The document summarizes the overhauling of Circulating Water Pump-A that took place from November 27, 2011 to December 1, 2011. It details the dismantling and inspection process where several worn parts including casing wear rings and impeller wear rings were found and replaced. Clearances and shaft run-outs were measured and found within specifications. The pump was then reassembled with new parts and grease applied. A final inspection confirmed the discharge bowl was properly seated with no gaps.
This document is a maintenance report for a condensate extraction pump from January 19-24, 2012. It details the disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of the pump. Key activities included replacing worn bearing bushes and sleeves, measuring clearances, and commissioning the pump after reassembly. The report provides technical specifications and ensures proper documentation of the maintenance work.
Circulating Water Pump Overhauling Report (Capacity- 29,000 m3/hr)Shah Jalal
The pump suction is from river water to discharge to water boxes of steam condenser. It’s a vertical shaft, 2,100 discharge bore mixed flow pump. It’s driven by an 1650 KW vertically mounted motor with a rated full load rpm of 372. Rated flow rate of the pump is 29,000 m3/hr
The document provides information on the commissioning process for a boiler. It involves several key steps: air leakage and hydro testing, ensuring boiler auxiliaries are ready, gas distribution testing, light up of the boiler, alkali boil-out and passivation to clean the boiler, steam blowing of piping, safety valve testing, and finally coal firing. The commissioning aims to make the boiler and its systems available for safe, smooth, and reliable operation after erection is completed.
This document summarizes Schaeffer Precision Alignment's laser tracker services for inspecting steam turbines. They have experience inspecting hydro, gas, and steam turbines for over 260 clients. Their laser tracker technology allows precise inspection and alignment of individual turbine components. Inspections can locate components, monitor movement over time, and ensure reinstallation within tight tolerances. Schaeffer Precision Alignment provides a comprehensive solution for precision turbine maintenance and inspection.
The document discusses the HP/LP bypass system used in thermal power stations. The bypass system allows live steam from the boiler to bypass the turbine and be dumped into the condenser. This allows the boiler to continue operating during turbine trips or startup before the turbine is up to temperature. It comprises HP and LP bypass valves, spray valves, and other components. The bypass system cuts startup time, allows boiler operation during trips, and helps match boiler and turbine temperatures for efficient operation.
This document is a maintenance report for a condensate extraction pump from January 19-24, 2012. It details the disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of the pump. Key activities included replacing worn bearing bushes and sleeves, measuring clearances, and commissioning the pump after reassembly. The report provides technical specifications and ensures proper documentation of the maintenance work.
Circulating Water Pump Overhauling Report (Capacity- 29,000 m3/hr)Shah Jalal
The pump suction is from river water to discharge to water boxes of steam condenser. It’s a vertical shaft, 2,100 discharge bore mixed flow pump. It’s driven by an 1650 KW vertically mounted motor with a rated full load rpm of 372. Rated flow rate of the pump is 29,000 m3/hr
The document provides information on the commissioning process for a boiler. It involves several key steps: air leakage and hydro testing, ensuring boiler auxiliaries are ready, gas distribution testing, light up of the boiler, alkali boil-out and passivation to clean the boiler, steam blowing of piping, safety valve testing, and finally coal firing. The commissioning aims to make the boiler and its systems available for safe, smooth, and reliable operation after erection is completed.
This document summarizes Schaeffer Precision Alignment's laser tracker services for inspecting steam turbines. They have experience inspecting hydro, gas, and steam turbines for over 260 clients. Their laser tracker technology allows precise inspection and alignment of individual turbine components. Inspections can locate components, monitor movement over time, and ensure reinstallation within tight tolerances. Schaeffer Precision Alignment provides a comprehensive solution for precision turbine maintenance and inspection.
The document discusses the HP/LP bypass system used in thermal power stations. The bypass system allows live steam from the boiler to bypass the turbine and be dumped into the condenser. This allows the boiler to continue operating during turbine trips or startup before the turbine is up to temperature. It comprises HP and LP bypass valves, spray valves, and other components. The bypass system cuts startup time, allows boiler operation during trips, and helps match boiler and turbine temperatures for efficient operation.
Boiler feed and pump sizing c-b and grundfos july 2016(1)lorenzo Monasca
Presentacion realizada por la empresa Cleaver Brooks y Grundfos
Pasos a seguir de como seleccionar una bomba de agua de alimentacion a una caldera de media presion.
The document provides instructions for erecting pressure parts for a conventional 250 MW boiler. It outlines the sequence and key steps, which include erecting 3850 MT of boiler structure first, lifting the boiler drum using strand jacks, then erecting the furnace and second pass from top to bottom. Seal welding and insulation are also covered. The overall goal is to assemble the 5600 MT of pressure parts components within tolerances to achieve the desired performance during operation.
An economiser is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. It consists of vertical cast iron or steel pipes through which feed water flows and is heated by hot flue gases passing over the pipes. This preheats the feed water, reducing fuel consumption and increasing boiler efficiency. However, economisers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases. An air preheater similarly uses waste heat to preheat combustion air entering the furnace, improving combustion and efficiency but requiring forced draught.
