7. Faut-il administrer uunnee hhééppaarriinnee
aavvaanntt dd’’oobbtteenniirr uunn IINNRR eeffffiiccaaccee ??
« TThhee uussee ooff hheeppaarriinn eeaarrllyy aafftteerr pprroosstthheettiicc vvaallvvee rreeppllaacceemmeenntt bbeeffoorree
wwaarrffaarriinn aacchhiieevveess tthheerraappeeuuttiicc lleevveellss iiss ccoonnttrroovveerrssiiaall 11 »
«Although there is no consensus….. intravenous heparin enables effective
anticoagulation to be obtained before the INR rises2 »
« At some centers,anticoagulation is initiated with warfarin as monotherapy so that
Bridging does not even become necessary3 »
Registre Canadien4 : 9 à 16 % des chirurgiens utilisent une anticoagulation
par AVK seuls en post-opératoire
1°) Bonow RO et al. ACC/AHA Guidelines. Circulation 2006;114e : e84-e231.
2°) Vahanian A et al. ESC Guidelines. Eur Heart J 2007; 28 : 230-68
3°)Goldhaber Sl.Circulation 2006; 113 : 470-72
4°) Kulik A et al. J Heart Valve Dis 2006; 15 : 581-7
10. PPaattiieennttss
SSeelleecctteedd :: nn == 669955
EExxcclluuddeedd :: nn == 444455 ::
– VVKKAA ttrreeaammeenntt aallrreeaaddyy ffuullllyy eeffffeeccttiivvee :: 442255
– CCrreeaattiinniinneemmiiaa >>115500 :: nn == 1166
– SSuussppeecctteedd HHIITT :: nn == 44
11. 80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
D 3-5 D 5-10 D 11-15 D 16-20 D 21-25 D > 25
LMWH beginning time
Patients (n)
Patients Included : n = 250
16 ± 11 days after surgery
VKA treatment :
-started before inclusion
n = 190
INR = 1.5± 0.4
-started at inclusion
n = 60
13. TThhrroommbbooeemmbboolliicc rriisskk ffaaccttoorrss
•Age > 70 20.4 %
•Hypertension 40%
•LVEF < 45 % 11.6 %
•Prior ischemic stroke, 12.4 %
•Atrial fibrillation 50 %
•Enlarged LA (LAD > 45 mm) 53.2 %
•Redo cardiac Surgery 19%
•Diabetes 13%
•MVR 13.6%
•DVR 10.4 %
90 % of the patients had at least one risk
factor, 61% two and 24 % three or more