This document provides information about the mango industry of Pakistan. It discusses that mangoes are an important fruit crop in Pakistan, with over 400 varieties grown. The main mango producing regions are Punjab and Sindh provinces. Pakistan is the world's 5th largest mango producer. The document outlines opportunities for Pakistan to expand mango pulp exports to meet growing international demand.

1. Course: Analysis of Pakistani Industries
Course Instructor: Sir Afaq Ali Khan
Mango Processing
Of
Pakistan
Presented by:
M. Shaharyar Saeed
“SM12”

2.  Mangoes are a tropical fruit that have been grown
in India for more than 4000 years.
 Mango trees are considered sacred in India. Each
mango contains one large seed.
 More mangoes are eaten fresh around the world
than any other fruit.

3.  The mango tree, Mangifera Indica, are native to
southeastern Asia, where they have been grown for more
than 4,000 years.
 Mango is an excellent source of vitamins A. B and C and
contains water, proteins, Sugar. fats, fibers
and iron etc.
 Mango cultivation has now spread to many parts of the
tropical and sub-tropical world, where they grow best.

4.  Mangoes were carried to Africa during the 16th
century and later found their way aboard Portuguese
ships to Brazil in the 1700s. Later, in 1742, mangoes
were found growing in the West Indies.
 In 1860, mangoes were successfully introduced to
Florida along the east coast, where only a few
varieties were grown. In 1889, the United States
Department of Agriculture introduced a grafted
variety from India called the "Mulgoa," also known
as "Mulgoba" in the United States.

5.  Pakistan is an agricultural country and production
of fruits is the part and parcel of this sector.
Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) is The king of
fruits and one of the most important fruit crop in
the world as well as in Pakistan.

6.  There are more than 1300 varieties of the mango,
which are cultivated in the Indo-Pak Sub-
continent.
 There are around 400 known varieties of
Mangoes in Pakistan.
 It comes in market early in the May and remains
in market till August/September.

7.  Pakistan is ranked 5th after big producers
i.e., India, China, Thailand and Mexico.
 It’s a tropical, climacteric fruit liked by all due to
its taste, flavour and excellent nutritional
properties.
 It is a delicious fruit being grown in more than
100 countries of the world.

8.  In Pakistan, total area under fruit cultivation is
853.4 thousand hectares with the
production of 7178.8 thousand tones.
 While area under mango cultivation is 171.9
thousand hectares with the production of
1,885.9 thousand tones being the
second major fruit crop of Pakistan.

9.  Today, the annual estimated world over
production of mango is over 25million tones.
 According to an estimate, Pakistan produces
8.5% of world’s mango and mainly exports
to Middle East, Iran, Germany, Japan, China
and Hong Kong making its valuable
contribution as an important foreign currency
earning fruit crop.

10.  Mango export from the country during the
current season of the year 2011-12 has
reached to 130,000 tons as Pakistani
mangoes was introduced in US and Japanese
markets.

11.  Pakistan has a lot of mango varieties, they are
different in appearance, color, sugar content,
acidity and harvest time, by end-use is mainly
divided into two categories one for juice and
other one for eat. Two main verities of
mangoes exports by Pakistan including Sindhri
and Chaunsa, harvest season from May to
September.

12.  Mango is mainly produced in Punjab and
Sindh. Punjab contributes 67 percent whereas
Sindh shares 32 percent to total production.
 Harvesting begins in Sindh in late May and
finishes in Punjb in late August.
 Sindhri is the major variety grown in Sindh
while in Punjab Chaunsa dominates.

13.  Other major varieties grown in Punjab and
Sindh are Began Pali, Langra and Anwar
Retaul. Both Chaunsa and Sindhri are
considered as excellent varieties for industry.
Sindhri has better post harvest attributes in
terms of taste and demand for export markets.

