Lok Sangharsh December 2014 Issue TITLE Discussing Social Issues in Lok Sangharsh TITLE Highlighting Grassroots Voices in Lok Sangharsh Magazine

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fo;us k d s ;gnw h&fojk/s kh çdk'kuk as dk ;g
[kkl pfj= FkkA tlS k fd ckn e as Ý[a kkfs u;k
d s fgVyj d s ,d [kkl pep]s U;jw es cxZ ds
^v'yhy lkIrkfgd* ^Der Stuermer* ds
ekfyd e as n[s kk x;k] og ,d ?kkfs "kr fod`r
ekufldrk dk O;fä Fkk vkSj fgVyj ds
'kklu ¼FkM Z jkb[k½ dk lcl s ?k.` kkLin O;fä
FkkA ehu dES Q e as ;gfw n;k as dh ,ls h&rlS h
dju s d s fy, t?kU; lda rs k as okyh ckr as Hkjh
gqbZ g aS fd ;gnw h eklew bZlkbZ yMf+ d;k as dks
Qkl¡ r s g aS vkjS bl çdkj mud s [kuw dk s xna k
djr s gAaS fgVyj gh ^^f?kukuS ]s dfq Vy] pkyckt
gjkeh ;gfw n;k as }kjk ldS Mk+ as gtkjk as yMf+ d;kas
dk s Qqlyku s dh Mjkouh dgkfu;k*¡ * fy[k
ldrk gAS :MkYs Q vkYs Mus dgrk g S fd
fgVyj d s bl ;gnw h&fojk/s k dh tM + eas
mldh nfer dkeqd okluk, ¡ gk s ldrh gAaS
;|fi rc og chl&iPphl lky dk FkkA
tgk ¡ rd tkudkjh g]S fo;us k dh mldh
;k=k e as mldk vkjS rk as l s fdlh çdkj dk
dkbs Z lca /a k ugh a gqvk FkkA
^^fgVyj vkx s dgrk g]S ^^/khj&s /khjs
e aS mul s uQjr dju s yxkA ;gh og le;
Fkk tc ejs s thou e as lcl s cMk+ vkfRed
Hkpw ky vk;k FkkA e aS vc detkjs ?kVq uk as okyk
'kgjh ugh a jg x;kA ;gnw h&fojk/s kh gk s x;kA**
¼ogh] i`"B % 63&64½
^^viu s cqj s vra d s le; rd og
,d v/a kk mUeknh gh cuk jgkA ekrS d s dqN
?kVa s igy s fy[kh xb Z viuh vfUre olh;r eas
Hkh mlu s ;q) d s fy, ;gfw n;k as dk s ftEens kj
Bgjk;k] tcfd bl ;q) dk s mlh u s 'kq:
fd;k Fkk tk s vc ml s vkjS FkM Z jkbt dk s [kRe
dj jgk FkkA ;g /k/kdrh gbq Z uQjr] ftlus
ml lkezkT; d s bru s lkj s teZuk as dk s xzl
fy;k Fkk] vra r% bru s Hk;da j vkjS bru s cMs+
ieS ku s d s dRy&s vke dk dkj.k cuh fd
mlu s lH;rk d s 'kjhj ij ,ls k cnuqek nkx
NkMs + fn;k g S tk s ml le; rd dk;e jgxs k
tc rd bl /kjrh ij bla ku jgxs kA** ¼William
L- Shirer] The Rise and Fall of the Third
Reich, Fawcett Crest, New York] NBk
lLa dj.k] tuw 1989] i`"B % 47&48½
;gk ¡ mYy[s kuh; g S fd Hkkjr eas
l?a k ifjokfj;k as d s chp fgVyj dh vkRedFkk
êhu dES Q* ,d ykds fç; fdrkc g]S tcfd
lk/kkj.k rkjS ij bl fdrkc dk s nqfu;k eas
cgqr gh mckÅ vkSj viBuh; fdrkc ekuk
tkrk gAS yfs du] teZu bfrgkldkj ouZj
els j d s 'kCnk as e]as ^^ykxs k as u s fgVyj dh ml
viBuh; iqLrd dk s xHa khjrk l s ugh a i<k+ A
;fn ,ls k fd;k x;k gkrs k rk s nqfu;k vuds
cckZfn;k as l s cp ldrh FkhA** ¼n[s k]as fgVylZ
ehu dES Q ,us ,ukfyfll½ ijw h rjg ls
fgVyj d s gh uD'k&s dne ij pyr s gq,
Hkkjr e as lkça nkf;d uQjr d s vk/kkj ij ,d
QkflLV vkjS foLrkjoknh 'kklu dh LFkkiuk
d s mí's ; l s vkj,l,l dk tUe gqvk FkkA
bld s igy s lj l?a kpkyd] xq: xkys oydj
d s 'kCnk as e]as viuh tkfr vkjS lLa —fr dh
vxj vkiu s fgVyj dh
vkRedFkk êhu dES Q* dk s i<k+ gk s rk s bl ckr
dk s le>u s e as 'kk;n vkidk s ,d {k.k Hkh ugha
yxxs k fd lkça nkf;d uQjr QyS ku s d s mí's ;
l s Hkkjr e as vHkh py jg s ^yo tgs kn* uked
vuk[s k s vfHk;ku dk eyw lkz rs D;k gAS fgVyj
;gfw n;k as d s ckj s e as ;gh dgk djrk Fkk fd ^^;s
xna s vkjS dqfVy ykxs eklew bZlkbZ yMf+ d;kas
dk s cgyk&Qqlyk dj] mudk s viu s çes
tky e as Ql¡ k dj mudk [kuw xna k fd;k
djr s gAaS **
;gk ¡ ge fgVyj d s 'kklu ¼FkMZ
jkb[k½ ds nqfu;k ds lcls çkekf.kd
bfrgkldkj fofy;e ,y- f'kjj dh iqLrd
^The Rise and Fall of Third Reich* d s ,d
NkVs s l s v'a k dk s j[k jg s g]aS ftle as f'kjj us
fgVyj dh ,ls h gh ?k`f.kr ckrk as dk s m)`r
djr s gq, mudk s fo'yfs "kr fd;k gAS 'kk;n]
bld s ckn Hkkjr e as l?a k ifjokj d s ykxs k as ds
^yo tgs kn* vfHk;ku dh lPpkbZ d s ckj s eas
dgu s d s fy, vkjS dqN ugh a jg tk,xkA
f'kjj viuh bl iqLrd d s igy s v/;k;
^Birth of the Third Reich* d s vfa re fgLl s eas
fy[kr s g aS %
^^fgVyj ,d fnu fo;us k 'kgj ds
Hkhrjh fgLl s e as ?kew u s d s viu s vuHq ko dk s ;kn
djr s gq, dgrk g]S ^^vpkud ejs k lkeuk
cxycna okyk dkyk pkxas k igu s ,d Hkrw ls
gk s x;kA euaS s lkps k] D;k ;g ;gnw h gS fyRa l
'kgj esa rks ;s fn[kkbZ ugha nsrsA eSaus
pqid&s pqid s ml vkneh dk s /;ku l s n[s kk]
mlds fons'kh psgjs] mlds ,d&,d
ukd&uD'k dk s ftruk /;ku l s n[s krk x;k]
ejs s vna j igy s loky u s u;k :i y s fy;kA
D;k og teZu gS **¼vMkYs Q fgVyj] êhu
dES Q*] vejhdh lLa dj.k] ckLs rkus ] 1943]
i`"B % 56½
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yxk;k tk ldrk gSA fQj Hkh og dgrk gS]
tokc d s igy s mlu s ^^fdrkck as d s tfj,
viu s lna gs dk s njw dju s dk QlS yk fd;kA**
mu fnuk as fo;us k e as tk s ;gnw h&fojk/s kh lkfgR;
dkQh fcd jgk Fkk] og mle as [kk s x;kA fQj

