This document proposes an alternative literacy policy for primary school students from low socio-economic backgrounds in Victoria. The policy establishes 5 goals: 1) Increase funding to government primary schools to drop all school fees; 2) Reconnect and engage low SES students through community partnerships; 3) Redefine literacy and acknowledge diverse languages; 4) Abolish standardized NAPLAN testing; 5) Support teacher professional judgment over standardized assessments. The policy is informed by research on best practices from high-performing education systems like Finland, and aims to create a more inclusive, supportive learning environment through improved funding, pedagogy, and engagement with students' home experiences.
This document provides a critical analysis of UK government policies aimed at addressing educational inequality. It begins by examining the context of the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their more affluent peers. It then analyzes the impact of policies around school choice, the pupil premium, and curriculum reforms on inequality. The author finds that while the pupil premium and some reforms may help narrow gaps, policies of school choice risk reinforcing social hierarchies and do not ensure disadvantaged students can access high-quality schools. Overall, the document questions whether current policies fully address deep-rooted inequality.
It is difficult to overstate the significance of nation’s education system for children with disability. Of course education is important for all children and mostly children with disabilities
Pathways to re engagement through flexible learning optionsDr Lendy Spires
This document discusses student disengagement from school and proposes a policy framework for flexible learning options. It outlines that some students are at higher risk of disengaging due to individual factors like disabilities, mental health issues, or living situations, as well as coming from disadvantaged backgrounds or experiencing trauma. The document recommends identifying at-risk students early and providing tailored, flexible learning options inside or outside of school to reengage them in education. It proposes a policy framework to guide flexible learning provision, promote accountability, and improve outcomes for disengaged students.
This document discusses the chronic underfunding of students in Australia's non-government distance education (NGDE) sector compared to government distance education. It notes that while NGDE has been recognized by the Commonwealth since 2000, students receive only 35% of the funding amount allocated to other students. This low level of funding means NGDE students have far fewer teachers and educational resources. The document calls for equity in funding to address this ongoing issue of underfunding NGDE students.
Factors that Hinder Effective Implementation of Special Needs Education Polic...ijtsrd
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that hinder effective implementation of special needs education policies and management in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the study sought to investigate the correlation between inadequate funding and implementation special needs education policies and management. It was hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between inadequate funding and implementation of special needs education policies and management. Data were collected via structured questionnaire issued to 120 special education stakeholders which represents 94.1 percent of the population. The data were analyzed, and hypothesis tested using appropriate statistical tests including Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS software. The result revealed that inadequate funding had a mean of 13.73 and SD of 4.56 while implementation of special needs education policies and management had a mean of 12.32 and SD of 5.11. We further found that at p value of 0.002 and r = 0.49 inadequate funding was significantly related with implementation of special needs education policies and management. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected with an affirmation that inadequate funding of education was a barrier to implementation of special needs education policies and management. The more there is lack of fund provision, the greater barrier it poses to the implementation of special needs education policies and management. The result concluded that adequate funding is very vital to implementing special needs education policies and management. The study recommended that Government, NGOs and individuals with philanthropic mindset should redirect their attention to providing the required funding that ensures cost effective special needs education for children with disabilities. Francesca Uche Ezekiel Uko | Modupeola Abike Olawoyin ""Factors that Hinder Effective Implementation of Special Needs Education Policies and Management in Rivers State"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30040.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/30040/factors-that-hinder-effective-implementation-of-special-needs-education-policies-and-management-in-rivers-state/francesca-uche-ezekiel-uko
Philippines Education Industry Trends, Share, Size, Developments and Future O...Ken Research Pvt ltd.
Philippines Education Industry Outlook to 2018 – Next Wave of Growth Driven by Test Preparation, Teacher Training and Vocational Training Segment presents a comprehensive analysis of the industry covering aspects including market size in terms of revenues, enrollments, establishments and faculty-student ratio. The report also entails a detailed analysis of the market segmentation on the basis of K-12, higher education, technical and vocational training, test preparation, private tutoring, e-learning and teacher training and education by different categories on the basis of revenues, enrollments and establishments. The report provides the company profiles of the major players operating in the test preparation, technical-vocational training, teacher training and education, K-12, higher education and e-learning market in Philippines. The report also highlights the major trends and developments of all the segments in Philippines education industry over the years. Future analysis of the industry along with its various market segments is provided on the basis of revenues over the next five years.