14.  The main field of mango is obtained from District Rahim
Yar Khan, Rahimabad, Jamaldin wali, Sadiqabad, Shaikh
Wahan, Mianwali Qureshan Zahirpur, Bagho Bahar,
Tirandah Mohammad Panah of district Rahim Yar Khan
are very famous for mango production.
 Whereas, Hyderabad, Tandojam, Tando Allahyar, Tando
Jan Muhammad, Digri, Nawab Shah, Naushero Feroz,
Khairpur Mirus, Ghotki, Bahawalpur, Shuja abad,
MuzzaffarGarh, KoatAddu, Khanewal, Sahiwal, Vihari,
Okara, Faisalabad, Jhang, Toba Tek Singh and Sargodha
are also very famous for mango production.

15.  Major export markets of Pakistani mango include
Dubai, Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Kingdom,
Kuwait, Bahrain, France and Germany,
contributing about 41, 16, 11, 10, 3, 2, 1 and 0.90
percent of total mango exports from Pakistan,
respectively.

16.  These markets collectively contribute 85
percent of total mango export from Pakistan.
 So Gulf and Saudi Arabia are traditional export
markets and consume major volume of
Pakistan’s mango exports whereas England is
the major market in Europe.

17. Pakistan Sindri & Chausa
India Alphonso
Mexico Tony Atkins
Mali Amelie
Kenya Carahao
Philippines Pico
West Indies Julie
South Africa Kent

18. SindhSindh PunjabPunjab NWFP NWFP BalochistanBalochistan
Sindhri Sindhri
Gulabkhas Gulabkhas
SwarnariceSwarnarice
BaganpalliBaganpalli
CollectorCollector
Neelum Neelum
ChaunsaChaunsa
Malda LangraMalda Langra
Aman Aman
DuseriDuseri
Anwar Ratol Anwar Ratol
Samer bahisht Samer bahisht
Fajri Fajri
Kalan Kalan
Lengra Lengra
Samer Bahisht Samer Bahisht
SindhriSindhri
BanganpalliBanganpalli

20. Rank Country Production (MT)
1 India 10,800,000
2 China 3,673,000
3 Thailand 1,800,000
4 Pakistan 1,673,900
5 Mexico 1,503,010
6 Indonesia 1,478,204
7 Philippines 950,000
8 Brazil 850,000
9 Nigeria 730,000
10 Egypt 380,000

21. Rank Country Production (MT)
11 Vietnam 320,000
12 Peru 268,000
13 Haiti 260,000
14 Bangladesh 243,000
15 Cuba 230,000
16 Madagascar 210,000
17
Democratic Republic
of Congo 203,270
18 Tanzania 200,000
19 Sudan 195,000
20 Guatemala 187,000

22. The Hot Water Treatment Plant

23.  The Pakistan has become world’s first country
having the Mango Processing Plant established in
Karachi where the mango could be processed
within 65 minutes providing it 48 degrees
centigrade temperature.
 The plant has a capacity to process 10 tons of
mangoes per hour in accordance with the USDA
(United States Department of Agriculture)
standards.

24. PRODUCTION AND EXPORT OF FRUITS
Fiscal Citrus Mango
Year
1990-91 1,609 776
1991-92 1,630 787
1992-93 1,665 794
1993-94 1,849 839
1994-95 1,933 884
1995-96 1,960 908
1996-97 2,003 915
1997-98 2,037 917
1998-99 1,862 916
1999-00 1,943 938
2000-01 1,898 990
2001-02 1,830 1,037
2002-03 1,702 1,035
2003-04 1,760 1,056
2004-05 1,944 1,671
2005-06 2,458 1,754
2006-07 1,472 1,719
2007-08 2,294 1,754
2008-09 2,132 1,728
2009-10 2,150 1,846
2010-11 1,982 1,888
2011-12 P 1,832 1,699
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)
Production of Important Fruit (000 tonnes)
Apple Banana Apricot Almonds Grapes
243
295
339
442
533
554
569
573
589
377
439
367
315
334
352
351
348
442
441
366
526
827
202
44
52
53
80
82
83
94
95
125
139
150
143
175
148
164
151
158
157
155
139
99
81
109
122
153
178
191
188
189
191
121
126
125
130
211
205
197
177
240
238
194
190
187
32
38
40
45
49
49
49
49
50
32
33
26
24
24
23
23
23
27
26
22
21
21
33
36
38
40
43
72
74
74
76
40
51
53
52
51
49
49
47
75
76
65
64
64
Guava
Export
(000 Value
tonnes) (Mln. Rs)
355 112 935
373 125 966
384 121 1,179
402 127 1,324
420 139 1,256
442 135 1,487
448 219 2,776
455 202 2,793
468 181 2,773
494 240 4,130
526 260 4,575
539 290 5,084
532 263 4,815
550 354 5,913
571 281 5,408
552 455 7,508
555 343 6,894
539 411 9,085
512 469 12,519
509 687 20,094
547 669 25,017
527 493 24,520
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