'kq)rk cuk, j[ku s d s fy, teZuh u s n's k ls
lkeh tkfr;k&as ;gfw n;k as dk lQk;k djd s fo'o
dk s pkdaS k fn;k gAS tkfr ij xoZck/s k ;gk¡
viu s lokZPas p :i e as O;ä gqvk gAS teZuh us
;g Hkh crk fn;k g S fd lkjh lfnPNkvk as ds
ckotnw ftu tkfr;k as vkjS lLa —fr;k as d s chp
eyw xkeh QdZ gk]s mUg as ,d :i e as dHkh ugha
feyk;k tk ldrk gAS fgna qLrku e as ge ykxs kas
d s ykHk d s fy, ;g ,d vPNk lcd gAS **
¼,e-,l-xkys oydj] oh v‚j vkoj u's kugqM
fMQkbUM] i`"B % 35½
vkj,l,l dh xhrk le>h tkus
okyh xkys oydj dh iqLrd **oh vkj vkoj
u's kugMq fMQkbUM** tc igyh ckj 1939 eas
çdkf'kr gqbZ rk s mldh Hkfw edk rRdkyhu
,0vkbZ0lh0lh0 d s lnL; vkjS tku&s ekus
urs k ykds uk;d ,e-,l- v.k s u s fy[kh FkhA
yfs du mYy[s kuh; g S fd igy s lLa dj.k ds
ckn gh vkj-,l-,l- okyk as u s bl iqLrd ls
v.k s lkgc dh bl **eYw ;oku** Hkfw edk dks
gVk fn;kA
v.k s lkgc dh Hkfw edk dk s vPNh
rjg i<u+ s l s gh fgVyj çes h xkys oydj ds
v.k s lkgc dh Hkfw edk d s çfr Hk; d s dkj.k
lkQ rkjS ij le> e as vk tkr s gAaS v.k s lkgc
u s viuh Hkfw edk e as bl iqfLrdk dk bl
egÙoi.w kZ fo"k; ij py jgh cgl e as ,d
fnypLi ;kxs nku crkr s g,q ;gk ¡ rd Lohdkj
fd;k Fkk fd pf¡w d Hkkjr dh vkcknh dk
fo'kky cgeq r fgUn w g S blfy, **Hkkjr e[q ;r%
,d fgUn w jk"V]ª fgUnLq rku gAS ** yfs du blds
ckn gh v.k s u s xkys oydj d s –f"Vdk.s k ij
dqN cqfu;knh ç'u [kM s+ fd, FkAs mUgkuas s
fy[kk fd **bu fu"d"kkZ s l s jktuhfrKk as ds
lkeu s tk s O;kogkfjd leL;k, ¡ [kMh+ gkrs h g]aS
o s vR;Ur xgjh g Sa rFkk mu ij lko/kkuh vkjS
/khjt d s lkFk fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A e>q s
yxrk g S fd elq yekuk as d s LFkku dh leL;kvkas
d s ckj s e as fopkj djr s oä y[s kd ¼xkys oydj½
u s fgUn w jk"Vhª ;rk rFkk fgUn w jk"V ª d s lkoHZ kkeS
jkT; d s chp d s Qd Z dk s ge's kk /;ku e as ugha
j[kk gAS ,d lkoZHkkeS jkT; d s :i e as fgUnw
jk"V ª ,d lkLa —frd jk"Vhª ;rk d s :i eas
fgUn w jk"V ª l s ijw h rjg fHkUu pht gAS fdlh
Hkh vk/kqfud jk"V ª u s fofHkUUk jk"Vhª ;rkvk as ds
viu s vf/koklh vYil[a ;dk as dk s ukxfjdrk
d s vf/kdkj l s ofa pr ugh a fd;k g S ;fn os
Lor% LQrw Z <xa l s ;k dkuuw d s }kjk jk"V ª ds
LokHkkfod vxa cu x, gkAas vYil[a ;d ds
:i e as ukxfjdrk d s lHkh vf/kdkjk as d s lkFk
gh viuh lLa —fr] Hkk"kk vkjS /keZ dk s ljq f{kr
j[ku s dh fo'k"s k O;oLFkk, ¡ dyq feykdj fdlh
Hkh jkT; d s lkoZHkkfS edrk d s vf/kdkjk as ds
ç;kxs d s lkFk ces ys ugh a ekuh xbZ gAaS dkbs Z
Hkh vk/kqfud U;k;'kkL=h ;k jktuSfrd
n'kuZ 'kkL=h ;k loa /S kkfud dkuuw dk fo|kFkhZ
iqLrd d s ikp¡ o as v/;k; e as dgh xbZ y[s kd
dh bl ckr dk s Lohdkj ugh a dj ldrkA**
bld s ckn gh v.k s u s xkys oydj
d s ml dFku dk s m)`r fd;k g S ftleas
mUgkuas s dgk Fkk fd jk"V ª d s ckj s e as muds
crk, gq, ikp¡ l?a kVd rÙok as l s ckgj iMu+ s
oky s O;fä dk ml oä rd jk"Vhª ; thou
e as dkbs Z LFkku ugh a gk s ldrk] tc rd og
jk"V ª d s /keZ] lLa —fr vkjS Hkk"kk dk s viukdj
ijw h rjg jk"Vhª ; uLy e as Lo; a dk s feyk ugha
yrs kA **tc rd o s viu s uLytkr] /kkfeZd
vkjS lkLa —frd foHkns k as dk s cuk, j[kr s g aS rc
rd o s flQ Z fon's kh dgyk ldr s g]aS tk s jk"Vª
d s çfr fe=krki.w k Z Hkh gk s ldr s g aS vkjS 'k=rq ki.w kZ
HkhA**
bl m)j.k d s ckn gh ykds uk;d
v.k s u s fy[kk fd **ejs s eu e as bl ckj s e as dkbs Z
lUngs ugh a g S fd yhx v‚Q u's kUl dh
vYil[a ;d lEc/a kh laf/k dk /khjt ls
v/;;u dju s ij y[s kd u s bruh /k`"Vrk ds
lkFk tk s ckr dgh g]S mldk dkbs Z LFkku jg
tkrkA lkLa —frd rkjS ij vYil[a ;dk as dks
viu s /kkfeZd vkpkj dk s cuk, j[ku s rFkk
mldk ikyu dju s dh vuqefr nus s vkjS
mudh lLa —fr dh j{kk d s vuqdyw fLFkfr;k¡
cuku s l s fdlh Hkh jkT; dh lkoHZ kkfS edrk ij
dkbs Z çHkko ugh a iMr+ k] c'krZ s o s lkoZtfud
ufS rdrk vkjS uhfr dk mYy?a ku u djAas
fdlh Hkh n's k e as inS k gqvk dkbs Z Hkh O;fä]
ftld s iqj[kk as dk s lfn;k as l s ukxfjdrk ds
vf/kdkj çkIr jg s g]aS fdlh Hkh vk/kfq ud jkT;
e as flQ Z blfy, fon's kh ugh a ekuk tk ldrk
g S fd og ml n's k dh cglq [a ;d vkcknh] tks
LokHkkfod rkSj ij ml jkT; ij fu;U=.k
j[krh g]S l s fHkUu /ke Z dk s viuk, g,q gAS bl
chloh a lnh e as fdlh Hkh ckgjh O;fä ds
çd`frdj.k dh 'krZ /keZ ifjorZu ugh a gks
ldrkA**
blh Hkfw edk e as v.k s u s jk"Vhª ;rk ds
ekey s e as /keZ dh Hkfw edk ij Hkh loky [kMs+
fd, g aS vkjS ,d LFkku ij ;gk ¡ rd dg fn;k
g S fd **e aS ;g Hkh tkMs u+ k pkgrk g ¡w fd y[s kd
u s mu ykxs k as d s çfr] tk s jk"Voª kn d s muds
fl}kUr dk s Lohdkj ugh a djr]s ftl dBkjs
vkjS mÙkts d Hkk"kk dk ç;kxs fd;k g]S og
jk"Vªokn dh rjg dh ,d tfVy leL;k ds
fy, vko';d oSKkfud v/;;u dh e;kZnk
d s vuqdyw ugh a gAS bl Hkfw edk e as bu ckrkas
dk mYy[s k djuk e>q s d"Vnk;h çrhr gkrs k
gAS yfs du e aS le>rk g ¡w fd bu mijkäs
fo"k;k as ij viuh jk; dk s fcYdqy lkQ vkjS
Li"V 'kCnk as e as u j[kdj e aS viu s çfr gh
xSj&bZekunkj vkSj vU;k;iw.kZ gksrkA**
¼xkys oydj] ogh] i`- 14 l s 18½
xkys oydj u s bl fdrkc d s igys
lLa dj.k d s viu s çkDdFku e as v.k s lkgc ds
çfr dkQh vkHkkj çdV fd;k Fkk vkSj fy[kk
Fkk fd **;g ejs s fy, O;fäxr rkjS ij
çlUurk dh ckr g S fd y[s ku d s {k=s e as vc
rd vutku ejs s tlS s O;fä d s bl çFke
ç;kl dh Hkfw edk ykds uk;d ,e-,l- v.k s us
fy[khA ,d egku rFkk fu%LokFkZ n's kHkä]
vR;Ur fo}ku rFkk xgu fpUrd gkus s ds
ukr]s tlS k euaS s lkps k Fkk] mudh Hkfw edk us
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¼xkys oydj] **oh* i`"B 3½ ç'u ;g g S fd
,e0,l0 v.k s dh ftl Hkfw edk dk s [kqn
xkys oydj u s fdrkc dk eYw ; c<k+ u s okyh
Hkfw edk dgk] ml s gh iqLrd d s ckn ds
lLa dj.kk as l s gVk D;k as fn;k x;k
bl çlxa dk s ;gk ¡ mBku s l s gekjk
rkRi;Z ;g g S fd v.k s u s viuh Hkfw edk eas
xkys oydj dh iqLrd e as vYil[a ;dk as ds
vf/kdkj d s ckj s e as mudh ,d xyr vok/
kkj.kk dh vkjs flQ Z b'kkjk Hkj ugh a fd;k Fkk]
mUgkuas s vuk;kl gh vkj-,l-,l- d s lcls
eyw Hkrw fopkjk as ij çgkj dj fn;k FkkA
eqlyekuk as d s fo#) l[r uQjr vkjS ?k`.kk
gh rk s og vkk/kkj g S ftl ij vkj-,l-,l-vkjS
mld s l?a k ifjokj d s >Bw dh ijw h
bekjr fVdh gqbZ gAS fdlh Hkh otg l s ;fn
og uhoa gh detkjs gk s tk, rk s fQj lkEçnkf;d
?k.` kk d s vkk/kkj ij ijw s n's k ij viuh QkflLV
rkuk'kkgh yknu s d s lfa ?k;k as d s liuk as dk
egy pjw pjw ugh a gk s tk,xk!

vkj-,l-,l- d s ckj s e as lcl s igys
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,d ugh]a vuds LFkkuk as ij bl ckr dk s nkgs jk;k
g S fd Hkkjr e as vkj-,l-,l- dk Hkfo"; cgrq
gn rd Hkkjr&ikfdLrku lEc/a kk as ij fuHkjZ
djrk gAS djq kuZ u s ;g Hkh ukVs fd;k Fkk fd
vkj-,l-,l- d s çpkj dk lcl s cMk+ eíq k
elq yeku&fojk/s k gAS thou d s vuHq kok as l s Hkh
gj dkbs Z bl ckr dk s le> ldrk g S fd
lfa ?k;k as dk lcl s cMk+ /ke Z elq yekuk asd s f[kykQ
xUnh&l&s xUnh ckrk as d s çpkj d s vykok vkjS
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xkys oydj l s yds j bud s reke pys s rd
,d nlw j s l s ykgs k yrs s gAaS
xkjS dju s yk;d ckr ;g g S fd
vU; vuds ckrk as dh rjg gh eqlyekuk as ds
f[kykQ vR;Ur lqfu;kfs tr <xa l s ?k`.kk ds
çpkj dk dke Hkh vkj-,l-,l- e as xkys oydj
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xkys oydj u s fdlh vkjS dk s ugh]a fgVyj
dk s gh viuk xq: cuk;k FkkA ftl çdkj
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xkys oydj vkjS vkj-,l-,l- u s Hkkjr eas
gcw g w mlh 'kyS h ij eqlyekuk as d s f[kykQ
çpkj d s dk;Z dk s viuk;kA
;gfw n;k as d s f[kykQ **vk; Z J"s Brk**
dh fgVyj dh lkjh nyhyk as dk ekVs s rkjS ij
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lH;rk vkjS lLa —fr tqMh+ gqbZ gAS blhfy,
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tkfr vk;Z tkfr gAS nqfu;k dh J"s B tkfr
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gkfly fd;k tk ldrk gAS ;g dk; Z nfq u;k
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fy, t:jh gAS teZuk as e as ;g ijkØe tkx`r
djuk gkxs kA ;gnw h ykxs vk;kZ s d s jkLr s dh
lcl s cMh+ ck/kk gASa ; s teuZ tkfr d s vkUrfjd
'k=q gAaS ; s o s ykxs g aS tk s viu s ets ckuk as ds
lkFk Hkk"kk vkfn d s ekey s e as feytqy x, gaS
yfs du eu l s ge's kk ;gnw h jgr s g]aS dHkh Hkh
ets cku jkT; d s lPp s ukxfjd ugh a gkrs As os
cgqr gh ykyph vkjS —i.k gkrs s gAaS mudh
viuh dkbs Z lH;rk ugh a gAS o s eyw r% xUn]s
bZ";kZyq vkjS vkRe&R;kx l s jfgr ykxs gAaS
teZuh e as o s ,d ,ls h vkcknh g aS ftldk
viuk dkbs Z n's k ugh a gAS o s teZuh dh reke
detkfs j;k as d s eyw e as gAaS vkjS rk s vkjS ] os
teZu yMf+ d;k as dk s Ql¡ k dj vk;kZ s dh uLy
dk s xUnk djr s gAaS mud s f[kykQ dh tkus
okyh dkjZokbZ bZ'oj dk vkn's k gAS mudk
lQk;k djd s gh J"s B teZu&tkfr fo'o ij
vk;k sZ d s vkf/kiR; d s b'Z ojh; U;k; ij vey
dj ldrh gSA
;gfw n;k as d s f[kykQ eueku s <xa
l s fgVyj yxkrkj bl çdkj dk xUnk vkjS
ijw h rjg >Bw k çpkj fd;k djrk FkkA fgVyj
d s mn; d s igy s teZuh d s bfrgkl vkjS
lLa —fr e as ;gfw n;k as dk tk s vonku jgk] bls
lkjh nfq u;k tkurh gAS lkfgR; vkjS lLa df` r]
fpfdRlk 'kkL=] jlk;u 'kkL=] HkkSfrdh]
fo'o'kkfUr vkfn reke fo"k;k as e as teZuh ds
;gnw h fuokfl;k as dk s ukcs ys ijq Ldkj fey pdq s
FkAs vdys s 1905 l s 1926 d s dky e]as tc
fgVyj dh fdrkc **ehu dES Q** dk nlw jk
[k.M çdkf'kr gvq k Fkk] teuZ h d s ftu ;gnw h
ukxfjdk as dk s ukcs ys iqjLdkj fey]s o s Fk s %
,MkYs Q oku c;s j ¼1905] jlk;u 'kkL=½]
iky ,gfyZd ¼1908] fpfdRlk 'kkL=½] iky
gls ¼1910] lkfgR;½] vkVs k s okyl ¼1910]
jlk;u 'kkL=½] vkYÝMs ÝkbM ¼1911] 'kkfUr½]
jkcVZ cjkuh ¼1914] fpfdRlk 'kkL=½] fÝt
gcS j ¼1918] jlk;u 'kkL=½] vycV Z vkbUZ LVhu
¼1921] HkkfS rd foKku½] vkVs k s e;s js kQs ¼1922]
fpfdRlk 'kkL=½] xLq rko gVt~Z ¼1926] HkkfS rd
foKku½A
blh çdkj dfo;ksa] ys[kdksa]
fp=dkjka]s laxhrdkjka]s vfHkurs kvk sa e sa Hkh
teZuoklh ;gnw h fdlh l s de ugh]a cfYd
vkx s gh FkAs
fgVyj dHkh Hkh ;gfw n;k as dk s flQZ
,d /kkfedZ leqnk; ugh a ekurk FkkA fgVyj
d s 'kCnk as e as **[kqn dk s /kkfeZd leqnk; dguk
mudh pkyckth g]S rkfd o s fo'o çHkqRo dh
viuh ;kts ukvk as ij ink Z Mky ldAas ** dkbs Z Hkh
;gnw h Hkk"kk dk ç;kxs viu s okLrfod fopkjkas
dh vfHkO;fä d s fy, ugh]a mUg as fNiku s ds
fy, djrk gAS tc ,d ;gnw h viu s **ets cku
ykxs k*as dh Hkk"kk e as ckys rk g]S ;gk ¡ rd fd tc
ml Hkk"kk e as og dfork Hkh fy[krk g S rc Hkh
og flQ Z ,d ;gnw h d s :i e as lkps k djrk gS
vkjS **viuh uLy d s pfj= dh gh vfHkO;fä
djrk gAS ** ¼ouZj els j] fgVylZ ehu dES Q %
,u ,ukfyfll] i`- 152&168 l½s A
vc ;fn ge fgVyj d s bl vuxyZ
çpkj ds lkeus eqlyekuksa ds f[kykQ
xkys oydj d s çpkj dk s j[k as rk s nkus k as d s chp
,d vuk[s kk lkE; fn[kkbZ nxs kA
xkys oydj dh 'kCnkoyh e as % ^^fgUnw
vFkkrZ ~ vk; Z tkfr vufxur o"kk saZ l s bl /kjrh
dh gh mit g S vkjS bl n's k dh LokHkkfod
ekfyd gAS ;gh a geu s vukfn] vik#S "k;s ons kas
dh jpuk dh] czã dk viuk n'kZu rS;kj
fd;k tk s bl fo"k; ij vfUre lR; g]S vius
foKku vkjS dyk dk fuek.Z k fd;kA fgUn w ,d
egku jk"Vª] ,d egku tkfr gSA ;g tkfr
prs uk dHkh ej ugh a ldrhA fdlh Hkh geykoj
e as bl tkfr ij vkf/kiR; dh 'kfä ugh a jghA
vkB lk S o"kk aZs d s yxkrkj ;q)k as d s chp ;g
tkfr fot;h jgh gAS fgUn w tkfr vt;s gAS
tcl s igyh ckj elq yekuk as u s bl /kkjrh ij
dne j[kk] rcl s yds j bl ?kMh+ rd fgUnw
jk"V ª vkrrkb;k as l s eqfä d s fy, cgknqjh ds
lkFk yM + jgk gAS tkfr Hkkouk tkx jgh gAS
o s fnu njw ugh a tc nqfu;k bl s n[s kdj ;k
rk s vkrda l s dki¡ xs h ;k [k'q kh l s >ew mBxs hA**
¼xkys oydj] **oh*] i`- 8&12½
^^vko';drk fgUnqvk as d s ijkØe
dk s tkx`r dju s dh gAS elq yeku gekj s jk"Vª
d s vkUrfjd nq'eu gAaS o s fgUn w jk"V ª ds
vkUrfjd lda V gAaS mudh vkØked uhfr
lnoS nkgs jh jgh gAS bl jk"V ª d s f[kykQ
mudk lrr~ :i l s vkØe.k tkjh jgk gAS
ckjg lk S o"kZ iow Z tc eqlyekuk as u s ;gk ¡ ijS
j[kk] mudh ;gh vkdk{a kk jgh fd bl lEi.w kZ
n's k dk /kekUZ rj.k djd s xyq ke cuk;k tk,A
xq.Mkxhjh mudk LoHkko gAS lEi.w kZ n's k eas
tgk¡ Hkh ,d efLtn ;k eqlyekuh eqgYyk
g]S elq yeku le>r s g aS fd og mudk viuk
Lor=a çn's k gAS n's k d s vUnj ftruh efq Lye
cfLr;k ¡ g aS o s ,d&,d y?kq ikfdLrku g]aS
tgk ¡ n's k dk dkuuw ugh a pyrk] n"q Vk as d s eu