This document provides an overview of gas turbine fundamentals and components. It discusses the gas turbine course topics which include the lubrication oil system, hydraulic oil system, trip oil system and other key systems. It then summarizes the components and operation of a GE 9001E gas turbine, including descriptions of the compressor, combustion system, turbine, bearings and lubrication oil system.
This document provides information about steam turbines, including:
- Steam turbines convert the thermal energy of steam into rotational mechanical energy through a series of stages, with modern turbines invented by Charles Parsons in 1884.
- About 90% of electricity in the US is generated using steam turbines, as the rotary motion produced is well-suited to drive electrical generators.
- Steam turbines come in a wide range of sizes, from small <0.75 kW units for pumps and compressors, to large 1,500 MW turbines for electricity generation. They can be classified in various ways such as by flow direction, number of stages, steam pressure, or governing method.
The demand of power is increasing exponentially results in installation of new stations whereas the sources of water are depreciating acutely. In future there may be a situation in which water sources may not cope up with this requirement.
Also the serious concerns of the regulatory authorities regarding usage of natural resources, definitely the norms will be further be tightened, which will curtail the freedom of usage of water in power plant.
In present scenario land acquisition is one of the toughest hurdles in plant installations which can be averted by locating stations in water scarce regions, by employing air cooled system which eliminates dependencies on water for CW.
Although dry cooling systems are costly technologies on techno-economic considerations, but foreseeing the future it is the need of hour to employ dry cooling system which offers possible solution for power plant installation eliminating the above mentioned challenges.
This document provides an overview of compressed air systems, including:
- The types of compressors and their characteristics such as reciprocating, rotary, centrifugal, and axial compressors.
- How compressors work using principles such as the ideal gas law and Bernoulli's equation.
- Factors that affect the energy consumption of compressed air systems such as inlet air conditions, pressure settings, piping layout and leaks.
- Methods for improving efficiency such as variable speed drives, capacity control, and detailed energy audits.
The document discusses compressed air systems in detail over 5 sections, covering the scope of work, types of compressors, selection criteria, performance comparisons, and system components.
500 MW synchronous generator rotor construction reportSumit Singh
This industrial training report summarizes the student's training on the manufacturing process of a 500MW turbo rotor at BHEL Haridwar. It discusses the technical details of the rotor, including its material requirements, cooling system, and manufacturing process for the rotor bars. Key steps include marking coils, drilling cooling holes, assembling coils in the rotor slots, connecting them electrically, and testing the completed rotor through high voltage tests and impedance tests. The report provides insights into the various production departments involved and quality checks conducted to manufacture a large turbo rotor reliably and efficiently.
The document summarizes the key components of a compressed air system and adsorption air dryer. The compressed air system supplies instrument and plant air using four screw compressors, separate piping headers, air filters, receivers, and dryers. It regulates air pressure and has safety features. The adsorption air dryer uses a desiccant to remove moisture from compressed air in cycles of drying, regeneration using heated air, and purging. It has components like towers, valves, heaters and instruments to control the process and ensure dry air output.
The document discusses gas turbine maintenance planning and procedures. It emphasizes the importance of maintenance for productivity and profitability. It provides details on inspection types and frequencies based on operating factors like fuel type, load, starts and trips. Guidelines are given for combustion inspections, hot gas path inspections, and calculating customized inspection intervals based on unit-specific operation.
This document discusses fans used in thermal power plants. It describes the main types of fans used - forced draft fans, induced draft fans, primary air fans, and gas recirculation fans. It explains their purposes and characteristics. The key points are: forced draft fans supply air for combustion, induced draft fans exhaust flue gas, primary air fans supply air to coal pulverizers, and gas recirculation fans control steam temperature. Common damage mechanisms for power plant fans are erosion, corrosion, and vibration. Condition monitoring is important to predict failures.
MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPSNamitha M R
The document discusses maintenance and troubleshooting of centrifugal pumps. It covers routine maintenance such as performance monitoring, alignment checks, and lubrication. Overhaul maintenance includes cleaning and replacing worn components like impellers, shafts, wearing rings and shaft sleeves. Troubleshooting addresses issues like insufficient or no water delivery, overloading of motors, and excessive vibration or heating, which could be due to problems like air leaks, worn parts, or improper speed. Proper maintenance and timely repairs are important to ensure efficient and reliable operation of centrifugal pumps.
The writeup details the Heat Balance of BHEL 210 MW Turbine Cycle. The Input and Output steam condition of Turbines, Extractions, Deaerator, LP Heaters, Condensers etc have been computed as per the specifications of the turbine manufacturer
This document provides instructions for starting up a steam turbine. It outlines the sequence of operations that must be followed, including: opening drains, charging the steam line, starting the cooling water system, operating the condensate system, starting the oil system, putting the turbine on barring, building vacuum, charging gland steam, rolling the turbine, and synchronizing once full speed is reached. Special attention is given to ensuring auxiliary systems are operational and parameters are within limits at each stage to safely start the turbine.
This document discusses steam turbine power plants and boilers. It defines boilers and their functions, and describes their applications in power generation, heating, and industrial processes. It then covers boiler terms, classifications including fire tube vs water tube boilers, and examples of specific boiler types like simple vertical, locomotive, and high pressure boilers. Key features and principles of operation are provided for different boiler types. Finally, boiler mountings and accessories are defined.