Philippines education industry has showcased a significant growth in the past decade owing to the adoption of the enhanced basic education model. The financial support and aid from the foreign countries such as Australia, Canada, US and others have been aiding the Philippines government in restructuring the education system in the country. The several programs and initiatives have been taken by the Philippines government to improve the quality of education in the country. The increasing investments by the government and other local and foreign agencies for the provision of universal access to quality education at all levels to the Filipinos are likely to boost the total number of enrollments and establishments in the education industry in Philippines.
Life Light For Education Concept Paper On EducationAshish Tandon
Light for Education (LIFE) is a proposed campaign by d.light to improve education in rural India by providing solar lights. It aims to partner with educational organizations to distribute d.light S1 solar lights, which would increase students' study time from 1-2 hours per day. D.light believes access to light is critical for education and a basic human right. The campaign seeks to impact over a million students, supporting the government's Right to Education Act. It would be branded and involve promotions through media partners and ambassadors to create awareness of the benefits of solar lights for education.
This document provides a critical analysis of UK government policies aimed at addressing educational inequality. It begins by examining the context of the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their more affluent peers. It then analyzes the impact of policies around school choice, the pupil premium, and curriculum reforms on inequality. The author finds that while the pupil premium and some reforms may help narrow gaps, policies of school choice risk reinforcing social hierarchies and do not ensure disadvantaged students can access high-quality schools. Overall, the document questions whether current policies fully address deep-rooted inequality.
It is difficult to overstate the significance of nation’s education system for children with disability. Of course education is important for all children and mostly children with disabilities
Pathways to re engagement through flexible learning optionsDr Lendy Spires
This document discusses student disengagement from school and proposes a policy framework for flexible learning options. It outlines that some students are at higher risk of disengaging due to individual factors like disabilities, mental health issues, or living situations, as well as coming from disadvantaged backgrounds or experiencing trauma. The document recommends identifying at-risk students early and providing tailored, flexible learning options inside or outside of school to reengage them in education. It proposes a policy framework to guide flexible learning provision, promote accountability, and improve outcomes for disengaged students.
This document discusses the chronic underfunding of students in Australia's non-government distance education (NGDE) sector compared to government distance education. It notes that while NGDE has been recognized by the Commonwealth since 2000, students receive only 35% of the funding amount allocated to other students. This low level of funding means NGDE students have far fewer teachers and educational resources. The document calls for equity in funding to address this ongoing issue of underfunding NGDE students.
Factors that Hinder Effective Implementation of Special Needs Education Polic...ijtsrd
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that hinder effective implementation of special needs education policies and management in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the study sought to investigate the correlation between inadequate funding and implementation special needs education policies and management. It was hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between inadequate funding and implementation of special needs education policies and management. Data were collected via structured questionnaire issued to 120 special education stakeholders which represents 94.1 percent of the population. The data were analyzed, and hypothesis tested using appropriate statistical tests including Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS software. The result revealed that inadequate funding had a mean of 13.73 and SD of 4.56 while implementation of special needs education policies and management had a mean of 12.32 and SD of 5.11. We further found that at p value of 0.002 and r = 0.49 inadequate funding was significantly related with implementation of special needs education policies and management. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected with an affirmation that inadequate funding of education was a barrier to implementation of special needs education policies and management. The more there is lack of fund provision, the greater barrier it poses to the implementation of special needs education policies and management. The result concluded that adequate funding is very vital to implementing special needs education policies and management. The study recommended that Government, NGOs and individuals with philanthropic mindset should redirect their attention to providing the required funding that ensures cost effective special needs education for children with disabilities. Francesca Uche Ezekiel Uko | Modupeola Abike Olawoyin ""Factors that Hinder Effective Implementation of Special Needs Education Policies and Management in Rivers State"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30040.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/30040/factors-that-hinder-effective-implementation-of-special-needs-education-policies-and-management-in-rivers-state/francesca-uche-ezekiel-uko
Philippines Education Industry Trends, Share, Size, Developments and Future O...Ken Research Pvt ltd.
