Gunaratnam NT et al. Gastrointest Endosc 2001
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 2 4 8 12 16 20 24
Time (weeks)
Mean Pain
Scores
p<0.0005
n = 66
VVAASS
29. EEUUSS--gguuiiddeedd hheeppaattiiccoo--ggaassttrroossttoommyy
Giovannini M., Endoscopy, 2001
Technique:
It usually involves a direct
transgastric-duodenal EUS
guided puncture followed by
pushing the guide wire
through the papilla in order
to perform a rendez-vous
or …
creating a direct duodenal
fistula
Vado ad illustrare, invece, le caratteristiche tecniche che fanno di questa metodica uo strumento da cui non si puo’ prescindere in materia di coledoclitiasi.
Oltre alla profondità di penetrazione della neoplasia espressa dal T, L’EUS è in grado di valutare la disseminazione ai linfonodi locoregionali con una accuratezza del 75%; i criteri ecoendoscopici tradizionali suggestivi di malignità sono:
Diametro &gt;1cm
Ecostruttura ipoecogena omogenea
Forma rotonda
Margini regolari
Se sono presenti tutte e 4 le caratteristiche l’accuratezza raggiunge l’80%
Quanto detto viene dimostrato nel lavoro di hunt
In cui si domostra chiaramente che
If the PTBD has a morbidity ranged between 15-30 and motality since 5%...surgery has a comprensive mutch more complications.
…therapeutic potential of endoscopic ultrasonography…EUS-guided opacification and drainage of obstructed pancreatic and biliary ducts is a new technique widely described. This usually involves a direct transgastric or transduodenal EUS guided puncture followed by pushing the guide wire through the papilla in order to perform a rendez-vous procedure, or creating a duodenal fistula with stent placement (23-26).
If the PTBD has a morbidity ranged between 15-30 and motality since 5%...surgery has a comprensive mutch more complications.
…therapeutic potential of endoscopic ultrasonography…EUS-guided opacification and drainage of obstructed pancreatic and biliary ducts is a new technique widely described. This usually involves a direct transgastric or transduodenal EUS guided puncture followed by pushing the guide wire through the papilla in order to perform a rendez-vous procedure, or creating a duodenal fistula with stent placement (23-26).