The boiler system comprises a feed-water system, steam system, and fuel system. The feed-water system supplies treated water to the boiler and regulate it automatically to meet the steam demand. Various valves and controls are provided to access for maintenance and monitoring.
This document provides an overview of the scope of work for overhauling a turbine. It outlines the preparation, alignment checks, disassembly, non-destructive testing, fact-finding, reassembly, and commissioning processes. The specific tasks listed include opening bearing pedestals, uncoupling various components, checking alignments, disassembling the high pressure and low pressure turbines and valve blocks, performing non-destructive testing, inspecting individual parts, reassembling components, and conducting final alignment checks and commissioning. Detailed procedures are provided for selected tasks such as opening bearing pedestals and uncoupling various turbine sections.
The document discusses draft systems and fans used in boiler systems. It provides information on primary air systems, secondary air systems, induced draft fans and other auxiliary fans used in boilers. It describes the components and functioning of various fans including primary air fans, forced draft fans, induced draft fans. It also provides basics on different types of fans, fan performance curves, impact of speed on flow, pressure and power, and use of variable speed drives to control fan speed and improve efficiency.
I have attached this report where we find out the actual reason steam turbine Deaerating Condenser Performance degradation which was written on June 06, 2012.That time I was in Haripur Power Limited (HPL) ,A 360 MW CCPP of Pendekar Energy Bangladesh Ltd.
The report outcome showed that the Steam turbine load could be reached to its maximum capacity after those valve maintenance works on the next Steam Turbine Major inspection on 2013.We hope we can increase our steam turbine load to 5-7 MW/D on that time.
The operational guys were indicating Circulating water pumps (CWP A&B) were not performing to its design capacity & Ejectors/vacuum pumps are not performing well.So,Mechanical Maintenance Team (MMT) team find this successful outcome after several study.
Condenser vacuum condition has improved a lot after maintenance of the valves on last Major Inspection on 2013.
It is a sample report where we can realize that identifying actual reason for an equipment performance is not only a job of operational people but also a responsibility of the maintenance guys.
For all the Gas Turbine lovers, the following presentation is aimed to cover the Major Inspection of the Gas Turbine (GE, Fr-9E). It is weaved with all of the major activities involved in MI, tools and tactics with addition of the reference values. Each activity is described with aid of pictures for detailed understanding.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
Caterpillar Cat 325 L EXCAVATOR (Prefix 3LL) Service Repair Manual (3LL00001 ...orrf0370383
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
Boiler feed and pump sizing c-b and grundfos july 2016(1)lorenzo Monasca
Presentacion realizada por la empresa Cleaver Brooks y Grundfos
Pasos a seguir de como seleccionar una bomba de agua de alimentacion a una caldera de media presion.
The document provides instructions for erecting pressure parts for a conventional 250 MW boiler. It outlines the sequence and key steps, which include erecting 3850 MT of boiler structure first, lifting the boiler drum using strand jacks, then erecting the furnace and second pass from top to bottom. Seal welding and insulation are also covered. The overall goal is to assemble the 5600 MT of pressure parts components within tolerances to achieve the desired performance during operation.
An economiser is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. It consists of vertical cast iron or steel pipes through which feed water flows and is heated by hot flue gases passing over the pipes. This preheats the feed water, reducing fuel consumption and increasing boiler efficiency. However, economisers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases. An air preheater similarly uses waste heat to preheat combustion air entering the furnace, improving combustion and efficiency but requiring forced draught.
This document provides an overview of gas turbine fundamentals and components. It discusses the gas turbine course topics which include the lubrication oil system, hydraulic oil system, trip oil system and other key systems. It then summarizes the components and operation of a GE 9001E gas turbine, including descriptions of the compressor, combustion system, turbine, bearings and lubrication oil system.
This document provides information about steam turbines, including:
- Steam turbines convert the thermal energy of steam into rotational mechanical energy through a series of stages, with modern turbines invented by Charles Parsons in 1884.
- About 90% of electricity in the US is generated using steam turbines, as the rotary motion produced is well-suited to drive electrical generators.
- Steam turbines come in a wide range of sizes, from small <0.75 kW units for pumps and compressors, to large 1,500 MW turbines for electricity generation. They can be classified in various ways such as by flow direction, number of stages, steam pressure, or governing method.
The demand of power is increasing exponentially results in installation of new stations whereas the sources of water are depreciating acutely. In future there may be a situation in which water sources may not cope up with this requirement.
Also the serious concerns of the regulatory authorities regarding usage of natural resources, definitely the norms will be further be tightened, which will curtail the freedom of usage of water in power plant.
In present scenario land acquisition is one of the toughest hurdles in plant installations which can be averted by locating stations in water scarce regions, by employing air cooled system which eliminates dependencies on water for CW.
Although dry cooling systems are costly technologies on techno-economic considerations, but foreseeing the future it is the need of hour to employ dry cooling system which offers possible solution for power plant installation eliminating the above mentioned challenges.