Philippines Education Industry Outlook to 2018 – Next Wave of Growth Driven by Test Preparation, Teacher Training and Vocational Training Segment presents a comprehensive analysis of the industry covering aspects including market size in terms of revenues, enrollments, establishments and faculty-student ratio. The report also entails a detailed analysis of the market segmentation on the basis of K-12, higher education, technical and vocational training, test preparation, private tutoring, e-learning and teacher training and education by different categories on the basis of revenues, enrollments and establishments. The report provides the company profiles of the major players operating in the test preparation, technical-vocational training, teacher training and education, K-12, higher education and e-learning market in Philippines. The report also highlights the major trends and developments of all the segments in Philippines education industry over the years. Future analysis of the industry along with its various market segments is provided on the basis of revenues over the next five years.
Philippines education industry has showcased a significant growth in the past decade owing to the adoption of the enhanced basic education model. The financial support and aid from the foreign countries such as Australia, Canada, US and others have been aiding the Philippines government in restructuring the education system in the country. The several programs and initiatives have been taken by the Philippines government to improve the quality of education in the country. The increasing investments by the government and other local and foreign agencies for the provision of universal access to quality education at all levels to the Filipinos are likely to boost the total number of enrollments and establishments in the education industry in Philippines.
Life Light For Education Concept Paper On EducationAshish Tandon
Light for Education (LIFE) is a proposed campaign by d.light to improve education in rural India by providing solar lights. It aims to partner with educational organizations to distribute d.light S1 solar lights, which would increase students' study time from 1-2 hours per day. D.light believes access to light is critical for education and a basic human right. The campaign seeks to impact over a million students, supporting the government's Right to Education Act. It would be branded and involve promotions through media partners and ambassadors to create awareness of the benefits of solar lights for education.
CURRENT ISSUES ON PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONIyah Orlanda
The document discusses several issues facing the Philippine education system. It summarizes that a COA audit found many delays and setbacks in DepEd infrastructure projects. It also reported that 99% of schools had not received technology packages under the computerization program. The DepEd plans to review the K-12 curriculum to strengthen basic skills and values education in early grades. Secretary Briones said education needs to focus on developing critical thinking and life skills to prepare students for a changing world and future workforce.
Education is the most important value in a society, as when discussing a country's problems, the root cause is often lack of education. The document examines Turkey's education system, noting that many students fail a high-stakes exam and become unemployed as companies cannot find qualified employees. Without education, societies face issues like ignorance, violence, poverty, and other social problems that reinforce one another.
Indigenous women and girls in the Philippines face significant challenges in accessing education. Social norms sometimes prevent indigenous girls from attending school so they can help with domestic work instead. While female literacy rates are slightly higher than males, indigenous girls have less access to education due to living in remote areas without basic services like schools. Ensuring education is available in indigenous languages and improving access and participation for remote communities is important to addressing these inequities.
The document summarizes key points from an Action Aid report on challenges developing countries face in providing free, compulsory education. It finds that even the poorest families in Pakistan end up paying direct and indirect fees. Private schools lack regulation and increase inequality. The report recommends that Pakistan increase education spending, regulate fees, strengthen public school quality monitoring, dedicate budgets for teachers and infrastructure, increase transparency of private schools, raise citizen awareness, and increase donor funding and support for education reform.
The document discusses stakeholders in the Philippine education system and their funding capabilities. It identifies major stakeholders such as the community, OFWs, parents and students, civic organizations, alumni, business, and the national government. It outlines their roles and financial contributions to education. For example, it notes that OFWs send a significant portion of remittances to fund education, while the government funds the public school system and implements reforms through acts like the K-12 program.