dh ygj gh vfUre fu;e gAS çk;% gj LFkku
ij ,ls s eqlyeku g aS tk s Vkª UlehVj d s }kjk
ikfdLrku l s lrr~ lEidZ LFkkfir fd, gaS
vkjS vYil[a ;d gkus s d s ukr s lkekU; ukxfjd
d s ugh a vfir q dNq fo'k"s kkf/kdkjk as dk Hkh mi;kxs
djr s gAaS rFkkdfFkr **jk"Vhª ; eqlyeku** Hkh
blh J.s kh d s gAaS egkure ~ **jk"Vhª ; elq yeku**
ekyS kuk vktkn u s Hkh viuh iqLrd e as vius
,ls s efLr"d dk s [kyq s :i l s O;ä fd;k gAS
eqlyeku pkg s ljdkjh mPp ink as ij gk as ;k
mld s ckgj] ?kkjs vjk"Vhª ; lEeys uk as e as 'kkfey
gkrs s gAaS ** ¼xkys oydj] cpa v‚Q FkkVl~ ] 1980]
i`- 233&247½
xkys oydj dgr s g aS **bru s ij Hkh
ge as ;g fo'okl dju s d s fy, dgk tkrk gS
fd ,ls s rÙo bl Hkfw e d s iq= gAaS vf/kd
foyEc gkus s d s iow Z gh bZfIlr /kkj.kk d s yEcs
vkjS vkRe?kkrh lEekgs u dk s ge rjq Ur jkds nas
vkjS jk"V ª dh ljq {kk ,o a lexrz k d s fgrk as dks
lokZPs p LFkku nrs s gq, fLFkfr dh dBkjs
okLrfodrk dk s –<r+ kiow Zd xzg.k djAas **
¼xkys oydj] fopkj uouhr] i- 175½
gMs xos kj] xkys oydj }kjk 'kq:
fd;k x;k elq yekuk as d s f[kykQ ;g f?kukuS k
n"q çpkj vkjS Hkh xUn s vkjS t?kU; :i e as l?a k
ifjokj d s ckdh urs kvk as d s }kjk tkjh gAS
eqlyekuk as dk s o s vuds çdkj dh xUnh
xkfy;k as l s lEckfs /kr djr s gAaS fcuk fdlh
vkk/kkj d s fpYykr s jgr s g aS fd o s ifjokj
fu;kts u dk s ugh a ekur]s pkj&pkj 'kkfn;k¡
djr s g aS vkjS ge's kk bl n's k d s f[kykQ
"kM~;U= e as yx s jgr s gAaS Hkkjrh; thou vkjS
lLa —fr e as bLyke d s veYw ; ;kxs nku dk tks
yEck bfrgkl g]S ftl ij vl[a ; cM&s+ cMs+
xzUFk miyC/k g]Sa mu lcdk s o s >qBykr s vkjS
vLohdkjr s jgr s gAaS lra lkfgR; l s yds j
vk/kqfud lkfgR; rd e]as foKku vkjS çxfr
d s reke {k=s k as e as Hkkjr d s eqlyekuk as dk D;k
vonku g]S bl s ;gk ¡ vyx l s crku s dh
t:jr ugh a gAS
t-s ,- dqjkZu u s viu s 'kk/s k e as vkj-
,l-,l- d s ?kf` .kr eqfLye fojk/s k d s rF; dks
fo'k"s k rkjS ij ukVs djr s gq, fy[kk Fkk fd
l?a kh lHkh eqlyekuk as dk s n's k dk ije 'k=q
le>r s gAaS
**eqlyekuk as d s ç'u ij fcYdqy
lkQ vkjS uXu :i e as vkj,l,l d s ikl
vUrghu xkfy;k ¡ gAaS ijw s efq Lye lEçnk; ij
l?a kifjokj d s lnL; ftruh rkgs er as yxkrs
g]aS o s lhekghu gAaS vkj,l,l **Hkkjr* ds
çR;ds elq yeku dk s ikfdLrku dk okLrfod
;k lEHkkfor tkllw ekurk gAS l?a k d s dk;dZ rkZ
çR;ds **oQknkj ukxfjd* dk ;g drZO;
ekur s g aS fd lHkh Hkkjrh; eqlyekuk as dh
jkts ej Zs dh xfrfof/k;k as ij yxkrkj utj
j[k]as Hky s gh n[s ku s ij og fdruk gh eklew
D;k as u çrhr gkAs 1950 d s olUr d s eghus
e as **vkxuZ kbtj* d s ,d lEikndh; e as ljdkj
l s ekx¡ dh xbZ fd **gekjh ukxfjd los kvkas
dk jk"Vhª ;dj.k fd;k tk,A gekjk ukxfjd
vkSj iqfyl ç'kklu ml oä rd lqjf{kr
ugh a jg ldrk] tc rd ljdkj e as 'kkfey
gj eqlyeku dk s ikfdLrku ugh a Hkts fn;k
tkrkA**¼J.A.Curran Jr. Militant Hinduism in
India Politics] A study of RSS i`- 39½
xkys oydj ge's kk dgk djr s Fks
fd ikfdLrku dkbs Z r;'kqnk elyk ugh a g]S
ge ml s mtkMxas+ As
blh çdkj dh reke ckrk as ij
pyr s gq, vkj,l,l dk ,d l=w h dk;ZØe
eqlyekuk as ij geyk as dh ;kts uk, ¡ cukuk
gkrs k gAS pf¡w d o s gj cLrh dk s ,d y?kq
ikfdLrku ekur s g]aS rFkk ikfdLrku dks
mtkMu+ k viuk drOZ ;] blhfy, o s lfq u;kfstr
<xa l s nxa s djk dj eqfLye vkckfn;k as dks
mtkMu+ s dk jk"Væª kgs h&ekuoækgs h dke ijw h
?k`"Vrk d s lkFk djr s g aS vkjS ,ls s gj nxa s dks
viuh thr vkjS **fgUnqRo dh J"s Brk* dk
çek.k ekur s gAaS
xkys oydj dh rjg gh tul?a k
d s fl)kra dkj vkjS **,dkRe ekuookn* ds
çoäk nhun;ky mik/;k; gAaS vkj,l,l ds
,d çdk'ku u s mud s fopkjk as d s fofo/k i{kkas
ij lkr [kMa k as dh ,d iLq rd&ekyk çdkf'kr
dh gAS bl iqLrd&ekyk e as mud s reke
fopkjk as dk s ,d dæas h; l=w d s :i e as elq yekukas
dk s jktufS rd rkjS ij ijkftr dju s dk
çeq[k y{; Nk;k gvq k gAS o s ;g ekur s g aS fd
tc rd eqlyekuk as dh jktufS rd gfS l;r
dk s ijw h rjg l s jknaS ugh a fn;k tkrk g]S rc
rd mud s **fgna qRo* ij vk/kkfjr jk"V ª dh
LFkkiuk ugh a gk s ldrh gAS xkys oydj dh
rjg gh o s Hkh eqlyekuk as dk s fgna w jk"V ª dk
**vkra fjd lda V* ekur s FkAs
**eqfLye rq"Vhdj.k**] eqlyekukas
dh vkcknh] mue as cgfq ookg dh çFkk vkfn ds
ckj s e as vkj,l,l d s çpkj dk s fcYdqy >Bw k
lkfcr dju s oky s bl chp vuds v/;;u
lkeu s vk pqd s gAaS mu lcdk s ;gk ¡ nkgs jkuk
t:jh ugh a gAS
fgVyj d s pj.k&fpUgk as ij r;S kj
fd;k x;k efq Lye&fo}"s k dk ;g l?a kh jkLrk
gekj s jk"V ª d s fy, fdruk ?kkrd vkjS rckgh
epku s okyk gk s ldrk g]S bl s vkjS fdlh ls
ugh]a fgVyj d s gJ vkjS mldh otg ls
teuZ h }kjk pdq kb Z xb Z dher l s gh tkuk tk
ldrk gAS bl lUnHkZ e as teZuh d s ,d
i=dkj lcs kfrLR;u gkQuj dh iqLrd **n
ehfuxa v‚Q fgVyj** d s vfUre v/;k;
**fo'okl?kkr** l s ,d m)j.k nus k] e>q s yxrk
g S vR;Ur mi;kxs h vkjS f'k{kkçn gk s ldrk
gAS
ble as gkQuj dgr s g aS **;g lpepq
,d dkQh vk'p;Ztud yfs du cgqr de
le>k x;k fnypLi rF; gS fd fgVyj us
ftu jk"Vkª as d s f[kykQ lcl s cM s+ vijk/k fd,
mUg as fdlh Hkh :i e as lcl s T;knk uqdlku
ugh a igpq¡ k;kA fgVyj dh otg l s lkfs o;r
l?a k u s de l s de 1 djkMs + 20 yk[k] mlds
[kqn d s nko s d s vuqlkj 2 djkMs + ykxs k as dh
tku as xo¡ kbZ]a yfs du fgVyj u s ml s ftl
tcnZLr dekZís e d s fy, ck/; fd;k mlus
lkfs o;r l?a k dk s egk'kfä d s Lrj ij mBk
fn;k] tgk ¡ og igy s ugh a FkkA ikys .S M eas
fgVyj u s 60 yk[k ykxs k as dk s ekj Mkyk] ;fn
bue as ikys .S M d s ;gfw n;k as dk s u fxuk tk, rks
30 yk[k ykxs k as dk s ekj Mkyk] yfs du fgVyj
d s ;)q dk ifj.kke ;g gvq k fd ikys .S M ;)q
d s ckn ;q) d s igy s d s fnuk as l s T;knk
etcrw gk s x;kA fgVyj ;gfw n;k as dk leyw
uk'k djuk pkgrk Fkk] viuh 'kfä Hkj mlus
fd;k Hkh] yfs du mld s bl dke u]s ftlus
mud s 40 l s 60 yk[k ykxs k as dk s ekj Mkyk]
ckdh cp s g,q ykxs k as e as ,ls h nLq lkgfldrk dh
'kfä inS k dj nh tk s ;gnw h jkT; d s fuekZ.k
d s fy, t:jh FkhA yxHkx 2]000 o"kkZ s eas
igyh ckj] fgVyj dh otg l s gh ;gfw n;kas
dk s fQj viuk ,d jkT; feykA fcuk fgVyj
d s bljkby u cuk gkrs kA fgVyj u s fczVus
dk dgh a T;knk okLrfod uqdlku igqp¡ k;k]
ftld s fo#) og ;)q NMs u+ k gh ugh a pkgrk