This document provides an overview of compressed air systems, including:
- The types of compressors and their characteristics such as reciprocating, rotary, centrifugal, and axial compressors.
- How compressors work using principles such as the ideal gas law and Bernoulli's equation.
- Factors that affect the energy consumption of compressed air systems such as inlet air conditions, pressure settings, piping layout and leaks.
- Methods for improving efficiency such as variable speed drives, capacity control, and detailed energy audits.
The document discusses compressed air systems in detail over 5 sections, covering the scope of work, types of compressors, selection criteria, performance comparisons, and system components.
500 MW synchronous generator rotor construction reportSumit Singh
This industrial training report summarizes the student's training on the manufacturing process of a 500MW turbo rotor at BHEL Haridwar. It discusses the technical details of the rotor, including its material requirements, cooling system, and manufacturing process for the rotor bars. Key steps include marking coils, drilling cooling holes, assembling coils in the rotor slots, connecting them electrically, and testing the completed rotor through high voltage tests and impedance tests. The report provides insights into the various production departments involved and quality checks conducted to manufacture a large turbo rotor reliably and efficiently.
The document summarizes the key components of a compressed air system and adsorption air dryer. The compressed air system supplies instrument and plant air using four screw compressors, separate piping headers, air filters, receivers, and dryers. It regulates air pressure and has safety features. The adsorption air dryer uses a desiccant to remove moisture from compressed air in cycles of drying, regeneration using heated air, and purging. It has components like towers, valves, heaters and instruments to control the process and ensure dry air output.
The document discusses gas turbine maintenance planning and procedures. It emphasizes the importance of maintenance for productivity and profitability. It provides details on inspection types and frequencies based on operating factors like fuel type, load, starts and trips. Guidelines are given for combustion inspections, hot gas path inspections, and calculating customized inspection intervals based on unit-specific operation.
This document discusses fans used in thermal power plants. It describes the main types of fans used - forced draft fans, induced draft fans, primary air fans, and gas recirculation fans. It explains their purposes and characteristics. The key points are: forced draft fans supply air for combustion, induced draft fans exhaust flue gas, primary air fans supply air to coal pulverizers, and gas recirculation fans control steam temperature. Common damage mechanisms for power plant fans are erosion, corrosion, and vibration. Condition monitoring is important to predict failures.
MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPSNamitha M R
The document discusses maintenance and troubleshooting of centrifugal pumps. It covers routine maintenance such as performance monitoring, alignment checks, and lubrication. Overhaul maintenance includes cleaning and replacing worn components like impellers, shafts, wearing rings and shaft sleeves. Troubleshooting addresses issues like insufficient or no water delivery, overloading of motors, and excessive vibration or heating, which could be due to problems like air leaks, worn parts, or improper speed. Proper maintenance and timely repairs are important to ensure efficient and reliable operation of centrifugal pumps.
The writeup details the Heat Balance of BHEL 210 MW Turbine Cycle. The Input and Output steam condition of Turbines, Extractions, Deaerator, LP Heaters, Condensers etc have been computed as per the specifications of the turbine manufacturer
This document provides instructions for starting up a steam turbine. It outlines the sequence of operations that must be followed, including: opening drains, charging the steam line, starting the cooling water system, operating the condensate system, starting the oil system, putting the turbine on barring, building vacuum, charging gland steam, rolling the turbine, and synchronizing once full speed is reached. Special attention is given to ensuring auxiliary systems are operational and parameters are within limits at each stage to safely start the turbine.
This document discusses steam turbine power plants and boilers. It defines boilers and their functions, and describes their applications in power generation, heating, and industrial processes. It then covers boiler terms, classifications including fire tube vs water tube boilers, and examples of specific boiler types like simple vertical, locomotive, and high pressure boilers. Key features and principles of operation are provided for different boiler types. Finally, boiler mountings and accessories are defined.
The boiler system comprises a feed-water system, steam system, and fuel system. The feed-water system supplies treated water to the boiler and regulate it automatically to meet the steam demand. Various valves and controls are provided to access for maintenance and monitoring.
This document provides an overview of the scope of work for overhauling a turbine. It outlines the preparation, alignment checks, disassembly, non-destructive testing, fact-finding, reassembly, and commissioning processes. The specific tasks listed include opening bearing pedestals, uncoupling various components, checking alignments, disassembling the high pressure and low pressure turbines and valve blocks, performing non-destructive testing, inspecting individual parts, reassembling components, and conducting final alignment checks and commissioning. Detailed procedures are provided for selected tasks such as opening bearing pedestals and uncoupling various turbine sections.
The document discusses draft systems and fans used in boiler systems. It provides information on primary air systems, secondary air systems, induced draft fans and other auxiliary fans used in boilers. It describes the components and functioning of various fans including primary air fans, forced draft fans, induced draft fans. It also provides basics on different types of fans, fan performance curves, impact of speed on flow, pressure and power, and use of variable speed drives to control fan speed and improve efficiency.
I have attached this report where we find out the actual reason steam turbine Deaerating Condenser Performance degradation which was written on June 06, 2012.That time I was in Haripur Power Limited (HPL) ,A 360 MW CCPP of Pendekar Energy Bangladesh Ltd.