Jared Polis Foundation Education Report Spring 2004Lisa Finkelstein
From 2002-2008, the Jared Polis Foundation (JPF) Education Report reached out to Colorado households, organizations and government entities semi-annually highlighting educational reform, advances and local educational issues.
The foundation decided to end the program in the fall 2008.
Achieving gender parity in enrollment through capitation grant and school fee...Alexander Decker
The document discusses strategies used by the Ghanaian government to improve enrollment and attendance in basic schools, including the Capitation Grant and School Feeding Programme. It analyzes whether these programs have addressed disparities in enrollment and attendance between rural boys and girls in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study found that while overall enrollment has increased for both sexes, girls' enrollment exceeds boys' and boys' attendance rates are higher than girls'. It concludes that achieving parity in enrollment and attendance through these programs alone is a myth rather than a reality due to challenges in rural communities.
Children’s Participation in Schooling and Education in Pastoralist Woredas of...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Pastoralists are among the marginalized groups of society who live in a marginalized environment and whose livelihood is exposed to the vagaries of climate and harsh environmental conditions. This study explores into impediments of pastoral children’s participation into schooling and education with particular emphasis on the primary school of selected Woreda, Afar Zone. To achieve this purpose, a qualitative research method was employed. Participants of the study were selected by employing purposive sampling mainly on the basis of their roles related to schooling. Seven members of parent teacher associations, 20 teachers, 4 school principals, 14 education experts and officials, a total of 45 respondents took part in the study. Data were collected through the use of different instruments: Strutted interview, focus group discussion, and document review and observation checklist. The data obtained through these data collection instruments were analysed thematically. The steps involved were organizing and preparing data for analysis, reading through all data, coding, generating a description of the settings and people and identifying categories or themes for analysis, representing descriptions and themes in the qualitative narrative and interpretation. The study identified several cultural and economic barriers such as early marriage, lack of interest for modern education, parental level of education, mobility, child labor, poverty and finance. The results also showed that existence of both supply and demand side constraints. Problem of funding, inability to attract and retain qualified teaching staff, poorly equipped schools and community perception of modern education as a threat to pastoralist way of life were the major supply related shortcomings. The demand side limitations were identified as dispersed settlement patterns, demand for child labour, bride-price and peer pressure. Mandatory seasonal mobility, frequent conflicts and conflict induced displacement were cited as the most pronounced disenabling features.Drought and harsh weather were the driving forces of mobility. Competition over water sources and pastureland coupled with border dispute and cattle raid were identified as the long standing causes of armed conflict which in turn result in school activity disruption. Thus, based on the findings, recommendation is made to planners and policymakers so as to alleviate the observed shortcomings. Improving quality of school facilities, sensitization campaign on the benefits of education, blended mode of delivery, peace dialogue to arrest recurring conflicts, self-proof of schools about their worthiness to the local community and rethinking of teacher incentive mechanisms are some of the important propositions made in view to avert the long standing legacy of educational under representation of the Afar pastoralist communities in Ethiopia.
The document discusses several key issues regarding education in the Philippines. It outlines the economics of education and how education impacts economic development. It also examines the current educational system and issues it faces such as quality, affordability, and a mismatch between skills learned and workforce needs. Additionally, it reports that the Commission on Audit called on a Department of Education agency to settle unpaid cash advances worth $3.2 million. Reforms are proposed to address issues like teacher compensation, budgeting across regions, and developing apprenticeship programs.
The document discusses lifelong learning in Scotland. It defines lifelong learning and explains why it is important, such as for economic growth and social inclusion. The Scottish government has adopted lifelong learning strategies to provide skills for students to continue learning throughout adulthood. The key paper discussed analyzes the relationship between lifelong learning and social cohesion in Scotland. It finds that lifelong learning promotes social cohesion by bringing people together through shared educational experiences. However, there are social inequalities in participation, with those who left education early and are from working-class backgrounds being less likely to participate in adult learning.