Fkk rFkk ftld s f[kykQ mlu s ge's kk fcuk
eu l]s viuh vk/kh 'kfä d s lkFk ;)q pyk;kA
fgVyj d s ;q) d s ifj.kkeLo:i fczVus us
viuk lkezkT; x¡ok fn;k vkSj vc og oSlh
fo'o'kfä ugh a jg x;k] tlS k dHkh gqvk
djrk FkkA fgVyj d s dkj.k blh çdkj Ýkla
rFkk if'peh ;jw kis d s vf/kdk'a k vU; n's kkas
rFkk jk"Vkª as dh fLFkfr e as fxjkoV vkbAZ yfs du
gj –f"V l s fgVyj u s lcl s vf/kd ftldks
uqdlku igq¡pk;k og gS] teZuhA fgVyj ds
fy, teZuk as u s Hkh Hkh"k.k cfynku fd,] 70
yk[k l s T;knk çk.k x,A ;gfw n;k as vkjS ikyS .S M
okfl;k as l s dgh a T;knk l[a ;k e as o s ekj s x,]
flQ Z :fl;k as dk s mul s T;knk [kuw nus k iMk+
FkkA ;q) e as Hkkxhnkj vU; n's kk as d s e`r ykxs kas
dh lpw h dh bu pkjk as l s dkbs Z ryq uk ugh a gks
ldrhA yfs du bru s Hkh"k.k [kuw &[kjkc s ds
ckn lkfs o;r l?a k vkjS ikyS .s M vkt tgk¡
igy s l s T;knk etcrw g S rFkk bljkby dk
vfLrRo gh tgk ¡ ;gnw h [kuw d s cfynku ls
gqvk g]S ogk ¡ teZu jkb[k uD'k s l s xk;c gks
pqdk gAS ****fgVyj d s dkj.k teZuh dk u
flQZ if'peh ;jw kis dh vU; iow Z 'kfä;k as dh
rjg gh] fo'o e as LFkku fxj x;k] cfYd
mlu s viuh jk"Vhª ; lhekvk as ¼vkokl {k=s ½ ds
,d pkFS kkbZ v'a k dk s xo¡ k fn;k] tk s cpk og
Hkh foHkkftr gk s x;kA lu~ 1945 e as fgVyj
teuZ h dk s ,d e#Hkfw e] ,d okLrfod e#Hkfw e
cukdj NkMs + x;k FkkA mlu s viu s ihN s u
flQZ yk'kk]as eyok as vkjS [k.Mgjk as dk s rFkk
Hk[w k l s ej jg s rFkk f?klV jg s yk[kk as ykxs k as dks
gh NkMs k+ Fkk] ijw h rjg l s [kRe gk s pqds
ç'kklu vkjS {kr&fo{kr jkT; dk s Hkh NkMs k+
FkkA ;q) d s vfUre eghuk as e as mlu s [kqn
tku&c>w dj turk dh gkyr cqjh rjg ls
[kjkc dj nh vkjS jkT; dk s /oLr dj fn;kA
mldh bPNk rk s vkjS Hkh cqjk djd s tku s dh
Fkh] teZuh d s fy, mldk vfUre funZ's k
jk"Vªh; e`R;q dk dk;ZØe FkkA vxj igys
ugha rks vius vfUre pj.k esa fgVyj
tku&c>w dj teZuh dk lcl s cMk+ fo'okl
?kkrd gk s x;k FkkA** ¼i`- 149&150½
gkQuj d s bru s yEc s m)j.k ls
gekjk rkRi;Z ;gh g S fd ekuork d s f[kykQ
vijk/k djuos kyk as d s çfr bfrgkl dk U;k;
,ls k gh gkrs k gAS ftl fgVyj u s nqfu;k dh
vU; tkfr;k as dk s u"V djd s teZu tkfr dh
J"s Brk dh LFkkiuk dk chMk+ mBk;k Fkk] mlus
vUr e as viuh vkRegR;k d s igy s ;g dgdj
ijw h teZu tkfr dk s gh u"V dj nus s dk
funZ's k fn;k Fkk fd pf¡w d ;g tkfr fo'o
fot; e as foQy jgh] blfy, bld s vfLrRo
d s cu s jgu s dk dkbs Z vkfS pR; ugh a gAS tks
vkj,l,l 'kfä'kkyh fgUn w jk"V ª d s fy,
fgUnqRo dk s tkx`r dju s d s uke ij ?k`f.kr
eqfLye fo}"s k dk çpkj djrk g]S og Hkkjr
dk s fdlh Hkh vFk Z e as etcrw ugh]a cfYd bldh
,drk dk s [kk[s kyk dju s dk fo'okl?kkrh
dke gh dj jgk gAS fgVyj d s lepw s bfrgkl
l s fey jg s lkQ lcd d s ckotnw vkj ,l
,l vkjS mldk l?a k ifjokj fgVyj d s jkLrs
ij pydj lp dgk tk, rk s lkps &s le>s
<xa l s jk"V ª dh gR;k dk "kM;~ U= jp jgk gAS
budh dkjxtq kfj;k as l s jk"V ª flQ Z Vdq Mk+&as Vdq Mk+ as
e as cV¡ ldrk g]S mldk Hkyk dqN Hkh ugh a gks
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ukxijq h vkrda okn dk vlyh pgs jk lkeu svk;k
&lq'khy dqekj oekZ
1925 d s tUedky l s tk s fo"k cys lekt e as ckbs Z xb Z Fkh mldk vlj 30 tuojh 1948 dks jk"Vfª irk egkRek xk/a kh dh gR;k ds
:i e as vk;k FkkA rRdkyhu xg` e=a h iVys u s ukxijq h vkrda okn ij çfrcU/k yxk fn;k Fkk fdUr q reke lkj s ekQhuke s fy[ku s d s ckn flQZ
lkLa —frd dk;k Zas dk s dju s dh NVw feyh FkhA Hkkjr ljdkj u s bl vkrda okn d s lEcU/k e as /;ku ugh a fn;k ftld s QyLo:i 6 fnlEcj
1992 dk s ckcjh efLtn dk /ola ukxijq h vkrda okn dh cMh+ ?kVuk FkhA n's k d s vUnj ukxijq h vkrda okfn;k as u s ijw s lekt e as ,d fo"k ?kkys
fn;k g S vkjS fgUn w lekt d s /kkfedZ i#q "kk as d s LFkku ij] jktuhfr dju s oky s rFkk vijk/kh rRok as dk ,d cMk+ rcdk fgUn w /ke Z d s erkoyfa c;kas
dh vkLFkk dk ykHk mBk dj u,&u, eB o vkJe [kkys dj vkrda h ?kVukvk s dk s dju s e as yx x;k gAS cEcb Z ,Vh,l phQ ges ra djdjs
u s cgrq lkj s ukxijq h vkrda okfn;k as dk s idMd+ j fofHkUu ce foLQkVs k as dk inkQZ k'k fd;k Fkk fdUr q ecaq b Z vkrda h ?kVukvk s e as mudh Vhe 'kghn
gk s xb Z Fkh] nHq kkXZ ;o'k n's k dh jktuSfrd ifjfLFkfr;k ¡ ,ls h cnyha fd vijk/k o pfj= ghurk dh ijkdk"Bk dk s ihN s NkMs + pdq s dfFkr lra kas
dh ,d ijw h tekr r;S kj gbq Z tk s n's k vkjS çn's k dh jktuhfr dh fn'kk o n'kk r; dju s yxhA cM&s+ cM s+ jkturs k mud s Hkä gk s x,A gfj;k.kk
d s lrykds vkJe e as dfFkr lra jkeiky dh fxj¶rkjh dk s yds j gfj;k.kk ljdkj cuke jkeiky dk ;)q db Z fnuk as l s py jgk gAS ,d
fnu dk [kpk Z yxHkx 6 djkMs + #i; s vk jgk g]S Mhthih u s ekrS d s nko s dk s >Bw k djkj fn;k gAS mUgkuas s dgk fd lra d s leFkdZ k as d s geys
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&jktho dqekj ;kno
esjB dk [kj[kkSnk lkewfgd
cykRdkj vkSj /keZ ifjorZu ekeyk] ftls
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dh ckr lkeu s vk jgh gAS ihfMr+ k u s [kqn gh
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u rks mldk vigj.k vkSj cykRdkj fd;k
x;k Fkk vkjS u gh mldk tcju /ke Z ifjoruZ
djk;k x;k FkkA cfYd] og viuh ethZ ls
nlw j s leqnk; d s viu s çes h d s lkFk xb Z FkhA
mlus vius ifjokj ls gh tku dk [krjk
gksus dh f'kdk;r ntZ djkbZ gSA mlus ;g
Hkh crk;k fd ?kjokyksa dks usrkvksa ls iSls
feyrs Fks tks fd vc can gks x, gSaA ,sls esa
mlls iwNk tkrk Fkk fd vkf[kj vc iSlk
D;ksa ugha vk jgk bl otg ls ?kjokys
mlds lkFk ekjihV Hkh djrs Fks vkSj mls
tku ls ekjus dh lkft”k Hkh jp jgs FksA
blfy,] og ?kj ls pqipki Hkkx vkbZ gSA
ogha ,d U;wt pSuy us lkr vxLr 2014
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fouhr vxzoky }kjk ihfM+r yM+dh dh ek¡
dks iSls nsus dh ckr dgrs gq, Hkktik dks
lokyksa ds ?ksjs esa yk fn;k gSA vc vkjksi
vkjS lcrw nkus k as Hkktik dk s vkbuZ k fn[kk jgs
gASa vc ns[kuk gS] lik ljdkj dk s fd D;k
og ^yo ftgkn* ds uke ij ihfM+rk ds
ifjtuksa dks iSlk nsdj >wBk ekeyk cukus
okys lkaiznkf;d usrk ds f[kykQ dksbZ
dk;Zokgh djus dh fgEer djrh Hkh gS ;k
ugha bl >Bw s vkjkis e as Ql¡ k, x, eqfLyek]as
ftudh ns”k dh tsyksa esa vkcknh ls T;knk
la[;k gksus dh fu;fr gks xbZ gS] dks vxj
rkd ij j[k Hkh fn;k tk, rks D;k bl
loky dk s vk/kkj cukdj ijw s efq Lye lenq k;
vkSj enjlk sa ij tks vkjksi yxk, x, Fks] os
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rk s ogh]a [kj[kknS k idz j.k dk s yds j
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dk ekgkSy cukdj bls vUrjkZ’Vªh; lkft”k
djkj fn;k Fkk] ds edln dh r¶rh”k
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D;k utfj;k Fkk ,slk blfy, fd bl
izdj.k dh lPpkbZ tks igys Hkh lkeus Fkh
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ugha cfYd eqfLye lekt dks mRihfM+r
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dh ?kVuk dks lkaiznkf;d :i fn;kA ogha
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ns'kHkj ds enjlksa ij Nkik ekjdj [kksbZ
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mu fooknkLin lokyksa dk gS ftuls ^gsV
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ugha gksrk] ij ;g t:j gS fd pqukoksa ds
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dkjZokbZ gqbZ ij bl ij t:j ckr djsaxs
fd ml gsV Lihp dk ge ij D;k vlj
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D;k dksbZ cnyko vk;k
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pquko ds [kkRes ds lkFk ,sls eqn~nksa dh tks
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dks gh ysa] tgk¡ vxLr&flracj 2013 esa
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dk ijw k [kkdk jpk x;kA chr s 2014 mipuq ko
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gekjs lekt dh iwjh cukoV vkSj mldks
m}sfyr dju s okyh jktuhfr ,d nlw js dk