The report outcome showed that the Steam turbine load could be reached to its maximum capacity after those valve maintenance works on the next Steam Turbine Major inspection on 2013.We hope we can increase our steam turbine load to 5-7 MW/D on that time.
The operational guys were indicating Circulating water pumps (CWP A&B) were not performing to its design capacity & Ejectors/vacuum pumps are not performing well.So,Mechanical Maintenance Team (MMT) team find this successful outcome after several study.
Condenser vacuum condition has improved a lot after maintenance of the valves on last Major Inspection on 2013.
It is a sample report where we can realize that identifying actual reason for an equipment performance is not only a job of operational people but also a responsibility of the maintenance guys.
For all the Gas Turbine lovers, the following presentation is aimed to cover the Major Inspection of the Gas Turbine (GE, Fr-9E). It is weaved with all of the major activities involved in MI, tools and tactics with addition of the reference values. Each activity is described with aid of pictures for detailed understanding.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
Caterpillar Cat 325 L EXCAVATOR (Prefix 3LL) Service Repair Manual (3LL00001 ...orrf0370383
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines a multi-step process including removing other engine components first like the fuel filter base and governor. When removing the cylinder head, a lifting device should be used and bolts removed carefully. For installation, the mating surfaces must be cleaned and a new gasket used. Bolts should be lubricated and tightened in a specific sequence and torque. Removing other components like the exhaust manifold is listed as the final step.
Caterpillar Cat 325 L EXCAVATOR (Prefix 3LL) Service Repair Manual (3LL00001 ...fuusejkddmmd3e
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines 7 steps to remove the cylinder head, which include removing bolts and carefully lifting the head off. It then details 12 steps to install the cylinder head, such as cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, lubricating and tightening bolts in a specific sequence. The summary also notes the document provides guidance on reusable parts and tools needed.
Caterpillar Cat 325 L EXCAVATOR (Prefix 3LL) Service Repair Manual (3LL00001 ...dujkdksmdmdm
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines a multi-step process including removing other engine components first like the fuel filter base and governor. When removing the cylinder head, a lifting device is used and bolts are removed carefully. For installation, the mating surfaces are cleaned and a new gasket is used. The cylinder head bolts are tightened in a specific sequence and torque pattern. Removal of the lifter group is also described which requires first removing the rocker shaft and pushrods.
Caterpillar Cat 325 L EXCAVATOR (Prefix 3LL) Service Repair Manual (3LL00001 ...jdksmmdmdd
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on a 325 LN excavator powered by a 3116 engine. It describes removing components like the fuel filter base, governor, fuel linkage, and manifolds before removing the cylinder head bolts and gasket. It then describes cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, bolts, and tightening the bolts in a specific sequence. Reinstalling involves reattaching removed components.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines 7 steps to remove the cylinder head, which include removing bolts and carefully lifting the head off. It then details 12 steps to install the cylinder head, such as cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, lubricating and tightening bolts in a specific sequence. The summary also notes the document provides guidance on determining if parts can be reused.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines a multi-step process including removing other engine components first like the fuel filter base and governor. It describes lifting the cylinder head off the cylinder block and removing the gasket. Reinstallation involves cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, lubricating bolts, and tightening bolts in a specific sequence and torque.
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines a multi-step process including removing other engine components first like the fuel filter base and governor. It describes lifting the cylinder head off with a device, removing bolts and gasket, and installing a new gasket. It details cleaning and lubricating surfaces, torquing bolts in a specific sequence, and reinstalling other components after installing the cylinder head.
Caterpillar cat 325 l excavator (prefix 3 ll) service repair manual (3ll00001...diskkdkdmdm
The document provides instructions for removing and installing a cylinder head on an excavator model 325 LN powered by a 3116 engine. It outlines 7 steps to remove the cylinder head, which include removing other components first. It then outlines 11 steps to install the cylinder head, including cleaning surfaces, installing a new gasket, lubricating and tightening bolts in a specific sequence and torque. The document also provides instructions for removing and installing the lifter group.
Similar to Maintenance report on Circulating Water Pump (CWP) Overhauling (11)
This document discusses formulas for calculating alignment of rotary machines in Microsoft Excel across four cases. It presents alignment calculation methods for different rotary machine setups and configurations using Excel for analysis and determination of shaft alignment values.
The document provides details of a cooling tower renovation project at a fertilizer plant. Key points:
- The existing cooling tower packing, drift eliminators, and nozzles needed replacement as their working life had expired after 7-10 years.
- Modifications included installing new packing, drift eliminators, dynamic Ecojet nozzles, and a vibration monitoring system.
- The project was completed on time and under budget using mostly local labor. It is expected to improve cooling tower performance and reliability.
- Lessons learned include using local labor for most tasks and marking scaffolding pipes to streamline future work. The renovation reduced circulating water temperature ranges and approach.
The document provides a daily work progress report and next day's program for the Cooling Tower Improvement Project. It summarizes the work completed on the H Cell renovation, including fabricating 71 new film fillings, installing 162 new nozzle holders, and completing 70% of scaffolding on the south side. The next day's program involves installing the remaining nozzle holders, completing timber installation on the north side scaffolding, and removing another 700 pieces of old packing. The report indicates satisfactory progress on the project and that the H Cell renovation may be completed ahead of schedule in 12 working days.
