1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
Banana bunchy top
Student Course teacher
B. Saran Kumar Dr.Parthasarathy.S
2015021022 Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology)
2. Name of disease
Common names : Banana bunchy top.
Other names : Bunchy top or Curly top or
cabbage top or strangles disease.
3. Banana bunchy top
• Bunchy top virus or Banana virus – 1 or Musa virus-1
• First reported from Fiji in 1889 in Cavendish varieties
• Around 1940, introduced into India from Srilanka
through cyclone.
• Banana bunchy top virus is a ss DNA virus with
single isometric particles.
4. Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV)
Virus classification
Group : Group II (ssDNA)
Family : Nanoviridae
Genus : Babuvirus
Species : Banana bunchy top virus
5. Occurrence
• World : Asia, Africa, Australia and South Pacific
areas.
• India : Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra
pradesh.
Inventor: Fiji (1889).
Hosts: Banana.
6. Economic Importance
• Banana bunchy top disease is the most serious virus
disease of banana world wide.
• Diseased plants rarely produce fruit and when they
do, the fruit is stunted and twisted. it is edible.
• The banana bunchy top disease has had a huge impact
on the banana industry in Hawaii and Australia and
among other areas of the world.
7. • The disease was first seen on the Hawaiian island of
Oahu in 1989 and by 2002, only 13 years later, it was
a major disease on four of the Hawaiian islands
(Hawaii, Oahu, Kauai and Maui).
• The movement of BBTV was mostly facilitated by
human movement of diseased plant material and
banana aphids from island to island. In the 1920s it
almost completely destroyed the banana growing
industry in Australia.
8. Symptoms
• Prominent dark green streaks on the petioles and midrib along
the leaf veins.
• Green streaks range from a series of dark green dots to a
continuous dark green line (Morse code).
• Marginal chlorosis and curling of leaves.
• Petioles fail to elongate.
• Leaves are reduced in size, chlorotic, stand upright and
become brittle and are crowded at the top (Bunchy top) and
shoe dark green streaks with ‘J hook’ shape near the midrib.
15. TRANSMISSION OF BBTV
• BBTV can spread from one plantation to the next by
means of infected planting material and between
plants with the Banana aphid, Pentalonia
nigronervosa (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
• The immature aphid stages are small, reddish-brown
to almost black, oval shaped, and wingless.
18. Identification of pathogen:
• The virus is an isometric particle measure 20nm in
diameter.
• It is ssDNA virus belonging to Nanoviridae family
and Babuvirus genus.
• The virus has multi component genome
• There are six circular single stranded genomes known
to be established.
• The virus concentration is more present in phloem.
• It is transmitted by infected suckers and banana aphid
20. Disease cycle
• Primary spread : Through infected plant suckers.
• S. I. By Banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa
• Reservoir hosts: Cucumus sativus, C. melo,
Catharanthus roseus, Gynura aurantiaca, Colocasia
esculenta, Amomum subulatum and Elettaria
cardamom.
21. Management
Cultural method:
• Adaptation of strict quarantine measures.
• Use virus free planting materials.
• Remove and rouging of infected banana plants.
• Chop, dry and bury the infected plants.
• Maintain clean, weed free field for early detection of
infested suckers.
• Avoid banana cultivation in sugarcane and
cucurbitaceous areas as sugarcane mosaic virus or
cucurbit mosaic virus can easily spread to banana.
22. Chemical method
• Vector control with systemic insecticides, viz.,
Phosphomidon @ 1ml/ l or Methyl demeton @ 2 ml/
l.
• Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran,
Imidacloprid, Thiacloprid @ 2ml/l.
• Eradication of all infected suckers by spraying with
kerosene or by injecting herbicide, 2, 4-D.
