Malware refers to malicious software like viruses, worms, and trojans. Viruses propagate by infecting other programs and spread when an infected program is run. Worms propagate without human interaction by exploiting vulnerabilities. Trojans appear desirable but are malicious, and must be run by the user. Malware spreads through websites, email attachments, links, and removable media. Anti-malware software uses signatures and behavior analysis to detect and remove malware through scanning, detection, and removal.
In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users, such as to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet - Wikipedia
In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users, such as to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet - Wikipedia
Vulnerabilities in modern web applicationsNiyas Nazar
Microsoft powerpoint presentation for BTech academic seminar.This seminar discuses about penetration testing, penetration testing tools, web application vulnerabilities, impact of vulnerabilities and security recommendations.
details of tools and methods used in cyber crime & how to protect your system from crimes...
detail study of password cracking, Denial of service, DDoS, steganography, keylogger, proxy server, phishing etc..
malware, types of malware, virus, trojans, worm, rootkit, ransomware, malware protection, malware protection laws India, how malware works, history of malware
denial-of-service (DoS) attack floods a server with traffic, making a website or resource unavailable. A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is a DoS attack that uses multiple computers or machines to flood a targeted resource. Both types of attacks overload a server or web application with the goal of interrupting services.
As the server is flooded with more Transmission Control Protocol/User Datagram Protocol (TCP/UDP) packets than it can process, it may crash, the data may become corrupted, and resources may be misdirected or even exhausted to the point of paralyzing the system.
Internet security is a branch of computer security specifically involving browser security but also network security on a more general level.
Contents:
Intro...
Need..
Security Related Threats
-Hijacked web servers
-Denial-of-Service Attacks
-Cross Site Scripting
-Trap Doors
-Email Spoofing
Conclusions...
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
Vulnerabilities in modern web applicationsNiyas Nazar
Microsoft powerpoint presentation for BTech academic seminar.This seminar discuses about penetration testing, penetration testing tools, web application vulnerabilities, impact of vulnerabilities and security recommendations.
details of tools and methods used in cyber crime & how to protect your system from crimes...
detail study of password cracking, Denial of service, DDoS, steganography, keylogger, proxy server, phishing etc..
malware, types of malware, virus, trojans, worm, rootkit, ransomware, malware protection, malware protection laws India, how malware works, history of malware
denial-of-service (DoS) attack floods a server with traffic, making a website or resource unavailable. A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is a DoS attack that uses multiple computers or machines to flood a targeted resource. Both types of attacks overload a server or web application with the goal of interrupting services.
As the server is flooded with more Transmission Control Protocol/User Datagram Protocol (TCP/UDP) packets than it can process, it may crash, the data may become corrupted, and resources may be misdirected or even exhausted to the point of paralyzing the system.
Internet security is a branch of computer security specifically involving browser security but also network security on a more general level.
Contents:
Intro...
Need..
Security Related Threats
-Hijacked web servers
-Denial-of-Service Attacks
-Cross Site Scripting
-Trap Doors
-Email Spoofing
Conclusions...
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
Malware and Anti-Malware Seminar by Benny CzarnyOPSWAT
Benny Czarny presented an introduction to malware and anti-malware to computer science students at San Francisco State University. The presentation introduced the concept of malware, types of malware, and methods for detecting malware. Benny provided examples of historical malware and illustrations of the difficulties that security vendors face in detecting threats.
What is malware? How can I protect myself against malware on my computer? Helpful tips and information about computer Viruses, Worms, Trojans, Ransomware, Scareware, Spyware, Adware and Phishing mails.
There are many steps to protect you pc from any type of Malware.you can use these steps to protect your pc and avoiding getting slow, corruption of application software and other types of problem.
This report details various security vulnerabilities facing organisations that are connected to the Internet. It focuses primarily on Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, providing an understanding of how these types of attacks are carried out and outlines the current technological resources available to provide countermeasures to DoS attacks. The recommendations provided at the end of the report allow organisations to gain the ability to minimise the harmful impact that DoS attacks can inflict upon their business.