The document summarizes the inspection of heat exchangers conducted by engineers from the Multinational Fertilizer Company and GEA at GEA's facility in Wingles, France. Key points from the inspection include: pressure testing and dimensional checking of the heat exchangers; reviewing material certifications and weld documentation; and inspecting the packaging and crating of the units. The inspection concluded with both parties signing off on the required documentation.
The document summarizes maintenance work done on a debris filter from January 19-20, 2012. The debris filter was dismantled due to high pressure drop and debris not being removed. worn seals and sheared coupling disc bolts were found and replaced. The overhauled debris filter was then tested for 15 minutes and found to be in good working condition. Spare parts used during the maintenance are listed.
This document provides an overview of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It discusses that the WTO is the international organization that oversees global trade rules between nations. The WTO aims to ensure trade flows freely and predictably. It was established in 1995 but built upon the multilateral trading system originally set up under GATT over 50 years prior. The document outlines several key principles and agreements of the WTO system including most favored nation status, national treatment, and agreements on agriculture, services, intellectual property and other areas.
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Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Maintenance report on Circulating Water Pump (CWP) Overhauling
1.
Circulating Water Pump-A Overhauling Report
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
Prepared by
Md. Maruf Akhtar
Maintenance Planner
Haripur Power Limited
Co-Author
Ashik Ahmed
Maintenance Engineer
Haripur Power Limited
Checked by
A.B. Siddique
MMT Supervisor
Haripur Power Limited
Approved by
Kazi Samsul Alam
Plant Manager
Haripur Power Limited
2. 2222
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Equipment No: CW-M-PP-03A
Equipment Name: Circulating Water Pump-A
History
Haripur have two cooling water pump (CWP-A/B) each 50% capacity. According to
schedule maintenance plan each pump is overhauled after 16,000 running hours.
The overhauling work of cooling water pump is carried out in advance of schedule
outage for minimize the outage task and foreign vendor support. CWP-A was scheduled
for overhauling in Feb-2012 and it was decided to complete in Dec-2011.
The pump suction is from river water to discharge to water boxes of steam condenser.
It’s a vertical shaft, 1350 discharge bore mixed flow pump. It’s driven by an 1100 KW
vertically mounted motor with a rated full load rpm of 494. Rated flow rate of the
pump is 18, 600 m3/hr.
Before the overhauling CWP-A, NDE side vibration of motor as being monitored was too
high for its sound performance. Vertical vibration data at NDE was measured as high as
6.3 mm/sec which was way alarming.
Suspected regions were out-clearances of bearings and wear-rings. O & M came to a
decision for complete overhauling of the pump which started on November 27, 2011
and was completed on December 01, 2011.
Specification of the Equipment and History of CWP-A
overhauling works
Circulating Water Pump-A (Vertical Mixed Flow Pump)
Installed in year: 2000
PPPuuummmppp DDDeeetttaaaiiilllsss
Shop Order No KA0366
Serial No: KA0366-CWP-001 (or 002) For Pump A & B.
Tag No: CW-M-PP-03-1
Capacity 18,600 m3/hr
Total Head 16M
Speed 493 RPM
Power 1100KW
3. 3333
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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MMMoootttooorrr DDDaaatttaaa
Manufactured By
Electric Motor Manufacture Dept.
Industrial & Power System Division
Hyundai Heavy Industries Co, Ltd.
1,CHEONHA-DONG,DONG-KU,ULSAN,KOREA
Tel: 82-52-230-6671,72
Motor Application C.W.Pump
Rated HP/KW 1474.5 HP/1100KW
Motor Type SQUIRREL, CAGE
Frame No HLA7 902-36Y
Rated Voltage 6600 V
Phase 3 phase Induction/50HZ
Full Load Current 134.7 A
Speed Synchronous 500/494
MMMaaaiiinnnttteeennnaaannnccceee HHHiiissstttooorrryyy CCCWWWPPP---AAA
CWP-A was overhauled in Feb-2006, Feb-2008 and Mar-2010 as a part of scheduled
maintenance. Next overhauling was scheduled in Feb-2012 but we started the work
two months earlier to reduce coming outage (scheduled in Feb-2012) activities and to
concentrate more on outage-2012.
Dismantling Procedure
The motor-pump assembly was disassembled with the following steps:
The stop gate
was inserted
into the intake
basin with the
help of gantry
crane.
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November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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Note: before inserting the gate, it’s important to grease the slots of the gate; the
slots will guide thru the railing inside the basin.
3 submergible pumps (ф4” & ф3”) were being placed inside the intake basin to
continuously pump out water.
Note: submerge pumps were drawn to the intake when inside water level was reduced
to 310 cm and this was done by running the main pump for few seconds after placing
the stop gate.
The pump was then stopped and motor was isolated.
Pump was decoupled from the motor and lift of the pump was noted as 11.1
mm
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Note: there are 6 stud bolts and 6 reamer bolts in the coupling. Space nut is screwed
to the pump shaft and pump end hub is keyed to the shaft which drops down after
loosening the coupling bolts.