The document discusses several problems with the Philippine educational system, including a decline in education quality, poor performance on national and international assessments, lack of affordability resulting in high dropout rates among disadvantaged students, low budget allocation to education relative to other ASEAN countries, and a mismatch between the skills taught and actual job requirements. Specific issues covered include outdated textbooks, lack of research in higher education, high pupil-teacher ratios, difficulties disciplining and engaging male students, and over-reliance on rote memorization teaching methods.
Effects of poverty on children educational attainment in isua, akoko south ea...Alexander Decker
This document examines the effects of poverty on children's educational attainment in Isua, Akoko South East Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that a parent's level of education, role models, and independent income greatly influence children's educational attainment, while parental income and government policy do not. Poverty has increased school dropout rates and prevented access to education. The researchers recommend investing in formal and vocational education, improving governance of education, and involving local communities to increase enrollment and completion rates.
Issues in basic education in developing countries (Pemasalahan Pendidikan Da...Devindra Oktaviano
This document discusses several issues facing basic education in developing countries. It outlines that parents must weigh providing household needs now against their children's future income potential, with practical and financial difficulties causing many to prioritize current consumption. It also examines equity and gender issues like how parental characteristics and socioeconomic status influence school enrollment differences between males and females. Cultural and religious attitudes are explored too, with some tribes prohibiting schooling as it challenges customs. Financial issues like inadequate priority of education in state expenditures are also covered.
The document discusses the No Child Left Behind Act and its goal of improving education for disadvantaged students through measures like annual testing and accountability, but argues that it ultimately failed to address the real issues in education like unequal funding. While the intent was good, critics say it focused too much on standardized tests and hurt schools more than it helped students reach their full potential.
This document provides an overview of international education systems and practices. It discusses how social class impacts educational outcomes globally, challenges of multicultural classrooms, common teaching approaches, and variations in resources devoted to education. Exemplary reforms are highlighted, including France's model early childhood programs, England's literacy and math initiatives, Japan's emphasis on student responsibility and teacher status, and multicultural education programs in Europe and North America. While educational systems differ between nations, they face similar issues in equitably educating diverse student populations.
This document summarizes a journal article about the challenges facing high school leadership in managing resources and competencies. It provides an overview of high schools' important role in the US and discusses challenges they face, such as large size and diversity of students. It also reviews literature identifying major issues confronting school principals, schools as learning institutions, teachers, and students. These issues include classroom size, student poverty, bullying, insufficient funding, and lack of parental involvement. The document concludes that managing a high school is difficult due to its complex nature and responsibilities of principals resembling a CEO of a mid-sized company.
This document discusses education reform in developing countries and the role of the World Bank. It makes three key points:
1) Over the past 50 years, the World Bank has become very influential in shaping education policies in developing nations through its power to attach conditions to loans and grants. Many countries rely on World Bank funding.
2) The World Bank encourages reforms by only disbursing loans based on results and performance. This led countries like Brazil and India to target education programs at impoverished areas to receive more funding.
3) Education reform is inherently political as school systems influence national values and are a source of political power. Developing countries must consider the World Bank's role and conditions to receive necessary funding
The document discusses support for basic education in the Philippines. It summarizes that (1) a World Bank project provided $200 million to support education reforms from 2006-2012, which led to improved access, participation, and learning outcomes. It also discusses (2) the challenges of failing education systems in the past and how spending increases helped address them. (3) Key results included increased enrollment, participation rates, and test scores through support for policies like school-based management.
This document provides an overview of communicative competence and its importance in education. It discusses how developing communicative competence among learners has become a primary goal of educational institutions. It also outlines several key policies and initiatives in the Philippines that aim to improve access to quality education and ensure all citizens acquire basic education competencies, including communicative skills. The document then discusses challenges that teachers face in developing learners' communicative competence, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and strategies they employ, such as using self-learning modules.
CURRENT ISSUES ON PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONIyah Orlanda
The document discusses several issues facing the Philippine education system. It summarizes that a COA audit found many delays and setbacks in DepEd infrastructure projects. It also reported that 99% of schools had not received technology packages under the computerization program. The DepEd plans to review the K-12 curriculum to strengthen basic skills and values education in early grades. Secretary Briones said education needs to focus on developing critical thinking and life skills to prepare students for a changing world and future workforce.