25. 2010-11 111.9 59.2 0.3 0.5
MANGO
Year Punjab Sindh KPK Balochistan Pakistan
(Area '000' hectares)
1993-94
1994-95
2-Years'Avg:
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
5-Years'Avg:
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
5-Years'Avg:
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
5-Years'Avg:
45.3
47.8
46.6
48.0
48.1
48.2
48.4
48.4
48.2
49.5
50.7
54.0
54.3
100.6
61.8
104.9
112.1
112.3
112.4
112.3
110.8
37.8
38.7
38.3
39.5
40.3
42.5
42.9
43.5
41.7
45.0
45.8
46.5
47.1
49.2
46.7
50.0
50.7
52.1
55.8
59.5
53.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.4
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.3
2.3
2.0
1.4
1.4
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.4
84.8
88.3
86.6
89.5
90.4
92.8
93.5
94.1
92.1
97.0
99.0
102.8
103.1
151.5
110.7
156.6
164.5
166.2
170.1
173.7
166.2
171.9

26. MANGO
Year Punjab Sindh KPK Balochistan Pakistan
(Production '000' tonnes)
1993-94
1994-95
2-Years'Avg:
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
5-Years'Avg:
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
5-Years'Avg:
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
5-Years'Avg:
2010-11
550.2
581.4
565.8
598.8
602.4
586.2
582.8
603.8
594.8
634.9
650.3
684.2
707.8
1311.9
797.8
1391.8
1356.6
1373.1
1324.9
1455.7
1380.4
1503.2
274.4
285.3
279.9
291.7
293.5
311.9
314.6
320.7
306.5
340.3
371.5
335.9
338.4
349.6
347.1
352.4
353.4
368.1
390.5
379.0
368.7
381.3
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
3.2
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.2
3.4
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.7
0.3
12.7
14.9
13.8
15.1
16.4
16.4
16.7
10.9
15.1
12.3
12.8
11.3
6.6
6.5
9.9
6.5
5.8
8.5
8.5
6.9
7.2
1.1
839.3
883.7
861.5
907.8
914.5
916.8
916.4
937.7
918.6
989.8
1037.1
1034.6
1055.9
1671.2
1157.7
1753.9
1719.2
1753.7
1727.9
1845.5
1760.0
1885.9

27.  Mango pulp is used for
making mango drinks,
milk shakes, juices
and beverages and is
used in the food
industry and homes for
various applications.

28.  There is a growing demand of mango pulp in
local and international markets. Estimated size of
export market of mango pulp is over thousands
of tons. India is the largest supplier of mango
pulp catering to about two thirds of global
demand. International market of mango pulp has
been on a rise during the past years.
 Pakistan is an important exporter of mangoes in
the international market but it is not recognized
as an important supplier of mango pulp.

29.  Quality of the pulps made from Sindhri and
Chanusa varieties are comparable to the pulp of
Anfonso mango which is exported by India.
 Fruit pulp is the raw material for making ready-
to-drinks and juices. Local market for fruit
drinks and juices has grown at very high rates
during the past years.

30.  The market size of
Juice, Nectars and
Still Drinks for the
year 2009 was 461
million liters.
Overall market
growth from 2005
to 2009 was
recorded at 126%.
Pakistan’s JNSD
market sizes from
2005 to 2009 are
shown in the
following figure.

32.  India controls 70 per cent of the total international
mango pulp market of 350,000 tons. In addition
to the problem created by the Middle East
situation, India’s reduction of prices by $200 per
ton has also sidelined Pakistan.
 The pulp was exported at $800 to $850 per ton
last year. However, this year Pakistani exporters
are facing difficulties in competing with India
because of better yield and facilities provided by
the Indian government to its exporters.