Cooling water lines had been removed.
The motor and motor pedestal was sequentially removed by gantry crane.
3 gland packing were removed by screw driver.
Gland and upper bearing housing (brg housing o-ring, P#1492 to be reused)
were removed afterward; all these were lifted using eyebolt-shackle-belt
assembly of appropriate sizes.
Elbow cover was lifted (after removing tow center pins) by the crane up to
when the top spider hoisted over the column pipe as it was to be supported by
H-beam underneath.
Elbow cover and upper shaft tube were unfastened sequentially.
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Note: There is a distance ring which rests between elbow cover and upper shaft tube
which must be handled and kept safely.
Note: There is a tapering part in every leg of the spider and this side would face the
downside while assembling.
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Upper spider along with the intermediate shaft tube was then dismantled after
lifting the resting assembly as long as the lower spider was supported similarly.
The upper shaft was then separated from the lower shaft by dismantling the
line shaft coupling & thrust ring using special tool as seen in the figure.
Lower spider, lower enclosure tube,
discharge bowl and impeller were then
taken out altogether and spider-tube
was dismantled in similar fashion.
Discharge bowl was separated from the
impeller-shaft assembly by removing
the stopper ring.
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Note: Match marking is provided in every part disassembled.
Shaft was disassembled separated from the impeller using an extractor.
Note: Impeller washer must be removed first before extracting impeller from the
shaft using special tool (mechanical jacking).
Casing wear ring was pulled using hydraulic jack & a fabricated special jack
with nearly 100 bar of pressure. Impeller wear ring was extracted by tapping &
unscrewing it.
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Dummy Inspection
Dummy inspection refers to
checking whether discharge bowl
seats in its slots after assembling
it with only shaft tubes, spiders
and elbow cover.
After assembling all these and
tightening the elbow cover on its
bolts; a gap of 3 mm found
beneath the discharge bowl on its
seating slots. It had to be
compensated. A shim of 3 mm
was ordered instantly with same
shape of distance ring from
nearby workshop of stainless
steel.
Findings
Followings were the findings on disassembly:
Stop ring set-screw (one out of two) was found loose when dismantling.
Casing wear ring and impeller wear ring were found heavily eroded.
Impeller blade edges were found rubbed (perhaps with the impeller liner).
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Discharge bowl anti-rotation pins were found partially sheared and were
repaired by build-up & grinding before assembly.
Note: Keys are marked as in the table:
Mark Position
1-1 Impeller-lower shaft
1-2 Lower shaft-line coupling
1-3 Upper shaft-line coupling
1-4 Pump end hub-upper shaft
Assembly
Before assembling, feroform bearings and sleeves were forcibly taken out. New
fabricated casing wear ring & impeller wear rings (from local workshop) were dressed
with set-screws being punched and countered on respective housings. Impeller liner &
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basin surroundings were checked and declared fine to go in. Shaft run-out and sleeve-
bearing clearances were measured and found within the operative range. Discharge
bowl was painted by Barger Marine Black on its non-mating portions with inside
column. Elbow O-ring and bowl O-ring were fabricated locally from cord.
Clearances
Lower Sleeve Intern Sleeve 1 Intern Sleeve 2 Upper Sleeve
Brg Dia 180.40 mm 180.50 mm 180.30 mm 180.46 mm
Sleeve Dia 179.79 mm 179.90 mm 179.90 mm 179.86 mm
Clearance 0.61 mm 0.60 mm 0.40 mm 0.60 mm
Design 0.481-0.679 0.453-0.650 0.453-0.650 0.453-0.650
Shaft Run-out
Both shafts were properly cleaned; run-outs as measured are:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Upper ShaftMotor Side
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Lower Shaft
Impeller Side
12. 12121212
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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Dial gauge readings corresponding to the points on upper shaft
-0.01
0
-0.030.04
Point 1
-0.02
0
-0.01-0.02
Point 2
-0.11
0
-0.08-0.04
Point 3
-0.12
0
-0.11-0.02
Point 4
-0.11
0
-0.09-0.03
Point 5
-0.06
0
-0.050.02
Point 6
0.03
0
0.06-0.01
Point 7
13. 13131313
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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Dial gauge readings corresponding to the points on lower shaft
0.13
0
0.070.08
Point 1
-0.09
0
-0.03-0.05
Point 2
-0.11
0
-0.05-0.10
Point 3
-0.12
0
-0.01-0.11
Point 4
-0.14
0
-0.01-0.11
Point 5
-0.08
0
0.01-0.04
Point 6
0.12
0
0.020.12
Point 7
14. 14141414
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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Maximum run-out noticed 0.14 mm and it was same as of previous overhauling.
Feroform bearings were put in deep-fridge in the Canteen for long 14 hours.
Now they could easily dig-into the respective places.
There was an obvious gap between the split pieces of the stop ring when they
were placed to screw over the shaft.
Whole assembly was just the reverse of disassembly.
Motor Inspection
Motor NDE side fan cover removed and cleaned.
Motor DE side cleaned.
Motor cooler’s all cooling holes cleaned.
NDE side Bearing oil replaced with new oil (DTE 15M, approx-200 ltr.)
