The document discusses the importance of mainstreaming HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment efforts across multiple sectors through internal and external mainstreaming. It provides examples of activities that various government departments can implement to integrate HIV/AIDS into their existing policies, programs, and services in order to more effectively reach populations that are vulnerable or affected by HIV/AIDS. The goal of mainstreaming is to take a multi-sectoral approach and encourage joint efforts and ownership to strengthen the institutional response to the HIV epidemic.

1. Mainstreaming

2. DIFINITIONS OF MAINSTREAMING
Multi-sectoral response
Joint efforts
Ownership
Internal and external
mainstreaming
• Development of a workplace
policy
Internal
• Training of staff within the
Mainstreaming office/workplace
• Provision of services related to
prevention, care and
treatment for staff
members

3. WHY INTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?
 Depletion of workforce Impact on
 Decreasing productivity Institutional
 Roots of stigma & Discrimination strength
WHAT TO DO ?
• Departmental ownership : in-house advocacy,
continuity and constant follow up action
• Analysis : Assessment of factors that put workers at
risk.
• Workplace policy: Addresses staff needs for
information,awareness, access to services, provides
social dialogue.

4. WHY EXTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?
It refers to integration/incorporation of
HIV/AIDS into the policy and programme of
the department without compromising its
core business.
What to do ? * Identification of entry points and
incorporate into the ongoing work of the
department
* Inclusion of HIV/AIDS issues into the
policy and programme of the department
External Ministry on sustainable basis
mainstreaming

5. Why mainstreaming?
 HIV/AIDS is not merely an health issue
 The risk factors for HIV are related to wider socio-
economic factors, such as poverty, illiteracy, migration,
gender discrimination, urbanisation, etc ) which are
beyond health system
 Since only 0.3 % people are infected , separate health
infrastructure creation is costly for the country,
 Since there is no cure, prevention is most important
 Mainstreaming is important to reach large population
(99.7 %) who are uninfected

6. What do you need to ask?
How does HIV/AIDS affect your organization and
your work?
Do the policies / norms / guidelines of the
department focus on inclusion of interest of
HRG/PLHIV. They should not discriminate
How can you contribute to fighting HIV/AIDS by
limiting the spread and mitigating the impact of the
epidemic?

7. Why everyone should know about
HIV/AIDS
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Because HIV/AIDS
can happen to anyone in your community
can happen to anyone in your place of work
can happen to anyone in your neighborhood
can happen to anyone in your family
can happen to you
RRE-NYKS

8. Internal Mainstreaming
◦ Development of a policy at your workplace for prevention
and care of HIV/AIDS
◦ Training of all staff within the office/ workplace
◦ Provision of services related to prevention, care and treatment
for staff members.
◦ Analysing how are your polices/ programmes and schemes
reaching PLHIV/HRGs
◦ Identification of nodal officer to sustain the effort

9. External Mainstreaming
◦ Expanding the prevention, care and treatment facilities
beyond staff members to contractual workers/vendors and
community at field sites
◦ training and sensitization of the outreach workers/staff of
the department/ to reach larger community
◦ identification of entry points where HIV could be
mainstreamed into the ongoing work of the organisation
◦ inclusion of HIV in the detailed programme planning and
implementation of the ministry/department

10. Department of Health and Family
Welfare
 Possible activities
◦ Capacity building of health care providers to ensure that there is
no stigma
◦ Sensitize all health care providers on HIV/AIDS issues.
◦ Ensure universal coverage of PEP Social marketing of gloves to all
health care providers. Review the effectiveness of supply chain
◦ Policy guidelines to direct private sector health care organizations
to provide services for PLWHA without stigma and
discrimination.
◦ Capacity building of Infection control committee of every
hospital.
◦ Institutionalize awards for best practices adopted by public /
private hospitals on HIV/AIDS.

11. Department of Education
Why ?
 Youth and adolescents highly vulnerable
 Growing instances of stigma and discrimination in schools
What can be done at managerial level?
 Sensitisation and skill building of teachers and principles
for HIV awareness and stigma reduction
 Include HIV/AIDS in the State / district level Teachers
Training Centres.
 Include HIV/AIDS in School management manuals for
SSA/RMSA ( Sarva Siksha Abhiyan/ Rashtriya Madhymik
Shiksha Abhiyan)

12. What can be done at institutional
level
Possible activities
 Incorporate School AIDS Education & Life Skills
programmes in all schools & colleges.
 Facilitate incorporation of HIV Prevention
programmes in all Non Formal Education
Programmes
 Specialized educational courses/ diplomas/ degrees in
universities and other institutions of higher education
 Streamline admission procedures for CSW, PLWHA
children, or orphans affected by HIV/AIDS

13. Department of Women and Child
 Why?
 40% of infections are in women including monogamous
women
 Growing feminization of HIV/AIDS : rate of infections among
women rising faster than among men
 Violence against women is quite prevalent
 Trafficked women are at high risk
 Strategic strengths
 Existing progs. of the Department make integration easy and
cost effective
 Existing women’s groups like self help groups/ mahila
samakhya offer good entry points

14. Department of Women and Child
Possible activities
◦ Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all Women & Child Development
training progs.
◦ Integrate HIV/AIDS in the ICDS – trainings for CDPOs,
Supervisors, AWWs
◦ integrate HIV into anti trafficking initiatives
◦ Scale up shelter & rehabilitation homes and essential services
for women and children affected and infected by HIV/AIDS
◦ Special focus on destitute & Orphan/Vulnerable Children
◦ Step up nutrition support for PLHA with focus on Orphan/
Vulnerable Children.