Education is the most important value in a society, as when discussing a country's problems, the root cause is often lack of education. The document examines Turkey's education system, noting that many students fail a high-stakes exam and become unemployed as companies cannot find qualified employees. Without education, societies face issues like ignorance, violence, poverty, and other social problems that reinforce one another.
Indigenous women and girls in the Philippines face significant challenges in accessing education. Social norms sometimes prevent indigenous girls from attending school so they can help with domestic work instead. While female literacy rates are slightly higher than males, indigenous girls have less access to education due to living in remote areas without basic services like schools. Ensuring education is available in indigenous languages and improving access and participation for remote communities is important to addressing these inequities.
The document summarizes key points from an Action Aid report on challenges developing countries face in providing free, compulsory education. It finds that even the poorest families in Pakistan end up paying direct and indirect fees. Private schools lack regulation and increase inequality. The report recommends that Pakistan increase education spending, regulate fees, strengthen public school quality monitoring, dedicate budgets for teachers and infrastructure, increase transparency of private schools, raise citizen awareness, and increase donor funding and support for education reform.
The document discusses stakeholders in the Philippine education system and their funding capabilities. It identifies major stakeholders such as the community, OFWs, parents and students, civic organizations, alumni, business, and the national government. It outlines their roles and financial contributions to education. For example, it notes that OFWs send a significant portion of remittances to fund education, while the government funds the public school system and implements reforms through acts like the K-12 program.
Jared Polis Foundation Education Report Spring 2004Lisa Finkelstein
From 2002-2008, the Jared Polis Foundation (JPF) Education Report reached out to Colorado households, organizations and government entities semi-annually highlighting educational reform, advances and local educational issues.
The foundation decided to end the program in the fall 2008.
Achieving gender parity in enrollment through capitation grant and school fee...Alexander Decker
The document discusses strategies used by the Ghanaian government to improve enrollment and attendance in basic schools, including the Capitation Grant and School Feeding Programme. It analyzes whether these programs have addressed disparities in enrollment and attendance between rural boys and girls in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study found that while overall enrollment has increased for both sexes, girls' enrollment exceeds boys' and boys' attendance rates are higher than girls'. It concludes that achieving parity in enrollment and attendance through these programs alone is a myth rather than a reality due to challenges in rural communities.
Children’s Participation in Schooling and Education in Pastoralist Woredas of...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Pastoralists are among the marginalized groups of society who live in a marginalized environment and whose livelihood is exposed to the vagaries of climate and harsh environmental conditions. This study explores into impediments of pastoral children’s participation into schooling and education with particular emphasis on the primary school of selected Woreda, Afar Zone. To achieve this purpose, a qualitative research method was employed. Participants of the study were selected by employing purposive sampling mainly on the basis of their roles related to schooling. Seven members of parent teacher associations, 20 teachers, 4 school principals, 14 education experts and officials, a total of 45 respondents took part in the study. Data were collected through the use of different instruments: Strutted interview, focus group discussion, and document review and observation checklist. The data obtained through these data collection instruments were analysed thematically. The steps involved were organizing and preparing data for analysis, reading through all data, coding, generating a description of the settings and people and identifying categories or themes for analysis, representing descriptions and themes in the qualitative narrative and interpretation. The study identified several cultural and economic barriers such as early marriage, lack of interest for modern education, parental level of education, mobility, child labor, poverty and finance. The results also showed that existence of both supply and demand side constraints. Problem of funding, inability to attract and retain qualified teaching staff, poorly equipped schools and community perception of modern education as a threat to pastoralist way of life were the major supply related shortcomings. The demand side limitations were identified as dispersed settlement patterns, demand for child labour, bride-price and peer pressure. Mandatory seasonal mobility, frequent conflicts and conflict induced displacement were cited as the most pronounced disenabling features.Drought and harsh weather were the driving forces of mobility. Competition over water sources and pastureland coupled with border dispute and cattle raid were identified as the long standing causes of armed conflict which in turn result in school activity disruption. Thus, based on the findings, recommendation is made to planners and policymakers so as to alleviate the observed shortcomings. Improving quality of school facilities, sensitization campaign on the benefits of education, blended mode of delivery, peace dialogue to arrest recurring conflicts, self-proof of schools about their worthiness to the local community and rethinking of teacher incentive mechanisms are some of the important propositions made in view to avert the long standing legacy of educational under representation of the Afar pastoralist communities in Ethiopia.