fy, vQokg QSykbZ fd pkj vkSj fganw
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gq, iwjs ns”k esa ^yo ftgkn* dk ekgkSy
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dk dæas h; x`g foHkkx ,ls s ekeyk as e as xHa khjrk
ls laKku ysdj ns'k ds lHkh enjlksa dh
ryk'kh ys vkSj ,slh yM+fd;ksa dks eqDr
djk,A
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us ?kVuk dk ukV~; :ikarj.k dj iwjh dj
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^yo ftgkfn;ksa* ds fLVax djus dk nkok
djrs gq,] [kwc Vhvkjih cVksjhA psgjs ij
gYdh nk<+h fn[kkrs gq,] dSejk mlds gksBksa
ij twe gks tkrk vkSj og crkus yxrk fd
og ,d eqlyeku gSA ij og viuk fganw
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bl rjg ls vQokg okys dk;ZØe vkSj
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ls lekt esa ,d nwljs ds izfr xgjh [kkbZ]
Vhoh LØhuksa us izk;ksftr dhA LØhuksa ij
ph[krh vkokt sa tks ^yo ftgkn* dh vkM + eas
,d ijw s leqnk; dks gSoku d s crkjS i”s k dj
jgh Fkha] dks Hkwyuk “kk;n eqf”dy gksxkA
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vkdM+ksa dks ,d lkaiznkf;d utfj;k fn;k
tk jgk FkkA
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esa fu;qDr fd;k] ogh mldk lcls cM+k
xqukg gk s x;kA fgUnqRoknh lewgk as u s enjlkas
ds izfr ghu Hkkouk iSnk djrs gq, izpkfjr
fd;k fd xzstq,V gksdj Hkh esjB dh fgUnw
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os vYila[;dksa dks vkj{k.k nsus dh uhfr
ij fu”kkuk lk/krs gq,] bls cgqal[;dksa ds
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dh rjg fgUn w ekuokf/kdkj vk;kxs dh ^l[r
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ifj"kn vkSj fgUnw gsYi ykbu dk fgUnw
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ljdkj dk s bl vk;kxs dk s dkuwuu ekU;rk
nsdj mls dkfeZd vkSj dkuwuh vf/kdkj ns
nus k pkfg,A
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cpkvk sa epa * tSls laxBuksa dk fuekZ.k dj os
,d {ks=h; vkØked vfLerkoknh
lkia znkf;drk dks HkMd+ ku s dh fQjkd e as gAaS
[kj[kkSnk izdj.k dh okLrfodrk ds ckn os
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tsgfu;r ds foLrkj esa vkSj rsth yk,¡xs]
ftls gekjs lekt esa fufgr fir`lRrk
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fd ,d fganw yM+dh tks ,d eqlyeku ds
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mUgkuas s ;g lc fd;kA ftldk] mudk s lekt
dk #f<+oknh <k¡pk ekSu Lohd`fr nsrk gSA
,sls esa gesa O;kidrk esa izse lacU/kksa ij
viuh tsgfu;r dk foLrkj djuk gksxkA
lkia znkf;d rkdrksa ds fu”kkus ij 1857 dh
lk>h “kgknr vkSj lk>h fojklr dh uxjh
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izse lca U/kka s ij vxj xkSj fd;k tk, rks tks
yksx bu fnuka s bl ckr dk vkjkis yxk jgs
Fks fd eqfLye lekt ds yM+ds fgan w lekt
dh yMd+ h dk s iezs e as Ql¡ kdj /kekrZa j.k vkjS
fookg djrs gSa] muds izse vkSj fookgkas ij
fLFkfr dk Hkh vkdyu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
dgha ,slk rks ugha gS fd lekt dk lkearh
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cMh+ [kcw ljw rh l s dg Hkh n s jgk g S fd gekjh
rks esy&tksy dh laLd`fr FkhA vxj]
esy&tksy dh laLd`fr Fkh rks og laLd`fr
fdlh ,d pquko ;k fQj fdlh fgUnqRooknh
laxBu d s izHkko e as cny tkrh gS] rk s bruh
vklkuh ls cnyus okyh ,slh ^laLd`fr* Hkh
lokfy;k fu”kkus ij vk tkrh gSA bldk
vkdyu flQZ fganw&eqfLye yM+dh vkSj
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rk s ns[kus s dks feyrk gS fd efgyk fgla k dh
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ij tSls gh loky yM+dh&yM+ds ds izse
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ihNs Hkkxus yxrk gS ;k fQj ,d nwljh
tkfr ;k leqnk; dh ml yM+dh ds pfj=
ij gh loky mBkus yxrk gSA Bhd ;gh
izo`fRr lapkj ek/;eksa dh Hkh gSA
mRrj izns”k cnk;w¡
idz j.k [kklk ppk Z e as jgk tgk]¡ nk s yMf+ d;kas
ds “ko isM+ ij V¡xs feysA ftl ij jk’Vªh;
gh ugh a vUrjZk’Vªh; Lrj ij nfyr laxBuksa
us fojks/k fd;kA ij tSls gh ekeyk lkeus
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fojks/k dh ^nfyr vkokta*s xk;c gksu s yxhAa
njvly] lekt esa yM+dh ds lkFk gqbZ
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og mlls fdukjk djus yxrk gSA bls
fiNys fnuksa vekuhxat] QStkckn esa gqbZ

?kVuk esa Hkh ns[k ldrs gSa] ftles ^yo
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;g ckr lkQ gqbZ fd yM+dh vkSj yM+dk
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vkil e sa ckr&phr d s 1600 ekcs kby dky
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gqvk Fkk og rk s veqd tkfr vkjS leqnk; ds
f[kykQ [kMk+ gqvk Fkk] ij tlS s gh ml s irk
pyk fd mlds izse lacU/k Fks og mlls
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fy, flQZ Qklhoknh jktuhfr gh ugha
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ds fy, ,sls voljksa dh ryk”k djrk gSA
vc ckr vxj gsV Lihp djus
okyk as dh dj as rk s fiNy s fnuk as Hkktik lkla n
;ksxh vkfnR;ukFk dk vktex<+ ftys esa
2008 mipquko ds nkSjku fn, x, ml
ohfM;k s QqVst ds lkeus vku s ds ckn [kklk
ppkZ esa jgk] ftlesa os ,d fganw yM+dh ds
cnys lkS eqfLye yM+fd;ksa dks fganw cukus
dh ckr dj jg s gASa MkD;ew Vsa ªh fQYe ^lSÝu
okj* d s bl ohfM;k s QVq ts ] ftldk s vktex<+
ftyk iz”kklu us udkj fn;k Fkk fd ,slk
dksbZ Hkk’k.k vkfnR;ukFk us fn;k gh ugha]
mls u flQZ vkfnR;ukFk us viuk ekuk
cfYd mll s c<d+ j ml s lgh Bgjku s dh Hkh
dksf”k”k dhA ;gk¡ loky gS fd vxj ml
ohfM;ks QqVst esa ,slk dqN vkifRrtud
ugha Fkk rks ml ij D;ksa cgl gks jgh Fkh
eryc dqN u dqN Fkk ftlls vkfnR;ukFk
dks cpkus ds fy, iz”kklu us >wB cksykA
ogh a vkfnR;ukFk mll s ,d dne vkx s c<d+ j
lkoZtfud :i ls vkSj vf/kd vkØed
fiz; ikBdx.k!
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A/c No. 127510031730
Branch Code : 1275
IFSC Code : BKDNO771275
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izkphu bfrgkl vkSj
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lnq 'kuZ jko th us êgkHkkjr ikzts Ds V*
uked ,d 'kk/s k dk; Z fd;k g S vkjS mudk
ekuuk g S fd egkHkkjr vkjS jkek;.k nkus k as lR;
?kVukvk as ij vk/kkfjr gAaS bld s fy, cdk;nk
frfFk fu/kkjZ .k dk Hkh dk; Z fd;k tk jgk gAS bu
nkus k as egkdkO;k as dk s yds j ,d bfrgkldkj ds
lkeu s e[q ;r% nk s leL;k gkrs h g&S igyk bu
egkdkO;k as dh ifo=rk vkjS nlw jk vkLFkk vkjS
bfrgkl e asQd Z u dj ikukA ifzl) bfrgkldkj
jkfs eyk Fkkij dk ekuuk g S fd ^^vkt bfrgkl
dk s vkLFkk ij ugh a cfYd xgu vUo"s k.k ij vk/
kkfjr gkus k gkxs kA** ijUr q D;k ge lnq 'kuZ jko
l s vkLFkk l s brj lkps u s dh mEehn dj ldrs
g]aS ftUgkuas s viu s lk{kkRdkj e as viu s vki dks
flQ Z fgUn w gh ugh a dgk cfYd ;g Hkh tkMs k+ fd
o s ckz ºe.k Hkh gAaS
ikz ;% dgk tkrk g S fd Hkkjrh;k as eas
bfrgklck/s k fcYdyq ugh a gkrs kA oLrrq % bfrgkl
cnykok as dk ,d nLrkots g]S ijUr q Hkkjrh;
bfrgkl e as okb0Z lnq 'kuZ jko ljh[k s O;fDr;kas
dh Hkjekj jgh g S tk s ifz rxkeh jg s g aS vkjS
lekt dk s fLFkj cuk; s j[ku s e as ;dhu j[krs
gAaS jkek;.k ;k egkHkkjr tlS s egkdkO; lekt
dk s le>u s ds ,d lkz rs gk s ldrs gAaS ijUrq
vk[¡ k cna djd s ;g eku yus k fd egkHkkjr ;k
jkek;.k d s lkj s ik= ,fs rgkfld g]aS xyr gh
ugh a cfYd ?kkrd gAS jkfs eyk Fkkij dk ekuuk
g]S ^^;fn vkiu s r; dj fy;k g S fd og jke
g S ftlu s /ke Z dh LFkkiuk dh Fkh] rc vkidks
fl) djuk iMxs+ k fd og c)q ] blZ k vkjS
ekgs Een lkgc dh rjg gh ,fs rgkfld :i ls
vfLrRo e as FkkA êgkHkkjr ikzts Ds V* oLrrq % ;gh
lkfcr djuk pkgrk g S rkfd /ke Z d s vk/kkj ij
gh ^Hkkjrh; xyq keh* dk s ifjHkkf"kr djr s g,q
elq yekuk sa vkjS blZ kb;k as dk s ckgjh lkfcr fd;k
tk ldAs i/z kkue=a h ujUs n z ekns h u s rk s igy s gh
?kkfs "kr dj j[kk g S fd Hkkjr fgUnqvk sa d s fy,
^ljq f{kr LFkku* gkxs k] vkf[kj bl s dkbs Z rdZ
pkfg, ukA
jke dh v;k/s ;k
v;k/s ;k ij iNw s x, ,d loky ds
tokc e as lnq 'kuZ jko th u s dgk fd ;fn jke
dk tUe v;k/s ;k e as ugh a gvq k rk s dgk ¡ gvq k
oLrrq % lnq 'kuZ jko th bfrgkl d s tfj;s
v;k/s ;k dk s jke dh tUeHkfw e cuku s dh dok;n
e as tMq + tk,x as vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ikVh Z ds
?kk"s k.kk&i= e as 'kkfey jkeefa nj eíq k dk loa /S
kkfud gy fudkydj efa nj fuek.Z k d s lius
dk s gdhdr e as cnyu s dh ijq tkjs dkfs 'k'k
djxs Aas
izkphu dky e as NqvkNrw ugh a Fkh
ikz phu dky dk efgek e.Mu djus
oky s lnq 'kuZ jko u s Li"V dgk g S fd ikz phu
dky e sas Nvq kNrw vfLrRo e as ugh a FkhA 2007 eas
fy[k s viu s y[s k e as Hkh ^tkfr&iFz kk* dk s Hkkjrh;
lLa df` r dk ldkjkRed i{k ekur s g,q fy[kk
g S fd ikz phu dky dh tkfr O;oLFkk e as fdlh
Hkh ox Z dk s fdlh l s f'kdk;r ugh a FkhA ;fn
lnq 'kuZ jko d s }kjk tkjh ^dyfs DVo ees kjs h*
dk s lgh ekuk tk, rk s db Z loky bld s rF;
dk s vkbuZ k fn[kku s d s fy, [kM s+ gk s tkr s gAaS
tlS &s ;fn egkHkkjr vFkok jkek;.k d s le;
Nvq kNrw ugh a Fkh rk s y{e.k u s 'kcjh dk cjs
D;k as ugh a [kk;k riLoh gksrs g,q Hkh jke us
'kacwd dh gR;k D;ksa dh ,dyO; ls
fuyTZ trkiow dZ vx¡ Bw k dlS s vkjS D;k as ekx¡ k
x;kA xkjS ryc g S fd viuh vrhrxLz rrk ds
otg l s lnq 'kuZ th bu lkjh xkFkkvk as dk s utj
vna kt dj fn, gkxas As vrhrxLz rrk ,d lgt
ioz f` Ùk g]S e[q ;r% vlgk; cu s vde.Z ; ykxs kas
dhA nf{k.kiFa kh fopkj/kkjk ;gh a ekj [kk tkrh
g]S tc ogh ^Lof.keZ dky* dh ckr djrh gS
vkjS tc loky o.kOZ ;oLFkk ;k tkfrokn ij
mB tkrk g S rk s lkjk bfrgkl ck/s k ikjykfSddrk
vkjS fu;frokn e as rCnhy gk s tkrk gAS tkfrHkns
d s loky ij viu s lk{kkRdkj e as okb0Z lnq 'kuZ
u s dgk fd fo'okfe= u s nfyr d s ?kj dÙq k s dk
ekla [kk;k FkkA lnq 'kuZ jko lkgc bld s tfj,
;g fn[kkuk pkgr s g aS fd nfyr dÙq kk [kkrk Fkk]
ijUr q D;k mue as ;g fgEer g S fd vk;k aZs ds
xkes kl¡ [kku s d s iez kf.kd rF;k as dk s og Lohdkj
djAas
bfrgkl cuke /keZ
bfrgkl lk{;k as ij vk/kkfjr gkrs k gS
ogh a /ke Z vkLFkk dk fo"k; gAS ijUr q lnq 'kuZ jko
lkgc flQ Z vkLFkkoku O;fDr gh ugh a cfYd
vlfg".k q Hkh gAaS rHkh rk s lukru /ke Z dh cMk+ bZ
djr&s djr s jko lkgc us ;gk ¡ rd nkok dj
fn;k g S fd lukru /ke Z loJZ "s B /ke Z gAS lkFk
gh lkFk bLyke dk s fo/ola d /ke Z crk;k g S fd
e/;dky e as fdl rjg l s mUgkuas s efa njka s dks
udq lku igp¡q k;kA bfrgklck/s k dh bruh fNNyh
tkudkjh j[ku s oky s jko lkgc dk s irk gkus k
pkfg, fd rdq k aZs l s igy s Hkh Hkkjr e as fgUnw
'kkldk s u s ,d nlw j s d s efa njk as dk s rkMs k+ Fkk]
D;kfasd efa nj 'kkld dh ifz r"Bk gvq k djr s FkAs
vr% ;g dguk fd flQ Z elq yekuk as u s efa nj
rkMs s+ ;g cpdkuk ckr gAS e/; dky e as efa njksa
dk rkMs k+ tkuk e[q ;r% vkfFkdZ dkj.k Fkk u fd
/kkfedZ dkj.kA
[kjS 1972 e asa LFkkfir vkblZ h,pvkj
d s igy s p;s jeuS ikz 0s jke'kj.k 'kek Z d s lkFk
bjQku gchc] lO;lkph HkVV~ kpk; Z d s ^bfrgkl
ck/s k* dk s nkjs kg s ij [kMk+ dj fn;k x;k gAS
D;kfasd lnq 'kuZ jko u s bfrgkl dh /kkjk dks
^bfrgkl tk s g*S l s ^bfrgkl tk s gk s ldrk g*S
dh rjQ ekMs u+ s dk i;z kl fd;k gAS fQygky
lekt vkjS ljdkjk as dk s ugh a Hkyw uk pkfg, fd
;fn ge vrhr ij fiLrkyS l s xkys h pyk,¡xas
rk s vku s okyk Hkfo"; ge ij rkis l s xkys s
nkxxs kA
eks0 09454292339

