This document summarizes information about mango malformation disease. It is caused by the fungus Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans. The disease causes significant economic losses by reducing mango yields by 50-80%. It affects the floral structures and causes deformities. Symptoms include bunchy tops, malformed flowers that remain unopened, and stunted seedling growth. Integrated disease management approaches include pruning, using disease-free planting materials, and applying fungicides like Trichoderma species or cyclohexamide.

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
MANGO MALFORMATION
Student: Course teacher:
Anju Krishna S Dr. Parthasarathy. S
2015021009 Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)

2. Host : Mango
Disease : Mango Malformation
Pathogen: Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans
(Wollenw & Reink)

3. SIGNIFICANCE
•Malformation is the most threatening malady that causes
great economic loss and limits the mango production in
India and tropical -subtropical countries.
•Floral malformation, in contrast to vegetative one, is very
virulent and yields can be reduced by as much as 50-80%.
•The damage per affected tree may vary from 50-80% and
in severe cases the loss may be almost total.

4. • Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh where almost 50%
plants were affected, whereas in eastern Uttar
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
and Tamil Nadu the incidence was hardly 10%.
• A disorder causing deformation and blackening of the
panicles and swelling of vegetative buds. With gall
formation is reported for the first time from Florida.

5. SYMPTOMS
3 Types
Bunchy top phase
Floral malformation
Vegetative malformation

6. BUNCHY TOP PHASE
o Nursery bunching of thickened small shoots,
bearing small rudimentally leaves.
o Shoots remain short and stunted giving a bunchy
top appearance.

7. VEGETATIVE MALFORMATION
 Commonly found on young seedlings.
 Characterized by disrupting of apical growth
resulting in several small flushes.
 Quite short internodes at the apical ends of various
branches.
 Shoots bear small leafy structures.

8.  The multi- branching of shoot apex with scaly
leaves is known as “bunchy top” or “witche’s
broom”.
 Malformed seedlings remain stunted and die.

9. ©www.plant-heath-pests and diseases

10. FLORAL MALFORMATION
The primary, secondary & tertiary rachises become
short, thickened & hypertrophied.
Panicles are greener and heavier with increased
crowded branches.
Panicles have numerous flowers that remain unopened
and are predominantly male flowers.

12. PATHOGEN CYCLE

13. EPIDEMOLOGY
• Low temp at the time of flowering was related
with the intensity of malformation.
• Severity of disease vary from year to year.
Tree once affected cannot escape in the
subsequent years.
• Disease planting material helps in spreading of
disease.

14. IDM
PHYSICAL METHOD
1) Pruning:
Pruning the malformed branches and application of
capton (0.1%) help in controlling the disease.
2) Diseased plant should be destroyed.
3) Use of disease free planting material.

15. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
• Trichoderma viride, T. virens, T. harzianum are
used against malformation.
• Best result was obtained from T. harzianum
followed by T.virens & T. viride.

16. CHEMICAL CONTROL
1) Deblossoming:
Deblossoming at bud burst stage, spraying of 200
ppm NAA was reported to be effective in
malformation.
Application of cyclohexamide at 250 ppm is
effective.