LXC (Linux Containers) are lightweight virtual machines created using kernel-level virtualization rather than a hypervisor. The document discusses LXC, including that it provides operational system-level virtualization allowing multiple isolated systems to run on a single host. It also covers main LXC implementations like LXC, Docker, and OpenVZ which are written in C or Go and have stable codebases. Basic usage of LXC like creating, starting, and stopping containers is demonstrated.

1. LXC
Introduction
Lus Eduardo
lets@cin.ufpe.br
Federal University of Pernambuco
November 2014
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 1 / 19

2. Summary
1 De

3. nition
2 General
3 Implementations
Main implementations
4 Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 2 / 19

4. De

5. nition
Linux Containers (LXC for LinuX Containers) are lightweight virtual
machines (VMs) which are realized using features provided by a
modern Linux kernel { VMs without the hypervisor.
Operational system-level virtualization method for running multiples
and isolated systems (containers) on a single host.
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 3 / 19

6. General
Lightweight process virtualization is not new
Chroot
Solaris Zones
BSD jails
AIX WPARs (Workload Partitions)
Linux-based containers projects
Why now?
Kernel Support +3.8(Febuary 2013)
Namespaces
Cgroups
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 4 / 19

7. Implementations
Figure: Several ways to use container. Source:Wikipedia
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 5 / 19

8. Summary
1 De

9. nition
2 General
3 Implementations
Main implementations
4 Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 6 / 19

10. Main implementations
LXC
Mostly written in C
Stable and mature codebase
Docker
Mostly written in Go
Stable and mature codebase
Similar architecture with con

11. guration management
OpenVZ
Mostly written in C
Stable and mature codebase
Project that gave rise to several other
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 7 / 19

12. Summary
1 De

13. nition
2 General
3 Implementations
Main implementations
4 Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 8 / 19

14. Installation
Debian distributions
$ sudo apt-get install lxc
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 9 / 19

15. Summary
1 De

16. nition
2 General
3 Implementations
Main implementations
4 Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus Eduardo lets@cin.ufpe.br (UFPE) LXC November 2014 10 / 19

17. Usage
Test installation:
Check con

18. gurations
$ sudo lxc-checkcon

19. g
Figure: lxc-checkcon