15. Department of Rural Development
Why?
 Poverty and distress rural-urban migration - one of the key
underlying causes of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS
 HIV/AIDS prevalence in rural areas fast increasing
 The culture of silence is more prominent in rural areas.
 Weak infrastructure and difficult access
 Greater stigma and discrimination due to lack of awareness and
close social networks
Strategic strengths
 Wide outreach of rural development progs specially BPL
 integrating HIV within existing infrastructure
 Department officials at the community level have trust of
communities as they help generate livelihoods and fight poverty

16. Department of Rural Development
Possible activities
 Large scale coverage of rural populations through integration
within
 Women Self Help Groups
 Watershed Committees
 Employment Guarantee Programmes
 Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all the Rural Development training
programmes.
 Capacity strengthening of SIRDs in HIV/AIDS to train PRIs
on an ongoing basis
 Implementation of development schemes Economic support
to PLHA and vulnerable populations on priority.
 Review poverty alleviation progs and strengthen activities in
highly vulnerable districts

17. Ministry of Panchayati Raj
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 Train all PRIs by integrating HIV module in training
programmes .
 Issue guidelines/ directives to protect PLHIVs and affected
households against stigma & discrimination
 protect the inheritance of widows and orphans.
 Facilitate linkages to income generation activities,
nutrition programme, housing and welfare schemes
 to support HIV infected and affected persons on priority
basis under special groups specially widows and orphans.
 Advise Panchayats to discuss HIV related issues relevant to
the village in Gram Sabhas and other meetings.
 Display HIV prevention messages at Panchayat Ghars

18. Department of surface transport
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 travel support to PLHIV for visiting ART centres/ health
centres for treatment
 Issue directives to facilitate HIV/AIDS messages on
bus panels / bus shelters
 Support unions to manage HIV prevention services at
truckers halting points
 Provide counseling and testing for STI/HIV/AIDS to
helpers and bus drivers and other related workers
 Provide HIV prevention messages and condoms/ condom
vending machines at halting centres .
RRE-NYKS

19. Department of Home Affairs
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Include HIV/ AIDS in the training institutions /
programmes of all police personnel
 Sensitize them to specific vulnerabilities of High risk
groups and victims of trafficking
Provide comprehensive HIV/AIDS services relating to
prevention, care , support and treatment at health
facilities meant for police personnel and their families
 Sensitize jail officials/ inmates on HIV vulnerabilities
 Link with nearest ICTC for provision of counselling
and testing to inmates
RRE-NYKS

20. Department of Social welfare
Include PLHIV under National Social Assistance
programme on priority
Consider financial support to all women living with
HIV, irrespective of age/ marital status
 Consider financial assistance for all PLHIV ( eg
Orissa, Delhi, Goa , Gujarat, Maharashtra etc)

21. Department of Labour and employment
Why ?
large number of HRG and vulnerable population in
the informal employment
 Migrants , illiteracy , unsafe shelter conditions etc
What can be done?
 Advocacy with HR system of PSUs, Private,
Corporate for workplace policy
 Include HIV/AIDS in their workers training system
 Include HIV/AIDS in their health services

22. Department of Tourism
Why- Tourists are more vulnerable to HIV . They
may indulge in High risk behaviour and also
become victim of high risk behaviour due to lack of
information.
What can be done ?
 Sensitise Hotel owners, tour guides and taxi
drivers about the risk and vulnerable factors of HIV
 Include HIV/AIDS in the training curricula of
hotel management institutions

23. Railways
 Why ?
Most of the hotspots are located near railways
stations.
 Lot of vulnerable populations thrives near railway
stations through petty jobs.
What can be done ?
Permission to allow information booth/ hoarding
on or around stations
Railways announcements
Inclusion of contractual staff under health services

24. Department of Tribal affairs
 Why – High vulnerability due to lack of awareness and
health facilities
What can be done
Expansion of ICTC services to health facilities in tribal
areas , through building capacity of their service
providers
 Inclusion of counselling and testing service in Mobile
medical units
 Planning outdoor and mid media activities in tribal
areas
 Including HIV/AIDS in the tribal sub plans

25. Department of Minor ports / inland water
 Why?
Vulnerability due to migration, and large number of
truckers and transport worker etc
What can be done?
IEC near port areas
Inclusion of STI/HIV/AIDS in the health services
provision of counselling and testing at resting
places, halt areas.
 Sensitisation and Capacity building of health service
providers