33.  Dried mango is
an important
value added
product; made by
dehydrating
mango slices or
mango pulp.

34.  Dried mango products are popular in the world. There
are different types of products available in this
category. Dried mango is made by cutting mango
slices and drying those in solar and/or fuel fired
dehydrators.
 There is demand of this product in local market also;
which is shown by its sale in large retail stores in the
major cities of the country. Test marketing of dried
mango products was also carried out by a small facility
in Tando Allahyar Sindh; and the results were very
positive.

35.  Pakistan is a large mango producer in the world.
Almost all types of value added products of mango are
made in Pakistan; including pulp, juice, drink, chutney,
pickle, murabbas, etc. However, dried mango products
are not made in Pakistan.
 There is only one research scale facility in Sindh which
is engaged in making this product. The facility is
situated in Nawazabad Farm in Tando Allahyar, Sindh.

36. Mango Pickle Mango Murabba
Mango Chips
Aam Papri
Mango Juice Mango Nector Mango Jam
Mango Jelly

37. Process flow for making dried mango slices is
presented below:

38.  Mangos are an excellent source of Vitamins A and C, as well as
a good source of Potassium and contain beta carotene.
 Mangos are high in fiber, but low in calories (approx. 110 per
average sized mango), fat (only 1 gram) and sodium.
 Mangoes really can make you feel better, rich in vitamins, anti-
oxidants & minerals. Mangos contain an enzyme with stomach
soothing properties similar found in
papayas. These comforting enzymes act as a digestive aid and
can be held partially responsible for that feeling of
contentment.

40.  MANGO HOPPER
 MANGO MEALYBUG
 MANGO SCALES
 MANGO MIDGE
 MANGO THRIPS
 MANGO BARK BEETLE

41.  Though out the year
first out break in
Feb –April.
 Damage to fruit
yield may be as high
as 60 per cent.
 More active
practically during
spring &monsoon
season.

42.  Only the nymphs &
wingless females
are destructive &
suck plant juice ,
causing tender
shoots and flowers
todry up.
 The young fruits
also become
juiceless and drop
off.
 No fruits are set
when early
infestation is
serious on

43.  About 27 species
of scale insects
attack mango.
 These insects
differ from other
insects in shape .
 Life cycle is
completed in 31-
35 days with upto
10 generation in
year.
 Flower spikes and
fruits may also be
infested.

44.  Bactocera
zonatus attack
up to 97% and
B.dorsalis
damage the
fruit up to 3%.
 Fruit flies are
most active in
garden when
temperature
is25-30 C and
become inactive

45.  The mango gall midge
or mango blesster
midge is a major pest
destroying
inflorescence up to
70% of fruit set . Eggs
normally laid in folds
between sepal and
petals of flowers.
 Larval feeding
prevents flower
opening and
consequently also
development.

46.  The mango
trunk beetle
can be found in
trunk all
branches as
well as root .
 Adults generally
appear in hot
weather.
 Full grown larva
is a stout,
yellowish-white,
fleshy grub.

48.  Varieties like “Chaunsa” mango are recognized
as one of the best varieties.
 Pakistan is included among the top ten mango
producing countries in the world.
 Priority fruit crop supported by major programs
 Availability of raw material (mangoes) with a
consistent growth in production.
 Availability of farm labor and technical expertise.

49.  Irregular & inconsistent supply of quality fruits
 Short storage life and inadequate post harvest
facilities
 Non availability of cold storage and reefer
container facilities at airports & seaports
 -Limited air space and high freight costs

50.  Prospective markets within geographic
proximity i.e., Middle Eastern countries.
 Domestic competition level is moderate for a
modern processing unit.
 Presence of premium domestic markets.
 Lower tariff imposed by importing countries
under GATT and by EU countries.
 Expansion opportunity in new markets like Far
East and Central Asia.

51.  Competition from other mango producing
countries.
 Trade protectionism, which may be applied by
countries due to “fruit/white fly virus etc.
 Ruthless competition amongst local exporters.
 Trade restriction if imposed by the importing
countries.