This document discusses whether management is an art or a science. It outlines the key elements of art as involving personal skill, practical knowledge, a result-oriented approach, and creativity developed through regular practice. Science is defined as a systematized body of knowledge acquired through observation and experimentation that can be verified. The principles of science are exact, have universal applicability, and establish cause-and-effect relationships. While art focuses on knowing how, science focuses on knowing why. The document concludes that management has elements of both art and science, and that the two approaches complement each other, so management should not be considered purely one or the other.

1. By: Fayeza Dilnaaz & Sadiya Moosa
P.O.M Presentation
Dated:01.10.2015

2.  The controversy with regard to the nature of management as to whether it is an Art
or Science is very old and has created a lot of confusion.
 The learning of art involves its continuous practice while learning of science involves
assimilation of principles.

3.  Art is the ability or skill associated to do a particular task.
 The main elements of art are:-
Personal skill
Practical knowledge
Result-oriented approach
Regular practice
Creativity
Management as an Art

4.  The word science literally means knowledge .
 It is a systematized body of knowledge acquired by mankind through
observation and experimentation which is capable of verification.
 The essential features of science are:-
Management as a Science
It is a systematized body of
knowledge that uses scientific
methods for observation.
It is a systematized body of
knowledge that uses scientific
methods for observation.

5. The principles are evolved on the basis of continued observation.
The principles are exact and have universal applicability without any limitation.
The principles establish a cause and effect relationship between various factors.
The validity of scientific principles can be verified and they provide a reliable basis
for predicting future events.

6. The basic
difference
between art and
science is that
art implies
knowing, how
the application,
whereas science
is concerned
with knowing,
why ?
Basic
Differen
ce

7.  Management has elements of both
art and science. It may not be
proper to term it pure science or
pure art. In fact, it is a science as
well as art because science and
arts are both complimentary to
each other. It may be concluded
that there is no hard and fast line
between art and science of
management.
Conclusi
on