lkekftd dk;ZØe
tu fodkl dh i[q rk vk/kkjf'kyk,¡
&dey u;u dkcjk
Hkkjr esa fodkl]
lkoZtfud uhfr;ksa] jktdkt rFkk yksd
dY;k.k vkfn fo"k;ksa ds ckjs esa lksp dqN
xgjh folxa fr;k as l s Hkjk gvq k gAS mldk ,d
cgq/kk utj vkus okyk i{k gS vkfFkZd rFkk
lkekftd i{kk as dk s vyx&vyx djd]s dHkh
dHkkj rk s fojk/s kh ;k izfr}}a h :i ea s n[s kukA
bl ioz `fRr dk urhtk g S fd vkfFkZd fodkl
;k dY;k.k dk s lkekftd fodkl ;k dY;k.k
ls vyx djds ns[kk vkSj is'k fd;k tkrk
gAS Hkkjr e sa vkfFkZd fodkl dk s izkFkfedrk
nh x;h gAS /kkj.kk g aS fd vkfFkdZ fodkl ,d
rks lkekftd fodkl dk jkLrk [kksysxk]
nwljs vkfFkZd fodkl ¼;kuh Å¡ph] lEiw.kZ
rFkk izfr O;fDr jk"Vªh; vk;½ ds Å¡ps vkSj
rts h l s c<r+ s Lrj d s dkj.k jktdh; jktLo
;k vkenuh dk Åp¡ k Lrj lqyHk gk s ik,xkA
bl vk/kkj ij jkT; lkekftd los kvk as lfq o/
kkvk]as lqj{kk dh miyC/krk e as rts h l s btkQk
dj ik,xkA bl rjg ekuk x;k fd ,d
vksj futh Å¡ph vkenuh rFkk nwljh vksj
jkT; }kjk nh xbZ lkekftd lsokvksa dk
rts h l s ilz kj lkj s n's k d s lkekftd fodkl
dks yxkrkj ubZ Å¡pkb;k¡ nsrk jgsxkA bl
rjg ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k fd vkfFkZd
fodkl lkekftd fodkl dk jkLrk Hkh i'z kLr
djrk gSA ifj.kke Lo:i fodkl ds bu nks
i{kk as ;k igyvw k as es a dksbZ ewyHkrw ;k njw xkeh
vUrjfojks/k ugh a ekuk x;kA Hkkjr dh ik¡p
lkyk fodkl ;kts ukvk as vkjS lkykuk ctVkas
ij bl lkps dh xgjh Nki fn[kkbZ nrs h gAS
ge vktknh ds lkr n'kd iwjs
dju s tk jg s gAaS fodkl j.kuhfr] ;kts ukvk]as
vkfFkdZ vkjS lkekftd uhfr;k as vkjS dk;ØZ ekas
ds dkj.k vkt Hkkjrh; vFkZ O;oLFkk vkSj
lkekftd fLFkfr e sa dMo+ s ehB]s lhfer rFkk
O;kid QSyko okys ifjorZuksa ds lR; dks
>qByk;k ugh a tk ldrk gAS gj lky ctV
nj ctV dNq ub Z vkfFkdZ lkekftd uhfr;kas
vkSj dk;ZØeksa dk ,d feJ.k ns'k esa ykxw
fd;k tkrk gAS vkerkjS ij bu uhfr;k as vkjS
dk;ZØeksa dh leh{kk esa dsUnzh; rFkk jkT;
ljdkjk as dh Hkfw edk dk lk>k vkdyu fd;k
tkrk gAS jkT; ljdkjk as d s dkek&as uhfr;k as eas
ftl rjg fHkUurk utj vkrh gS] mlh rjg
dsUnz }kjk Hkh vius lalk/kuksa ds izknsf'kd
vkoaVu esa ,d lhek rd xSj cjkcjh dk
iqV lkQ utj vkrk gSA vkoaVu esa lcls
cM+h xaHkhj rFkk vuqfpr vlekurk xk¡oksa
rFkk 'kgjk as d s chp n[s kh tkrh gAS fdUrq n's k
us vc rd ;g ns[kk gS fd ,d vksj tgk¡
Hkkjr dh cgqvk;keh fofo/krk vkjS fo"kerk,¡
c<+ jgh gSa] rks nwljh vksj dqy feykdj
fodkl bu nksuksa iSekuksa ij dkQh ukdkQh
Hkh jgk gSA
bl fLFkfr dk s le>u s dh dkfs 'k'kkas
dk igyk fcUnq gesa ;g utj vkrk gS fd
vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fodkl dks vyx
vyx le>uk vokLrfod gAS lkFk gh vkfFkdZ
fodkl dh oS'kk[kh idM+ dj lkekftd
fodkl dh vkjs c< + ldu s dh ifjdYiuk ls
lkekftd thou ds nksuksa gh igyw vkgr
g,q gAaS [kkl ckr ;g g S fd bl fcyxko ds
vlj esa vkfFkZd rjDdh dks iz/kkur% izfr
O;fDr jk"Vªh; vk; ds :i esa ns[kk x;k gS
vk;d s lekt d s fofHkUu rcdk]as legw k]as oxkZas
esa U;k;iw.kZ vkSj leqfpr forj.k dh bruh
?kksj mis{kk dh xbZ fd forj.k dh fo"kerk
ds foLr`r gksrs fo"k dks Hkh f'kjks/kk;Z dj
fy;k x;kA okLro esa ;g lEiUu vkSj
l'kDr ykxs ksa d s {kqnz vkjS laØh.kZ fgrksa vkSj
yksHk dh osnh ij djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa dh dbZ
ihf<+;ksa dh U;wure ekuoh; t:jrksa dh
vkgfq r nus s tlS k nq"deZ lkfcr gkrs k tk jgk
gAS lu ~ 1990 rd lkekftd 'kfDr] {kerkvk]as
izHkko vkSj lEifRr ij vR;f/kd vkf/kiR;
tek; s rcdk as dk s vkfFkZd ,dkxa h fodkl dh
ckxMksj nsrs gq, Hkh mu ij yksdrkaf=d
jkT; dk urs `Ro vius egkorh mRrjnkf;Ro
dk vadq'k j[kus dh dksf'k'kksa esa yxk jgkA
bu iz;klksa dks vlQy djus ds ckn rks
lu~ 1990 d s ckn 'kfDr lEifRr d s 'kh"kZLFk
rcdksa us lkekftd fodkl dks iwjh rjg
gkfl;s ij Mky fn;kA jksVh] diMk+ ] edku
dh ekax v/kj esa yVd xbZA vc fctyh
ikuh] lMd+ Hkh vkUnkys uk as d s enq n~ s cu x,A
f'k{kk] LokLF;] jkstxkj] iks"k.k] LoPNrk ds
cnys egkuxjksa esa rsth ls c<+rh jk"Vªh;
vk; lEiUuksa ds vjeku jkT; ds dsUnz cu
x,A nslh ijnslh dEifu;ksa ds gkFkksa esa
vHkrw iow Z dUs nhz dj.k gvq k fdUr q u rk s jktdh;
jktLo vuqikr c<+ ik;k vkSj u gh mldk
lkekftd fodkl ds fy, vkoaVu c<+kA
fujis{k :i ls lkekftd dkek as d s fy, /ku
c<k+ ;k x;k fdUr q jktdk"s kh; vkoVa u of` )eku
vkenuh] mld s Lo:i] mll s tMq h+ rduhdk]as
icz /a ku O;oLFkk] mle as c<r+ s los kvk as d s vuiq kr
vkjS mll s tqMh+ futhdj.k izfØ;k vkfn ds
pyrs nfyrksa] oafprksa] vkfnokfl;ksa rFkk
inz fw "kr leko's ku d s f'kdkjk as vkfn dh fLFkfr
cnrj gkrs h xbZA ldy] okLrfod jk"Vªh;
vk; ea s fo'o e sa rhlj s uEcj ij vk;k Hkkjr
ekuo fodkl ds rqyukRed izfrekuksa dh
dlkSVh ij fo'o esa 134osa ik;nku ij vk
fVdkA vc rk s vkfFkdZ vkjS lkekftd l/q kkj
nkus k sas ij xzg.k yx x;k g]S tkfgj g S ntZukas
lqUnj xyq nLrk as ueq k ukdS j'kkgh rFkk urs kvk]as
NqVHk¸S ;ka s dh tekr }kjk fu;af=r lapkfyr
dk;ØZ e viu s ?kkfs "kr edlnk as l s njw HkVdrs
x;sA ;q)ksa esa e/;dkfyd lsukvksa }kjk dh
xbZ ywV dh rjg vc ljdkjh veyk vkSj
jktuSfrd nyky nksuksa gkFkksa lkekftd
fodkl d s fy, ckVa h x;h jkf'k dk s cVkjs jgs
gAaS eujxs k] f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj] jk"Vhª ; LokLF;
fe'ku] vkokl ;kts uk, ¡ ftUga s lPp s fodkl
iFk l s HkVd s jktuhfrKk as d s uke ij izpkfjr
djuk cgs n ?kfV;k vykds rkfa =d etkd gAS
[kk| vf/kdkj] vkfn vius ?kksf"kr mn~n's ;kas
d s cjDl iwjh rjg ckSu s gASa vr% lkekftd
rFkk vkfFkZd uhfr;ka s vkSj dk;ZØeka s ds chp
dh nhokjk as dk s fxjkdj lexz] lokxZa h.k] loZ
lekos'kh] lkekftd fodkl uhfr;ksa vkSj
dk;ØZ ek as dk Jh x.k's k gkus k pkfg,A vkfFkdZ ]

rduhdh] ikz nfs 'kd xkz eh.k] 'kgjh vkfn lHkh
izdkj ds fodkl vkil esa ,d nwljs ls
vyx&vyx ugha fd, tk ldrsA blh
rjg f'k{kk] lqiks"k.k] LokLF;] LoPNrk]
efgykvk]as cPpk&as o)` k as dh t:jrk as dk s lHa kkyrh
lkekftd lqj{kk lsok,¡ vkfn Hkh ,d iwjs
leosr iSdst ds :i esa ,d fuf'pr le;
lhek e as lcdk s vkjS dos y uke fn[kkÅ ugha
i;kZIr ek=k e sa miyC/k djku s dh xkjVa h gh
vkfFkdZ vkjS lkekftd fodkl dh ,d cj.k
gqbZ xaxk ;equk dks lnuhjk :i esa izokfgr
dj ldrh gSA
bu ppkZvksa esa vkadM+ksa dh [ksrh
mxkuk tu psruk vkSj vf/kdkjksa ds fy,
tw>us dh rS;kjh ds :i esa fujFkZd gh
lkfcr gkrs h gAS vHkh gkfy;k pquko e as fdl
rjg bu dkxth dk;ZØek as vkjS vke vkneh
dh dYiuk ls dkslksa nwj eksVs&eksVs djksM+ksa
vjck as dh jkf'k;k as dk s c[kkur s vkda M s+ iHz kkoghu
lkfcr gq, ;g crkus dh t:jr ugha gSA
dUs n z rFkk jkT; ljdkjk as d s fofHkUu lkekftd
lsokvksa ij jktLo [kpZ lu~ 1990&91 esa
dbZ gtkj djksM+ :i;ksa ds yxHkx FkkA
egaxkbZ] tula[;k o`f)] ubZ lsokvksa vkfn
d s pyr s ;g [kpZ lu~ 2012&13 ea s yxHkx
105 yk[k djksM+ :i;s vuqekfur gSA ;fn
;g djhc l=g xq.kk o`f) dqN xq.kkRed
cnyko dk lda rs nrs h rk s Hkkjr d s lkekftd
ifjn`'; dk dk;kdYi gks x;k gksrkA vr%
vlyh dlkSfV;k¡ gSa&,d vYidky esa bu
lsokvksa dh xq.koRrk c<+kdj mUgsa xkjaVh
lfgr loZ lqyHk djuh] nwljs bu lsokvksa
dh izfr mi;kxs drk Z i;kIZ r ek=k rFkk rhljs
bu los kvk as dh ykxs k as dh fofHkUu t:jrk as ds
vuq:i mi;qDrrkA
;fn ,ls k fd;k tkrk g S rk s vkfFkdZ
izxfr ds lkFk lkFk lkekftd fodkl dh
xkMh+ Hkh py iMxs+ hA fdUr q bu lc lkekftd
lsokvksa dh t:jr la;qDr :i ls gksrh gS
vkjS budh miyC/krk lcl s igyh ikz Fkfedrk
ds :i ea s gekj s lk< s+ N% yk[k xko¡ ka s ds fy,
gksuh pkfg,A buesa dqN dh vuqiyC/krk
ckdh dh los kvka s dh izHkko'khyrk ?kVk nsrh
g S vkjS gekj s ukxfjdk as dk s n"q izHkkO;rk xzflr
cuk nrs h gAS bu fnuk as ykxs k as dh mEehnk as dk
c;ku vPNs fnuksa ds bUrtkj ds :i esa gks
jgk gSA vr% vkt ds xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds
lkekftd fodkl ds ,ts.Ms ds uhps crk,
x, ckjgksa fcUnqvksa ij ,d lkFk iDdk]
iq[rk] rhu lkyk sa e as ijw k gkus s okyk dk;ZØe
ykx w fd;k tkuk pkfg,A bl 10 tqykbZ dks
gekjs ns'k ds 70 izfr'kr xzkeh.k dsUnz vkSj
jkT;ksa ds ctV ls }kn'k fu;kerksa ds ,d
lexz iSdst dh izrh{kk djsaxsA ;s gSa %&
1- lkj s xko¡ e as ukfy;k as vkjS ikuh dh fudkl
O;oLFkk ;qDr iDdh lMd+ Asa 2- eq[; ckgjh
lM+d ls tksM+rh lM+dA 3- 'kkSpky; 4-
i;s ty 5- izkFkfed Ldyw Hkou 6- fpfdRlk
vkjS LokLF; dUs nz 7- ipa k;r d s fu;=a .k eas
iDdk xksnke 8- iapk;r dk dEI;wVj;qDr
n¶rjA 9- pkjkxkg 10- Åtk Z vkifw r Z O;oLFkkA
11 cdaS 12- lkoZtfud lHkk LFky vkjS [kys
dk eSnku ftlls fd tc ge vktknh dh
70oha t;arh euk jgs gka s rc lkjk Hkkjr bu
ukxfjd lqfo/kkvka s lsokvk sa ;qDr gk s tk, rks
gekjk LojkT; jkejkT; dh uhoa Mky nxs kA
eksckby% 09013504389