Wordpress malware - What is it and how to protect your website.Owen Cutajar
Presentation given at Wordcamp London 2017 to raise awareness of Wordpress malware, what it's all about and best practice to prevent sites being sompromised
This Presentation explains about Firewalls, Viruses and Antiviruses. I hope this presentation may help you in understanding about Viruses, Firewall and Antiviruses Software.
Training on July 16, 2017.
This training is the compressed version of Malware Engineering & Crafting.
In this training, we will talk about malware as well as crafting the simple working malware. The goal of this session is to understanding malware internal so one can have tactics to combat it.
2017-07-16
A training for learning the internal of malware.
This version is the compressed version of Malware Engineering & Crafting.
We talk about malware as well as crafting the simple working malware. The goal of this session is to understand malware internal so one can have tactics to combat it.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
3. What is Malware?
Program or code
• Made up of two words
“Malicious” + “Software”.
• 'Malware' is an umbrella term
used to refer to a variety of
forms of hostile or intrusive
software, including
• viruses, worms, trojan
horses, spyware, adware
etc.
4. The purpose of Malware
• To subject the user to advertising
5. The purpose of Malware
• To launch DDoS on another service
6. The purpose of Malware
• To spread spam.
• To commit fraud, such as
identity theft
• For kicks (vandalism), and to
spread
FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt)
• . . . and perhaps other
reasons
9. What exactly is a Virus?
Virus propagates by infecting other
programs
• It attaches itself to other programs or
file.
• But to propagate a human has to run
an infected program.
• A term mistakenly applied to trojans
and worms.
• Self-propagating viruses are often called
worms
10. • Many propagation methods
• Insert a copy into every executable
(.COM, .EXE)
• Insert a copy into boot sectors of
disks
• Infect common OS routines, stay in
memory
11. First Virus: Creeper
Written in 1971
Infected DEC PDP-10
machines running TENEX OS
Jumped from machine to machine over ARPANET
copied its state over, tried to delete old copy
Payload: displayed a message
“I’m the creeper, catch me if you can!”
Later, Reaper was written to hunt down Creeper
12. Types of Viruses
Parasitic Virus - attaches itself to executable files as
part of their code. Runs whenever the host program
runs.
Memory-resident Virus - Lodges in main memory as
part of the residual operating system.
Boot Sector Virus - infects the boot sector of a disk,
and spreads when the operating system boots up
(original DOS viruses).
Stealth Virus - explicitly designed to hide from Virus
Scanning programs.
Polymorphic - Virus - mutates with every new host to
prevent signature detection.
13. Virus Phases
Dormant - waits for a trigger to start replicating
Propagation - copies itself into other programs of the
same type on a computer. Spreads when the user
shares a file with another computer. Usually searches a
file for it’s own signature before infecting.
Triggering - starts delivering payload. Sometimes
triggered on a certain date, or after a certain time after
infection.
Execution - payload function is done. Perhaps it put a
funny message on the screen, or wiped the hard disk
clean. It may become start the first phase over again.
14. Okay, So Then What’s a Worm?
Similar to a virus, but propagates itself without human
interaction.
15. Six Components of Worms
1) Reconnaissance
2) Specific Attacks
3) Command Interface
4) Communication Mechanisms
5) Intelligence Capabilities
6) Unused and Non-attack Capabilities
21. Worm Propagation
Back-Chaining Propagation
The Cheese worm is an example of this type of
propagation where the attacking computer initiates a file
transfer to the victim computer. After initiation, the
attacking computer can then send files and any payload
over to the victim without intervention. Then the victim
becomes the attacking computer in the next cycle with a
new victim. This method of propagation is more reliable
then central source because central source data can be cut
off.
22. Worm Propagation
Central Source Propagation
This type of propagation involves a central location
where after a computer is infected it locates a source
where it can get code to copy into the compromised
computer then after it infects the current computer it
finds the next computer and then everything starts over
again. And example of the this kind of worm is the 1i0n
worm.