The document discusses several key issues regarding education in the Philippines. It outlines the economics of education and how education impacts economic development. It also examines the current educational system and issues it faces such as quality, affordability, and a mismatch between skills learned and workforce needs. Additionally, it reports that the Commission on Audit called on a Department of Education agency to settle unpaid cash advances worth $3.2 million. Reforms are proposed to address issues like teacher compensation, budgeting across regions, and developing apprenticeship programs.
The document discusses lifelong learning in Scotland. It defines lifelong learning and explains why it is important, such as for economic growth and social inclusion. The Scottish government has adopted lifelong learning strategies to provide skills for students to continue learning throughout adulthood. The key paper discussed analyzes the relationship between lifelong learning and social cohesion in Scotland. It finds that lifelong learning promotes social cohesion by bringing people together through shared educational experiences. However, there are social inequalities in participation, with those who left education early and are from working-class backgrounds being less likely to participate in adult learning.
The document discusses several problems with the Philippine educational system, including a decline in education quality, poor performance on national and international assessments, lack of affordability resulting in high dropout rates among disadvantaged students, low budget allocation to education relative to other ASEAN countries, and a mismatch between the skills taught and actual job requirements. Specific issues covered include outdated textbooks, lack of research in higher education, high pupil-teacher ratios, difficulties disciplining and engaging male students, and over-reliance on rote memorization teaching methods.
Effects of poverty on children educational attainment in isua, akoko south ea...Alexander Decker
This document examines the effects of poverty on children's educational attainment in Isua, Akoko South East Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that a parent's level of education, role models, and independent income greatly influence children's educational attainment, while parental income and government policy do not. Poverty has increased school dropout rates and prevented access to education. The researchers recommend investing in formal and vocational education, improving governance of education, and involving local communities to increase enrollment and completion rates.
Issues in basic education in developing countries (Pemasalahan Pendidikan Da...Devindra Oktaviano
This document discusses several issues facing basic education in developing countries. It outlines that parents must weigh providing household needs now against their children's future income potential, with practical and financial difficulties causing many to prioritize current consumption. It also examines equity and gender issues like how parental characteristics and socioeconomic status influence school enrollment differences between males and females. Cultural and religious attitudes are explored too, with some tribes prohibiting schooling as it challenges customs. Financial issues like inadequate priority of education in state expenditures are also covered.
The document discusses the No Child Left Behind Act and its goal of improving education for disadvantaged students through measures like annual testing and accountability, but argues that it ultimately failed to address the real issues in education like unequal funding. While the intent was good, critics say it focused too much on standardized tests and hurt schools more than it helped students reach their full potential.
This document provides an overview of international education systems and practices. It discusses how social class impacts educational outcomes globally, challenges of multicultural classrooms, common teaching approaches, and variations in resources devoted to education. Exemplary reforms are highlighted, including France's model early childhood programs, England's literacy and math initiatives, Japan's emphasis on student responsibility and teacher status, and multicultural education programs in Europe and North America. While educational systems differ between nations, they face similar issues in equitably educating diverse student populations.
This document summarizes a journal article about the challenges facing high school leadership in managing resources and competencies. It provides an overview of high schools' important role in the US and discusses challenges they face, such as large size and diversity of students. It also reviews literature identifying major issues confronting school principals, schools as learning institutions, teachers, and students. These issues include classroom size, student poverty, bullying, insufficient funding, and lack of parental involvement. The document concludes that managing a high school is difficult due to its complex nature and responsibilities of principals resembling a CEO of a mid-sized company.
