Magnetic Fields - 203PHYS
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This slide is the fifth section (last section) of 203PHYS course - Physics 2 for Engineering, Jazan University.
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Define electric charge, and describe how the two types of charge interact.
Desribe three common situations that generate static electricity. State the law of conservation of charge.
Describe three methods for charging an object.
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Thank you So much
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The document discusses electric field lines and their properties. It provides examples of electric field line patterns for single and multiple point charges of both positive and negative polarity. Key points made include:
- Electric field lines extend radially outward from positive point charges and radially inward towards negative point charges.
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Electric fields arise from charged objects and can exert forces on other charged objects. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. Electric field lines show the direction that a positive test charge would move due to the electric field. Electric fields are generated by both positive and negative charges, and the strength of the electric field depends on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them, as described by Coulomb's law. The electric field strength is defined as the force per unit charge exerted by the field on a small test charge placed within it.
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The document discusses the properties of conductors at electrostatic equilibrium. It states that conductors contain mobile charges that are free to move, like electrons in metals. When no electric field is present, these charges are randomly distributed. At equilibrium, there is no net electric field inside the conductor. The electric field outside is perpendicular to the surface and its magnitude depends on the surface charge density. The potential is constant across the surface and interior.
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1. This experiment aims to determine the specific charge (e/m) of electrons using the helical coil method. A cathode ray tube is placed inside a solenoid and electrons are accelerated towards the screen and deflected by a transverse AC voltage.
2. The resulting motion of the electrons is helical due to the magnetic field produced by the solenoid. By measuring the pitch of the helix, the e/m ratio can be calculated using the given formula.
3. The calculated value of e/m is 1.6 × 1011 C/kg with a percent error of 8.57% compared to the standard value of 1.75 × 1011 C/kg.
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The document discusses electric fields and electrostatics. It explains that when objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred causing objects to become charged. It then discusses Coulomb's law which states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It provides equations for calculating electric field strength, potential, and force experienced by charges in fields.
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The document discusses electric potential and potential energy. Some key points:
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3) The electric potential due to a point charge can be calculated using the work done to move a test charge from infinity to that point. Potential increases as distance from the charge decreases.
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- Electric potential energy and voltage difference can be defined from the work done in electric fields. Equipotential surfaces exist where electric potential is constant.
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This document summarizes key concepts related to electric fields. It defines electric fields and their relationship to force. It then describes the electric field intensity and field patterns due to various charge distributions including point charges, multiple charges, infinite line charges, and infinite surface charges. It also covers Gauss's law relating electric field and charge distribution.
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3) For the last problem, the solution finds that the net magnetic flux through the curved surface of a Gaussian cylinder must be 47.4 mWb directed inward to satisfy that the total flux through any closed surface is zero.
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James Clerk Maxwell's equations represent the fundamentals of electricity and magnetism in an elegant and concise form. The document discusses various units used to measure magnetic flux, such as the Maxwell and Weber. It then examines Maxwell's modifications to Ampere's law by including the concept of displacement current to account for changing electric fields producing magnetic fields. As an example, the document calculates the magnetic field produced near a parallel plate capacitor due to the changing electric field between its plates.
MPC 1 exam june 2022 marking key.pdf
The document provides instructions and questions for an end of semester exam for a Diploma in Medical Imaging Science course. The exam covers topics in medical physics and chemistry including forces, energy, vectors, radiation intensity, stress, transformers, temperature conversions, geometrical unsharpness, impedance, electrostatics, magnetism, semiconductors, peak factor, and absorption coefficient. It contains three sections with multiple choice and written response questions testing understanding of these key concepts.
Electromagnetic Induction Class 12
1. Electromagnetic induction occurs when a changing magnetic flux induces an electromotive force (emf) in a circuit. This was discovered by Faraday through his experiments.
2. Faraday's laws of induction state that an emf is induced in a circuit when the magnetic flux through the circuit changes, and that the magnitude of this induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux.
3. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced current: the current will flow in a direction that creates its own magnetic field to oppose the original change in magnetic flux that caused it. This ensures the conservation of energy.
EMI physics (premuim content)
1) This document discusses electromagnetic induction, including Faraday's experiments and laws. It describes how changing magnetic flux induces an emf in a circuit.
2) Faraday's first law states that a changing magnetic flux induces an emf in a circuit. His second law says the induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
3) Lenz's law describes how the induced current will flow in a direction to oppose the change producing it, in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.
1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_INDUCTION.ppt
The document discusses electromagnetic induction and its related concepts. It covers:
1. Faraday's experiments which established that a changing magnetic flux induces an electromotive force (emf) in conductors.
2. Faraday's laws of induction which state that an emf is induced whenever the magnetic flux through a circuit changes, and the magnitude of the induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of flux.
3. Lenz's law which describes the direction of the induced current: it will oppose the change producing it in order to conserve energy.
Methods to induce emf by changing the magnetic flux include changing the magnetic field strength, changing the area of a coil, and changing the coil's
Similar to Magnetic Fields - 203PHYS (20)
Electrical resistivity method ( electrical survey)
Electrical resistivity method ( electrical survey)
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快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
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Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Magnetic Fields - 203PHYS
- 1. 203 PHYS - Physics 2 (for Engineering) Instructor: Dr. Sabar Hutagalung د.هوتاغالونغ سابار Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University Jazan, Saudi Arabia Email: sdhutagalung@gmail.com
- 3. Main Reference • Raymond A. Serway & John W. Jewett, Jr., Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 9th Edition, Brooks/Cole, 2014.
- 4. Ampere’s Law Ampère’s law, can be stated as follows: SI unit of B is Weber/m2 (Wb/m2), called tesla (T). 1 T = 1 Wb/m2 Compasses show the effects of the current in a nearby wire
- 5. Quiz Answer: Ia = 1+5-2 = 4 A Ib = 1-2 = -1 A Ic = 1+5 = 6 A Id = 5-2 = 3A Therefore, c > a > d > b inout
- 6. Quiz a = c = d > b = 0 At b = 0 because no current inside the closed path. ANSWER:
- 8. The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid ---------- l -------
- 9. d d d d d 1 2 3 4 B s = B s B s B s B s Using Ampere’s law: along sides 2 and 4 0 along side 3 d B s B 0 0 0Bl The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid If N is the number of turns in the length, l, the total current through the rectangle is NI. B external
- 10. Quiz Answer: (c) If n high, then B higher.
- 11. Faraday’s Law of Induction Move toward a loop Move away from the loopStationary
- 12. Faraday’s Law of Induction • The emf is directly proportional to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the loop. • Faraday’s law of induction: is the magnetic flux through the loop. If a coil consists of N loops with the same area and FB is the magnetic flux through one loop, an emf is induced in every loop: If q is the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the loop:
- 13. Quiz Answer: (c)
- 14. Some Applications of Faraday’s Law The ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is an interesting safety device that protects users of electrical appliances against electric shock. The production of sound in an electric guitar. The coil in this case, called the pickup coil, is placed near the vibrating guitar string, which is made of a metal that can be magnetized.
- 15. Example: Inducing an emf in a Coil • A coil consists of 200 turns of wire. Each turn is a square of side d = 18 cm, and a uniform magnetic field directed perpendicular to the plane of the coil is turned on. If the field changes linearly from 0 to 0.50 T in 0.80 s, what is the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil while the field is changing? Assume total resistance of the coil and the circuit is 2.0 W, then
- 16. Example: An ExponentiallyDecayingMagnetic Field The maximum emf occurs at t = 0,
- 17. The Chinese Proverb About Money With money you can buy a House but not a Home With money you can buy a Clock but not Time With money you can buy a Bed but not Sleep With money you can buy a Book but not Knowledge With money you can see a Doctor but not Good Health With money you can buy a Position but not Respect With money you can buy Blood but not Life With money you can buy Sex but not Love
Editor's Notes
- Class 14