COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
slide 3
LEVEL- fourth lumbar vertebra
Size-5cm {2-in.}
Regions supplied-pelvic mus,pelvic org,external gentalias, lower limbs
Division- right and left iliac artery
Gives rise to- internal and external i.arteries
slide 7
Internal iliac artery
Primary artery of pelvis
Bifurcation-anterior to sacroiliac joint level of lumbosacral intervertebral disc
Posteriorly-desend into pelvis and divide into anterior and posteror divisions
Regions supply-medial mus of thigh, pelvic muscle wall, pelvic org, e. genetalias, buttox.
slide 9
External iliac artery
Larger than internal iliac artery
Descend along the medial border of psoas major mus following pelvic brim, pass posterior to midportion of inguinal ligaments, and femoral arteries as they pass beneath inguinal ligament and enter thigh
Regions supply-lower abdominal wall, cremaster muscles in males and round ligament of uterus in females and lower limb.
slide 10
Inferior epigastric artery deep circumflex iliac arteries
Femoral artery
-Right femoral artery
-Right deep artery of thigh(deep peroneal)
Popliteal artery
-Anterior tibial
-Posterior tibial
The main artery of the lower limb is the femoral artery. It is a continuation of the external iliac artery (terminal branch of the abdominal aorta). The external iliac becomes the femoral artery when it crosses under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle.
In the femoral triangle, the profunda femoris artery arises from the posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery. It travels posteriorly and distally, giving off three main branches:
Perforating branches – Consists of three or four arteries that perforate the adductor magnus, contributing to the supply of the muscles in the medial and posterior thigh.
Lateral femoral circumflex artery – Wraps round the anterior, lateral side of the femur, supplying some of the muscles on the lateral aspect of the thigh.
Medial femoral circumflex artery – Wraps round the posterior side of the femur, supplying its neck and head. In a fracture of the femoral neck this artery can easily be damaged, and avascular necrosis of the femur head can occur.
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
slide 3
LEVEL- fourth lumbar vertebra
Size-5cm {2-in.}
Regions supplied-pelvic mus,pelvic org,external gentalias, lower limbs
Division- right and left iliac artery
Gives rise to- internal and external i.arteries
slide 7
Internal iliac artery
Primary artery of pelvis
Bifurcation-anterior to sacroiliac joint level of lumbosacral intervertebral disc
Posteriorly-desend into pelvis and divide into anterior and posteror divisions
Regions supply-medial mus of thigh, pelvic muscle wall, pelvic org, e. genetalias, buttox.
slide 9
External iliac artery
Larger than internal iliac artery
Descend along the medial border of psoas major mus following pelvic brim, pass posterior to midportion of inguinal ligaments, and femoral arteries as they pass beneath inguinal ligament and enter thigh
Regions supply-lower abdominal wall, cremaster muscles in males and round ligament of uterus in females and lower limb.
slide 10
Inferior epigastric artery deep circumflex iliac arteries
Femoral artery
-Right femoral artery
-Right deep artery of thigh(deep peroneal)
Popliteal artery
-Anterior tibial
-Posterior tibial
The main artery of the lower limb is the femoral artery. It is a continuation of the external iliac artery (terminal branch of the abdominal aorta). The external iliac becomes the femoral artery when it crosses under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle.
In the femoral triangle, the profunda femoris artery arises from the posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery. It travels posteriorly and distally, giving off three main branches:
Perforating branches – Consists of three or four arteries that perforate the adductor magnus, contributing to the supply of the muscles in the medial and posterior thigh.
Lateral femoral circumflex artery – Wraps round the anterior, lateral side of the femur, supplying some of the muscles on the lateral aspect of the thigh.
Medial femoral circumflex artery – Wraps round the posterior side of the femur, supplying its neck and head. In a fracture of the femoral neck this artery can easily be damaged, and avascular necrosis of the femur head can occur.
pharynx, wall of pharynx, boundaries of pharynx, parts of pharynx, blood supply lympahtic drainage, nerve supply of pharynx, potential weak ares of pharynx, muscles of pharynx, potential weak ares of pharyngeal wall
pharynx, wall of pharynx, boundaries of pharynx, parts of pharynx, blood supply lympahtic drainage, nerve supply of pharynx, potential weak ares of pharynx, muscles of pharynx, potential weak ares of pharyngeal wall
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A simple basic professional content, which is suitable for representation by medical students, physicians and surgeons.
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A simple basic professional content, which is suitable for representation by medical students, physicians and surgeons.
Your comments are more than welcomed.
A simple basic professional content, which is suitable for representation by medical students, physicians and surgeons.
Your comments are more than welcomed.
A simple basic professional content, which is suitable for representation by medical students, physicians and surgeons.
Your comments are more than welcomed.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
3. Venous Capillary
End: Drains 17 L /day
of circulatory blood
to the heart
Arterial Capillary End:
Brings 20 L/day of circulatory
blood to the tissues
Lymphatic Capillaries :
Drain the remaining 3L of
Interstitial Plasma back to
venous circulation
4.
5.
6. Plan Of Lymphatic Drainage
Superficial Lymphatic's (accompany superficial veins)
Superficial L.N.s
Communicating Lymphatic's
Deep L.N.s
Deep Lymphatic's (accompany arteries)
Lymph Trunks
Either:
1. Rt Lymphatic Duct
2. Thoracic Duct
Venous
Circulation
9. Plan of Head & Neck Lymphatic Drainage
A. The components of this system include:
1. superficial nodes around the head along the
external jugular vein
2. deep cervical nodes forming a chain along the
internal jugular vein
B. The basic pattern of drainage is that:
1. superficial lymphatic vessels to drain to the
superficial nodes
2. Some of these drain to the superficial cervical nodes
on their way to the deep cervical nodes
3. others drain directly to the deep cervical nodes.