23. Worm Propagation
Autonomous Propagation
Autonomous worms attack the victim
computer and insert the attack instructions
directly into the processing space of the victim
computer which results in the next attack
cycle to initiate without any additional file
transfer. Code Red is an example of this type
of worm. The original Morris worm of 1988
was of this nature as well.
24. Yeah, but what’s a Trojan?
A small program that is designed to appear
desirable but is in fact malicious
Must be run by the user
Do not replicate themselves
Used to take over a computer, or steal/delete data
Good Trojans will not:
alert the user
alter the way their computer works
25. TROJANS
Trojan Horses can install backdoors, perform malicious scanning, monitor
system logins and other malicious activities.
Majority of modern trojan horses are backdoor utilities
Sub Seven
Netbus
Back Orifice
Feature set usually includes remote control, desktop viewing, http/ftp server,
file sharing, password collecting, port redirection
Some of these trojan horses can be used as legitimate remote
administration tools
Other trojans are mostly programs that steal/delete data or can drop viruses
26. HOW MALWARE SPREADS…
Just by visiting seemingly harmless website. DRIVE BY
DOWNLOAD.
By mails, attachments, links.
By physical media.
Software vulnerabilities or bugs.
28. ANTI-MALWARE
Softwares developed to combat all types of Malwares.
Are they different from Anti-Viruses?
Viruses were extremely “popular” in the ‘90s, which is when the
term “Antivirus” became common.
but today viruses are the minority when it comes to malware.
So, nearly all anti-virus provides security from most of the
malwares.
29. So the difference…
ANTI-VIRUS
usually deals with the older,
more established threats, such
as Trojans, viruses, and worms
protects users from lingering,
predictable-yet-still-dangerous
malware.
best at crushing malware
you might contract from a
traditional source, like a USB
or an email attachment
ANTI-MALWARE
typically focuses on newer stuff,
such as polymorphic malware and
malware delivered by zero-day
exploits
protects users from the latest,
currently in the wild, and even
more dangerous threats.
updates its rules faster than
antivirus, meaning that it's the
best protection against new
malware you might encounter
while surfing the net
31. Anti-Malware Engine
Scanning
• Monitor and examines various locations on computer like
hard disk, registry.
• If change has been made to a critical component, it could
be sign of infection
Detection
• Matching with the definition list.
• Classifying as appropriate type such as virus, spyware or
Trojans.
Removal
32.
33. Common challenges…
RootKits
• Program that can hide files, registry entries, network traffic, or
other information.
• Kernel mode rootkit could tamper with operating system at
lowest level.
Blended Threats
• Combined characteristics of viruses, worms and spyware.
Performance
• Maintaining high level performance on machine is critical.
Classification
• Understand the nature of threat.
• Wide variety of nature and context make it difficult to manage.
34. Two Approaches of Scanning
1.Specific Scanning
• signature detection
• the application scans files to look for known viruses
matching definitions in a “dictionary”.
• after recognizing the malicious software the antivirus
software can take one of the following actions:
1. attempt to repair the file by removing the virus itself from
the file.
2. quarantine the file.
3. or delete the file completely.
35. Generic Scanning
Generic scanning is also referred to as the suspicious
behavior approach.
Used when new malware appear.
In this method the software does not look for a specific
signature but instead monitors the behavior of all
applications.
if anything questionable is found by the software the
application is quarantined and a warning is broadcasted to
the user about what the program may be trying to do.
36. Generic Scanning
if the software is found to be a virus the user can send it to
a virus vendor
researchers examine it, determine its signature, name and
catalogue it and release antivirus software to stop its
spread.
37. Two Other Approaches
Heuristic analysis
another form of generic scanning
The sandbox method
38. Heuristic Analysis
software tries to emulate the beginning of the code
of each new executable that the system invokes
before transferring control to that executable.
if the program attempts to use self-modifying code
or appears to be a virus, it’s assumed the virus has
infected the executable.
there are many false positives in this approach.
39. Sandboxing
in this approach an antivirus program will take
suspicious code and run it in a “virtual machine” to
see the purpose of the code and exactly how the
code works.
after the program is terminated the software
analyzes the sandbox for any changes, which
might indicate a virus.