Hkktik dk nfyr çes vFkkrZ nfyrk as dk ckzã.khdj.k
&,l-vkj-nkjkiqjh
?kqliSB c<+kbZ gS tks vHkh Hkh dêj fgUnw gSa
vkjS nfyrk as dh cMh+ mitkfr;k as d s fojk/s k eas
jgrh gSaA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij mÙkj çns'k
esa pekj@tkVo nfyrksa dh lc ls cM+h
mitkfr gS vkSj iklh] ckYehfd] /kksch vkSj
[kfVd NkVs h mitkfr;k ¡ gAaS ijEijk ls ;g
NkVs h mitkfr;k ¡ pekj@tkVo mitkfr ls
çfrLi/kkZ vkjS çfrjk/s k e as jgh gAaS blhfy, ;s
mitkfr;k¡ jktuSfrd rkSj ij Hkh bl cM+h
mitkfr ls çfrLi/kkZ esa jgh gSaA clik dk
lc ls cM+k vk/kkj pekj@tkVo mitkfr
jgh gS vkSj ;g NksVh mitkfr;k¡ clik ds
lkFk FkkMs h+ gn rd gh tMq h FkhAa ;g mitkfr;k¡
clik l s çfrfØ;k e as Hkktik vFkok lektoknh
ikVhZ ds lkFk jgh gSaA nfyrksa ds lkekftd
foHkktu dk vlj mu d s jktufS rd tqMk+ o
ij Hkh fn[kkbZ nrs k gSA mÙkj çn's k e as fiNys
fo/kku lHkk pquko esa ;g mi tkfr;k¡ lik
dh rjQ xbZ Fkha vkSj ek;korh ls #"V gks
dj pekj@tkVo oksVj Hkh lik dh rjQ
x, FksA iwoZ esa dkaxzsl vkSj Hkktik Hkh bu
tkfr;ksa dks lhfer lhek esa viuh ikVhZ esa
lekfgr djus esa lQy jgh gSaA ek;korh
dh xyr uhfr;ksa ds dkj.k bu mitkfr;ksa
e sa ;g /kkj.kk iui xbZ Fkh fd clik dsoy
pekjksa@tkVoksa dh ikVhZ gS vkSj bl dk
ykHk dos y mUgh a rd lhfer gAS bl vkjkis
e sa dkQh lPpkbZ Hkh gSA vr% ; s mi tkfr;k¡
clik dh txg nwljh ikfVZ;ksa esa viuk
LFkku <w¡<+rh jgh gSa vkSj b/kj clik ls
yxHkx vyxko esa pyh xbZ gSa] ftl dk
[kkfe;ktk ek;korh dk s 2012 vkjS 2014 ds
puq ko e as Hkxq ruk iMk+ A ;gh fLFkfr fjifCydu
ikVhZ vkWQ bafM;k ds le; esa FkhA ns'k ds
nlw j s jkT;ka s e sa Hkh blh çdkj dk lkekftd
vkSj jktuSfrd foHkktu gSA egkjk"Vª esa
egkj nfyrksa dh lc ls cM+h mitkfr gS
vkSj pEHkkj vkSj <sM NksVh mitkfr;k¡ gSaA
ogk¡ ij mlh çdkj dk lkekftd vkSj
jktuSfrd foHkktu gSA vkU/kz çns'k esa Hkh
ekyk vkSj ekfnxk esa lkekftd vkSj
jktuSfrd foHkktu gSA dukZVd ea s Hkh ,ls k
gh mitkfr c¡Vokjk gSA Hkktik dh bu
mitkfr;ksa esa dkQh le; ls iSB jgh gSA
nfyrksa ds bl jktuSfrd vkSj lkekftd
cV¡ okj s dk dkj.k jktufS rd vkj{k.k Hkh gAS
orZeku l;a qä erkf/kdkj ç.kkyh ds vra xZr
vkjf{kr lhVksa ij ogh nfyr thr ikrk gS
tk s lo.kZ tkfr;ka s dk okVs çkIr dj ldrk
gAS pf¡w d lo.k Z okVs lo.kZ jktufS rd ikfV;Z kas
ds ikl jgrk gS vr% os ftl dks pkgrs gSa
og gh thr ikrk gSA ;g O;oLFkk nfyr
ikfVZ;ksa dh lc ls cM+h detksjh gSA vr%
;g n[s kk x;k g S fd vf/kdrj vkjf{kr lhVas
lo.kZ ikfVZ;ksa }kjk gh thr yh tkrh gSaA
blhfy, lo.kZ ikfVZ;k ¡ viu s LokehHkDr vkjS
gyd s QqYd s nfyrk as dk s [kMk+ djd s vkjf{kr
lhVsa thr ysrh gSa vkSj nfyr ikfVZ;ksa ds
vPNs l s vPNs mEehnokj gkj tkr s gASa blh
dqpØ esa M‚- vacsndj dks nks ckj gkj dk
eq¡g ns[kuk iM+k FkkA njvly vyx erkf/
kdkj ds varxZr nfyrksa dks jktuSfrd
Lora=rk dk tks vf/kdkj feyk Fkk mls
xka/kh th us vuqfpr ncko esa iwuk iSDV ds
vra xrZ Nhu fy;k ftl dk [kkfe;ktk vkt
rd nfyr Hkxq r jg s gAaS vc nfyr jktufS rd
rkjS ij cM+h lo.kZ ikfVZ;k as d s xqyke ga S vkjS
bl us nfyrksa ds vUnj ,d LokFkhZ vkSj
yEiV rcd s dk s inS k dj fn;k g S tk s pquko
rks nfyrksa ds uke ij thrrk gS ijUrq
oQknkjh lo.k Z vkdkvk as dh fuHkkrk gAS Hkktik
us Hkh bl pquko esa blh O;oLFkk dk ykHk
Qk;nk mBk;k g S vkjS lc l s vf/kd vkjf{kr
lhV sa thrh g aS vkSj vkx s Hkh dkQh vk'kkfUor
gAS
njvly nfyrk sa ea s 'kq: ls gh nks
çdkj dh lkLa —frd fopkj/kkjk iuirh jgh
gAaS ,d fgUn w /keZ vkjS ckz ã.kokn d s f[kykQ
vkSj nwljh mldh i{k/kj@iqjkus le; esa
Hkfä vkUnkys u vkjS orZeku e as vEcMs djokn
d s çHkko e as dqN mitkfr;k¡ Hkfä vkUnkys u
d s çHkko ea s czkã.kokn d s fojk/s k e sa [kMh+ gqbZ
Fkh a vkSj dqN mitkfr;k¡ fgUn w /keZ ds nk;js
esa gh jghaA iatkc esa vkfn&/keZ vkUnksyu]
fiNys yksdlHkk pquko
l s igy s Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ
¼Hkktik½ us dbZ nfyr
urs kvk as tlS s jke foykl ikloku vkjS jkenkl
vBkoys d s lkFk xBtksM + fd;k FkkA ml us
mfnr jkt dk s viuh ikVhZ e sa 'kkfey djds
nfyrksa esa viuh ?kql iSB c<+kbZ FkhA pquko
ifj.kke l s fl) gvq k fd ble as ml s vk'kkrhr
lQyrk feyh FkhA mÙkj çns'k esa rks og
lHkh 18 vkjf{kr lhVsa thr xbZ FkhA blls
çksRlkfgr gksdj vkSj orZeku mipqukoksa ds
eísutj ml us nfyrksa dks vkdf"kZr djus
dk vfHk;ku rst dj fn;k gSA bl gsrq
mlus dbZ j.kuhfr;k¡ viukbZ gSaA igyh
j.kuhfr mudh fgUn w igpku dk s mHkkju s dh
g S vkjS mUg as cM s+ fgUn w legw dk fgLlk cukus
dh gSA blds fy, mlus jktuhfr ds
lça nk;hdj.k dh çfØ;k d s vra xZr nfyrkas
dks eqlyekuksa ls yM+kus dh uhfr viukbZ
gSA mlus nfyrksa ds eqlyekuksa ds lkFk
lkekU; fooknk as dks fgUn&w eqfLye >xM s+ dk
jax nsus dk dke fd;k gSA mÙkj çns'k
pquko ds ckn fgUnw&eqfLye Vdjko dh
?kVukvksa esa ls yxHkx 70 ?kVuk,¡ nfyr
eqfLye Vdjko dh FkhaA bu esa eq[;
eqjknkckn ftys ds dkaB xk¡o dh ykmM
Lihdj okyh ?kVuk] lgkjuiqj esa fl[k&
efq Lye Qlkn dh ?kVuk Fkh] ftl e as fgUnvq kas
dh rjQ l s lc l s vf/kd nfyr gh fxj¶rkj
gq, Fk s rFkk vU; nfyr yMd+ h vkSj eqfLye
yMd+ k ;k efq Lye yMd+ h vkjS nfyr yMd+ k
okyh ?kVuk, ¡ 'kkfey gASa bl çdkj de ls
de mÙkj çns'k esa rks Hkktik us fgUnw
eqfLye Qlkn ds ekeyksa esa nfyrksa dks
fgUnw i{k dk ,d çeq[k fgLlk cuk fy;k
gAS bll s igy s Hkh Hkktik ckYehfd;k]as [kfVdkas
vkSj tkVoksa dk fgUnw&eqfLye Qlkn esa
bLrseky djrh jgh gSA
Hkktik us nfyrksa dks vkdf"kZr
djus ds fy, nwljk gfFk;kj muds
czkã.khdj.k dk viuk;k gSA blds }kjk
ml us mu nfyr mitkfr;ksa esa viuh