10. Superficial lymph nodes (SLN)
• groups of superficial lymph nodes form a ring around the head and are
primarily responsible for the lymphatic drainage of the face and scalp.
• Their pattern of drainage is around the area of distribution of the arteries
• Include the followings:
1. occipital nodes,
2. mastoid nodes,
3. parotid nodes,
4. submandibular nodes
5. submental nodes
5
11. Lymphatic drainage from SLNs have
several directions:
1. From:
1. From:
superficial cervical LNs
(along the Ex.J.V)
Occipital LNs
Mastoid LNs
Pre-auricular LNs
Parotid LNs,
Submandibular LNs
Submental LNs
Deep Cervical LNs
(along I.J.V)
13. 1. Occipital LNs:
near the attachment of the
Trapezius muscle to the skull
and associated with the
occipital artery, lymphatic
drainage is from the
posterior scalp and neck
14. 2. Mastoid LNs (retro-auricular
/posterior auricular LNs):
posterior to the ear near the
attachment of Sternocleido-
mastoid muscle and associated
with the posterior auricular aa. ,
lymphatic drainage is from the
posterolateral half of the scalp
15. 3. Pre-auricular and parotid LNs. :
anterior to the ear and associated with
the superficial temporal and transverse
facial arteries lymphatic drainage is from
the anterior surface of:
the auricle,
the anterolateral scalp,
the upper half of the face,
the eyelids, and
the cheeks;
16. 4. Submandibular nodes:
inferior to the body of the
mandible and associated with
the facial artery— lymphatic
drainage is from structures
along the path of the facial
artery as high as the forehead,
as well as the gingivae, the
teeth, and the tongue;
17. 5. Submental nodes:
inferior and posterior to
the chin— lymphatic
drainage is from the
center part of the lower
lip, the chin, the floor of
the mouth, the tip of the
tongue, and the lower
incisor teeth.
18. Superficial cervical lymph nodes
are a collection of lymph nodes along
the E. J.V on the superficial surface of
the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They
primarily receive lymphatic drainage
from the posterior and posterolateral
regions of the scalp through the
occipital and mastoid nodes, and send
lymphatic vessels in the direction of
the deep cervical nodes.
19. Deep cervical lymph nodes (DLNs)
• are a collection of lymph nodes
that form a chain along the IJV.
• They are divided into upper &
lower groups where the
intermediate tendon of the
omohyoid muscle crosses the
common carotid artery and the
internal jugular vein.
20. • The most superior node in the
upper deep cervical group
is the jugulodigastric node.
This large node is where the
posterior belly of the digastric
muscle crosses the I.J.V and
receives lymphatic drainage from
the tonsils and tonsillar region.
1. Jugulodigastric LN
21. associated with the lower deep
cervical group because it is at or
just inferior to the intermediate
tendon of the omohyoid muscle,
is the jugulo-omohyoid node .
This node receives lymphatic
drainage from the tongue.
2. Jugulo-omohyoid LN
22. • The DLNs eventually all lymph-atic
drainage from the head and neck either directly
or through regional groups of nodes.
• From the deep cervical nodes, lymphatic vessels
form the right and left jugular trunks, which
empty into the right lymphatic duct on the right
side or the thoracic duct on the left side.
Receive
23. Superior deep cervical
Inferior deep cervical
Prelaryngeal
Paratracheal
pretracheal
C
Lymph nodes, lymphatic
trunks and thoracic ducts
40. Axillary LNs
• All lymphatics from the upper limb, shoulder 75% of
the mammary gland drain into LNs in the axilla
• In addition, axillary LNs receive drainage from an
extensive area on the adjacent trunk, which includes
regions of the upper back, the lower neck, the chest,
and the upper anterolateral abdominal wall.
41. Axillary nodes also receive drainage from
approximately The 20–30 axillary nodes are generally
divided into five groups on the basis of location:
1. Humeral (lateral) nodes
2. Pectoral (anterior) nodes
3. Subscapular (posterior) nodes
4. Central nodes
5. Apical nodes
43. Pectoral (anterior) nodes
• occur along the inferior margin
of the pectoralis minor muscle
along the course of the lateral
thoracic vessels and receive
drainage from the abdominal
wall, the chest, and the
mammary gland.
44. Subscapular (posterior) nodes
on the posterior axillary wall in
association with the subscapular
vessels drain the posterior
axillary wall and receive
lymphatics from the back, the
shoulder, and the neck.
45. Central nodes
are embedded in axillary fat and
receive tributaries from
humeral, subscapular, and
pectoral groups of nodes.
46. Apical nodes
are the most superior group of nodes
in the axilla, at the lateral border
of 1st rib and drain all other groups
of nodes in the region. In addition,
they receive lymphatic vessels that
accompany the cephalic vein as well
as vessels that drain the superior
region of the mammary gland.
47. • Efferent vessels from the apical group
converge to form the subclavian trunk
(Rt. Lymphatic duct), which usually joins the
venous system at the junction between the
right subclavian vein and the right internal
jugular vein in the neck. On the left, the
subclavian trunk usually joins the thoracic
duct in the base of the neck.
65. Tracheobronchial LNs
A single lymphatic vessel ascend
Between PA and LA
Lymphatic vessels
in coronary grooves
Subendocardial lymphatic plexus
Lymphatics Of The Heart