Motor Insulation resistance checked & found IR-10 Gohm, WR-0.79 ohm.
Motor space heater checked & found WR-29 ohm
DE side bearing greased and grease chamber opened for checking the grease
condition of the bearing and found satisfactory.
Checks on assembly
To confirm whether the discharge bowl seats
on its slots with no unwanted gap after
inserting extra 3 mm shim (with existing
distance ring) underneath the elbow cover. It
was checked and found ok.
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Greasing to all spider leg sides, O-ring grooves.
Plating Molykote to the bolts, studs, sleeves, thrust rings, impeller washer,
shaft coupling & all other mating surfaces etc.
Tightening the bolts in a crisscross pattern like the following:
Alignment
After reinstalling motor pedestal and motor, gap between motor coupling and pump
coupling was kept 10.5 mm by turning the space nut toward the motor hub ensuring
the required gap.
A steel scale was kept stood
vertically in the hub surfaces
and motor jacks were adjusted
to bring the required alignment.
When the centerline of the
pump & motor was confirmed,
the hubs were coupled with
reamer bolts. Now the tip
Steel Scale
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November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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clearances (radial clearances of the impeller and impeller liner in the suction bell)
were recorded. The values are:
POS E W N S
1 2.8 1.60 2.95 1.65
2 3.2 1.80 1.90 3.40
3 1.80 2.70 2.05 3.00
4 1.95 2.45 2.90 1.85
Tip clearances were judged good. Now relative position of the shaft assembly against
static elbow cover-brg housing-gland was adjusted by adjusting motor. After
adjustment, alignment readings are as follows:
For example in the East side of the shaft; distance of the shaft from the gland is
109.84 mm as measured by inside micrometer. These readings show good centering of
the pump
W E
N
S
109.92 109.84
109.82
109.94
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Modifications
Ladder arrangement (between band screen &
gantry crane entry hole) inside the basin has
been modified to facilitate larger size (ф6”)
submerge pumps to travel in.
2 angle bars have been welded to the column
pipe outer body to ease climbing to the gland
packing area inspection while the pump is
running.
Start-up
Here is a comparison of data of vibration parameters of the M/C taken both before and
after maintenance:
Before Maintenance (9:00 hrs on 20-Nov-11)
Vibration in mm/sec
Temp (0C)
Motor Current
(amp)
Inside Water
Level (mm)Position H V A
Pump DE 1.5 2.3 0.9
117 5331
Pump NDE 1.0 1.4 0.6
Motor DE 2.6 4.4 1.0 48
Motor NDE 3.8 6.3 0.7 42
After Maintenance (After start-up at 20:15 hrs on 01-Dec-11)
Vibration in mm/sec
Temp (0C)
Motor Current
(amp)
Inside Water
Level (mm)Position H V A
Pump DE 1.1 1.4 0.6
114 4900Pump NDE 0.5 1.1 0.3
Motor DE 2.1 2.4 1.0 40
18. 18181818
November 27, 2011-December 01, 2011
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Motor NDE 3.2 2.8 1.0 38
Spares List
Following spares have been consumed:
SL Code No Description Qty
1 CW-M-PP-03--BRNG-01 Submerge Brg, Intermediate 02 EA
2 CW-M-PP-03--BRNG-02 Submerge Brg, lower 01 EA
3 CW-M-PP-03--BRNG-03 Submerge Brg, upper 01 EA
4 CW-M-PP-03--PACK-01 Gland Packing, P#1391 01 EA (03 pcs)
5 CW-M-PP-03--SLVE-01 Packing Sleeve, P#1227 01 EA
6 CW-M-PP-03--SLVE-02 Shaft Sleeve, upper P#1224 01 EA
7 CW-M-PP-03--SLVE-03 Shaft Sleeve, inter P#1225 02 EA
8 CW-M-PP-03--SLVE-04 Shaft Sleeve, lower P#1226 01 EA
9 CW-M-PP-03--RING-01 Casing Wear Ring, P#1261 01 EA
10 CW-M-PP-03--RING-02 Impeller Wear Ring, P#1262 01 EA
Workforce
Overall Supervision A.B. Siddique, MMT Supervisor
Craft Person: Md. Saiful Islam, MMT Engineer
HPL Working Person MMT Engineers-Hanif, Enamul, Ashik, Maruf
Maintenance Assistance
Amzad (Rigging), Islam (Crane Operation), Muktar
(Welding/heating)
Local Labor Tapas, Mahtab (High Skilled Technicians)
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Achievements
Spares (SL. 9 & 10) had been fabricated from local workshop. These are precision
items made from SS and this was a challenge for us. We have overcome the challenge
successfully and it saves significant amount of money worth USD 9,000.00. Previously
these two items were foreign purchased with USD 10,015.00 and this time cost was
around USD 1100.00 as made by local fabrication.
Conclusion
Pump overhauling is done earlier than scheduled time and it was put into service at
the 5th day from shutdown. Moreover an additional inspection (discharge bowl gap
checking by dummy assembly) is done this time. We also learn that a significant cost
can be reduced by exploring local manufacturing of such spares. Pump vibration and
other parameters became smoother after the overhauling.