mÙkj çns'k esa vkfn&fgUnw vkUnksyu] vka/kz
esa vkfn&vka/kz] rfeyukMq esa vkfn&æfoM+
vkUnksyu vkSj caxky esa ueks'kwæ vkUnksyu
blds çeq[k vkUnksyu jgs gSaA chloha lnh
esa M‚- vacsndj ds çHkko esa fgUnw /keZ ds
f[kykQ ,d ns'k O;kih vkUnksyu pyk
ftl dh ifj.kfr 1956 esa fgUnw /keZ dk
R;kx vkSj ckS) /kEe dk Lohdkj gSA ,d
rjQ fgUnw /keZ NksM+dj ckS) /kEe xzg.k
djus okyksa dh la[;k esa cgqr cM+h o`f) gks
jgh gS ogha nwljh vksj nfyrksa dh NksVh
mitkfr;ksa dk czkã.khdj.k gks jgk gSA
gky esa vkj-,l-,l- us nfyrksa
dh NksVh fgUnw mi&tkfr;ksa dks iVkus ds
fy, rhu iqLrdk as dk foekps u fd;k g S ftl
esa dgk x;k gS fd [kfVd] ckYehfd vkSj
pekj iow Z e as {kf=; tkfr;k ¡ Fkh a ijUr q elq yekukas
us mUg sa viuk xqyke cukdj çrkfMr+ fd;k
vkjS uhp cuk fn;k vkjS Hkktik mUg as fQj ls
{kf=; cukdj lEeku n s jgh gAS bl l s dNq
nfyr mitkfr;ksa ds Hkktik ds tky esa
Ql¡ u s dh ijw h lEHkkouk g S D;kfas d ,d rk s os
vHkh rd fgUn w cuh gqbZ g Sa vkjS nwlj s o s cMh+
mitkfr;ksa ls çfrfØ;k esa jgrh gSaA blds
vykok orZeku pquko çfØ;k ls Hkktik
mUgsa vkjf{kr lhVsa ftRkokdj jktuSfrd
ykHk Hkh igpq¡ ku s dh fLFkfr e as gAS bl gkyr
ds fy, nfyrksa dh jktuSfrd ikfVZ;k¡ Hkh
dkQh gn rd ftEesnkj gSa ftUgksaus bu
mitkfr;ksa dks mfpr çfrfuf/kRo u nsdj
Hkktik dk s mUga s viuh rjQ vkdf"kZr djus
dk volj fn;k gS] ftl ls fganqRo etcwr
gqvk gSA ,d rjhds ls tkfroknh jktuhfr
Hkh fganqRo dks gh etcwr djrh gS D;ksafd
/keZ dh jktuhfr tkfr dks ek/;e cukdj
oksVksa dk /kzqohdj.k djrh gSA
vr% nfyrk as dk s tkfr dh jktuhfr
ds LFkku ij eqík sa dh jktuhfr dks viukuk
gksxk tk s tkfr dk s rksM+dj nfyrk sa vkjS xSj
nfyrksa dks ,dtqV dj ldrh gSA fganqRo
nfyrk as d s fy, lc l s cM+k [krjk g S D;kfas d
fganqRo o.kZ O;oLFkk dk i{k/kj gS tks tkfr
O;oLFkk dk s etcrw djrk gAS tkfr O;oLFkk
'kks"k.k dh O;oLFkk gS ftl dk lcls cM+s
f'kdkj nfyr gh gSaA vr% nfyrksa dks vkj-
,l-,l- }kjk tkfr mPphdj.k ds uke ij
Qsads tk jgs fganqRo ds tky esa Q¡lus ls
cpuk gksxkA mUgsa tkfr dh jktuhfr ds
LFkku ij eqíksa dh jktuhfr dks viukuk
gkxs kA mUg as viu s Qk;n s d s fy, fgna qRooknh
rkdrk as d s lkFk tkfr d s uke ij lknS k djus
okys nfyr usrkvksa ls Hkh cpuk gksxkA
mudh efq ä rk s M‚- vca ns dj d s tkfr fouk'k
ds vkUnksyu dks etcwr djus ls gh laHko
gS u fd tkfr dks lq–<+ djus lsA /keZ vk/
kkfjr fganqRo dh tkfroknh jktuhfr mUgsa
xqykeh dh vkjs gh ys tk,xh] eqfä dh vkjs
ughAa mUg as M‚- vca ns dj d s Hkkjr e as tkfrfoghu
vkSj oxZfoghu lekt dh LFkkiuk ds y{;
dks iwjk djus esa vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkkuh
gkxs hA
eksckby % 09415164845

efgykvk as ij vR;kpkj dh dFkk
/keZ&ifjorZu djd s bZlkbZ cu tku s okyh
uknj efgykvk as u s Hkh bl çxfr'khy dne
dk s viuk;kA bl rjg efgyk, ¡ vDlj bl
lkekftd çfrc/a k dk s vun[s kk dj lEekutud
thou iku s dh dkfs 'k'k djrh jghAa
;g dqyhu enkZ as dk s cnkZ'r ugha
gqvkA ,ls h efgykvk as ij fgla d gey s gkus s
yxAs tk s Hkh bl fu;e dh vogys uk djrh
ml s lj s cktkj viu s Åijh oL= mrkju s dks
etcjw fd;k tkrkA vo.k Z vkjS rk as dk s Nuw k u
iM s+ bld s fy, lo.kZ iq#"k yca s MMa s d s fljs
ij Nqjh ck/¡ k yrs s vkjS fdlh efgyk dks
Cykmt ;k dpa qdh igus n[s kr s rk s ml s njw
l s gh Nqjh l s QkM + nrs As ;gk ¡ rd fd os
vkjS rk as dk s bl gky e as jLlh l s ck/¡ k dj ljs
vke iMs + ij yVdk nrs s rkfd nlw jh vkjS ras
,ls k djr s MjAas yfs du ml le; vxa tsz k as dk
jktdkt e as Hkh vlj c< + jgk FkkA 1814 eas
=ko.kdkjs d s nhoku duZy equjk s u s vkn's k
fudyok;k fd bZlkbZ uknu vkSj uknj
efgyk, ¡ Cykmt igu ldrh g]aS yfs du
bldk dkbs Z Qk;nk u gqvkA mPp o.kZ ds
i#q "k bl vkn's k d s ckotnw yxkrkj efgykvkas
dk s viuh rkdr vkjS vlj d s lgkj s bl
'keZukd voLFkk dh vkjs /kdys r s jgAs vkB
lky ckn fQj ,ls k gh vkn's k fudkyk x;kA
,d rjQ 'keZukd fLFkfr l s mcju s dh
prs uk dk tkxuk vkjS nlw jh rjQ leFkuZ eas
vxa tsz h ljdkj dk vkn's kA T;knkrj efgykvkas
u s 'kkyhu diM s+ iguu s 'kq: dj fn,A b/kj
mPp o.kZ d s iq#"kk as dk çfrjk/s k Hkh mruk gh
rh[kk gk s x;kA ,d ?kVuk crkb Z tkrh g S fd
uknj bZlkbZ efgykvk as dk ,d ny fupyh
vnkyr e as ,ls s gh ,d ekey s e as xokgh nus s
igpq¡ kA mUg as nhoku euq jk s dh vk[¡ kk as d s lkeus
vnkyr d s njokt s ij viu s vxa oL= mrkj
dj j[k nus s iMAs+ rHkh o s Hkhrj tk ikbAZa
l?a k"k Z yxkrkj c< + jgk Fkk vkjS mldk fgla d
çfrjk/s k HkhA
lo.kkZ as d s vykok jktk [kqn Hkh
ijia jk fuHkku s d s i{k e as FkkA D;k as u gkrs kA
vkn's k Fkk fd egy l s efa nj rd jktk dh
lokjh fudy s rk s jkLr s ij nkus k as vkjs uhph
tkfr;k as dh v/kZuXu doq¡ kjh efgyk, ¡ Qyw
cjlkrh gqbZ [kMh+ jgAas ml jkLr s d s ?kjk as ds
NTtk as ij Hkh jktk d s Lokxr e as vkjS rk as dks
[kMk+ j[kk tkrk FkkA jktk vkjS mld s dkfQys
d s lHkh i#q "k bu –”;k as dk Hkjijw vkuna yrs s
FkAs
vkf[kj 1829 e as bl ekey s e as ,d
egRoi.w k Z ekMs + vk;kA dyq hu i#q "kk as dh yxkrkj
ukjktxh d s dkj.k jktk u s vkn's k fudyok
fn;k fd fdlh Hkh vo.kZ tkfr dh vkSjr
viu s 'kjhj dk Åijh fgLlk <d ugh a ldrhA
vc rd bZlkbZ vkjS rk as dk s tk s FkkMs k+ leFkZu
nhoku d s vkn's kk as l s fey jgk Fkk] og Hkh [kRe
gk s x;kA vc fgna &w blZ kb Z lHkh ofa pr efgyk,¡
,d gk s xb Za vkjS mud s fojk/s k dh rkdr c<+
xbZA lHkh txg efgyk, ¡ ijw s diMk+ as e as ckgj
fudyu s yxhAa bl ijw s vkna kys u dk lh/kk
lca /a k Hkkjr dh vktknh dh yMk+ b Z d s bfrgkl
l s Hkh gAS fojkfs /k;k as u s Åp¡ h tkfr;k as d s ykxs kas
ndq kuk as vkjS lkeku dk s yVw uk 'k:q dj fn;kA
jkT; e as 'kkfa r ijw h rjg Hkxa gk s xbZA nlw jh
rjQ ukjk;.k xq# vkSj vU; lkekftd]
/kkfeZd xq#vk as u s Hkh bl lkekftd :f< + dk
fojk/s k fd;kA
eækl d s dfe'uj u s =ko.kdkjs ds
jktk dk s [kcj fHktokbZ fd efgykvk as dks
diM s+ u iguu s nus s vkjS jkT; e as fgla k vkjS
v'kkfa r dk s u jkds iku s d s dkj.k mldh
cnukeh gk s jgh gAS vxa tsz k as d s vkjS uknj vkfn
vo.kZ tkfr;k as d s ncko e as vkf[kj =ko.kdkjs
d s jktk dk s ?kk"s k.kk djuh iMh+ fd lHkh
efgyk, ¡ 'kjhj dk Åijh fgLlk oL= l s <d
ldrh gAaS 26 tqykbZ 1859 dk s jktk d s ,d
vkn's k d s tfj, efgykvk as d s Åijh oL= u
iguu s d s dkuuw dk s cny fn;k x;kA dbZ
Lrjk as ij fojk/s k d s ckotnw vkf[kj =ko.kdkjs
dh efgykvk as u s viu s o{k <du s tlS k cfq u;knh
gd Nhudj fy;kA
&ps[kksj ckyh CykWx ls
djs y d s =ko.kdkjs bykd]s [kkl
rkjS ij ogk ¡ dh efgykvk as d s fy, 26 tqykbZ
dk fnu cgrq egRoi.w k Z gAS blh fnu 1859 eas
ogk ¡ d s egkjktk u s vo.k Z vkjS rk as dk s 'kjhj ds
Åijh Hkkx ij diM s+ iguu s dh btktr nhA
vthc yx ldrk g]S ij djs y tlS s çxfr'khy
eku s tku s oky s jkT; e as Hkh efgykvk as dks
vxa oL= ;k Cykmt iguu s dk gd iku s ds
fy, 50 lky l s T;knk ?kksj l?a k"kZ djuk
iMk+ A
bl d:q i ijia jk dh ppkZ e as [kkl
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ftØ gkrs k g S D;kfas d viu s oL= iguu s ds
gd d s fy, mUgkuas s gh lcl s igy s fojk/s k
trk;kA uknj dh gh ,d mitkfr uknu ij
; s cfa n'k as mruh ugh a FkhAa ml le; u flQZ
vo.k Z cfYd uca fw njh ckz ã.k vkjS {kf=; uk;j
tlS h tkfr;k as dh vkjS rk as ij Hkh 'kjhj dk
Åijh fgLlk <du s l s jkds u s d s dbZ fu;e
FkAs uca fw njh vkjS rk as dk s ?kj d s Hkhrj Åijh
'kjhj dk s [kqyk j[kuk iMr+ k FkkA o s ?kj ls
ckgj fudyr s le; gh viuk lhuk <d
ldrh FkhAa yfs du efa nj e as mUg as Åijh oL=
[kkys dj gh tkuk gkrs k FkkA
uk;j vkjS rk as dk s czkã.k iq#"kk as ds
lkeu s viuk o{k [kyq k j[kuk gkrs k FkkA lcls
cjq h fLFkfr nfyr vkjS rk as dh Fkh ftUg as dgh a Hkh
vxa oL= iguu s dh eukgh FkhA iguu s ij
mUg as ltk Hkh gk s tkrh FkhA ,d ?kVuk crkbZ
tkrh g S ftle as ,d fuEu tkfr dh efgyk
viuk lhuk <d dj egy e as vkbZ rk s jkuh
vfÙkxa y u s mld s Lru dVok nus s dk vkn's k
n s MkykA bl viekutud fjokt d s f[kykQ
19 oh a lnh d s 'k:q e as vkokt as mBuh 'k:q gbq AaZ
18 oh a lnh d s vra vkjS 19 oh a lnh d s 'kq:
e as djs y l s db Z etnjw ] [kkldj uknu tkfr
d s ykxs ] pk; ckxkuk as e as dke dju s d s fy,
Jhyda k py s x,A cgs rj vkfFkZd fLFkfr] /keZ
cny dj bZlkb Z cu tku s vkjS ;jw kis h; vlj
dh otg l s bue as tkx:drk T;knk Fkh vkjS
; s vkjS r as viu s 'kjhj dk s ijw k <du s yxh FkhAa

Lok Sangharsh December 2014 Issue TITLE Discussing Social Issues in Lok Sangharsh TITLE Highlighting Grassroots Voices in Lok Sangharsh Magazine

Lok Sangharsh December 2014 Issue TITLE Discussing Social Issues in Lok Sangharsh TITLE Highlighting Grassroots Voices in Lok Sangharsh Magazine

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Lok Sangharsh December 2014 Issue TITLE Discussing Social Issues in Lok Sangharsh TITLE Highlighting Grassroots Voices in Lok Sangharsh Magazine