This document discusses education reform in developing countries and the role of the World Bank. It makes three key points:
1) Over the past 50 years, the World Bank has become very influential in shaping education policies in developing nations through its power to attach conditions to loans and grants. Many countries rely on World Bank funding.
2) The World Bank encourages reforms by only disbursing loans based on results and performance. This led countries like Brazil and India to target education programs at impoverished areas to receive more funding.
3) Education reform is inherently political as school systems influence national values and are a source of political power. Developing countries must consider the World Bank's role and conditions to receive necessary funding
The document discusses support for basic education in the Philippines. It summarizes that (1) a World Bank project provided $200 million to support education reforms from 2006-2012, which led to improved access, participation, and learning outcomes. It also discusses (2) the challenges of failing education systems in the past and how spending increases helped address them. (3) Key results included increased enrollment, participation rates, and test scores through support for policies like school-based management.
This document provides an overview of communicative competence and its importance in education. It discusses how developing communicative competence among learners has become a primary goal of educational institutions. It also outlines several key policies and initiatives in the Philippines that aim to improve access to quality education and ensure all citizens acquire basic education competencies, including communicative skills. The document then discusses challenges that teachers face in developing learners' communicative competence, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and strategies they employ, such as using self-learning modules.
The document discusses the relationship between literacy and diversity in Australia. It focuses on students from low socioeconomic backgrounds and how recent education policies have impacted them. Specifically, it discusses how the introduction of standardized testing (NAPLAN) and school performance reporting (MySchool) have shifted curriculum and pedagogy away from multimodal texts that low SES students can connect with. This has reduced student engagement and risks widening educational divides. While multimodal literacy instruction can boost outcomes for these students, current testing does not assess these skills.
The document provides an overview of World Vision Zambia's education strategy from 2013-2015. The key points are:
1) The strategy aims to improve child learning outcomes, increase access to primary education, improve functional reading levels, and ensure adolescents are ready for economic opportunities.
2) It will focus on the most disadvantaged groups like girls, children with disabilities, orphans and those in rural areas to promote equitable access.
3) Interventions will include strengthening school management, empowering communities, exploring ICT, and partnering with the government and other organizations to enhance quality of education.
4) The strategy is aligned with Zambia's national education goals and aims to address ongoing challenges
Maxine McKew: still hopin' for the right education solutionokraradar11
Why is the Finnish education system so much better than ours? Our fragmented federation doesn't help, writes the former Labor MP and author of a new book on education.
The document provides an overview of the Chronic Poverty and Education Policy Guide. It discusses the guide's aims to steer policymakers and practitioners through evidence on the relationship between education and chronic poverty. The guide is organized into four sections that cover: the intersections between chronic poverty and education; how to make schools more pro-poor; successful transitions for youth; and transformations brought about by education policies. It also includes a table mapping strategic education interventions to aspects of chronic poverty and contexts where they are especially needed. The document outlines the background, scope, and structure of the policy guide.
The document discusses a proposed consumer education curriculum module for a school district. In planning and designing the module, several considerations came up. These included who would implement the module, how long it would take learners to complete, and how it compares to traditional face-to-face instruction. The goal was to provide a blended or distance learning opportunity for consumer education students. In analyzing the module, aspects like content, learning objectives, assessments, and technology requirements would need to be evaluated.
This document provides an overview of concepts related to education, including:
- Definitions of education as the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values and attitudes through both formal schooling and informal learning.
- Different levels and types of formal education such as preschool, primary, secondary, higher, adult and indigenous education.
- Key concepts in the education process like curriculum, learning modalities, teaching methods, and the increasing role of technology.
- Related fields that influence education including education theory, economics, history, philosophy, psychology and sociology.
- Challenges in developing countries including lack of educational access and capacity issues.
- Home education and common objections to homeschooling like doubts about teaching
The document discusses the importance of teachers understanding how public education is financed in the United States. It provides an overview of how public education is funded through federal, state, and local sources and how those funds are distributed. Understanding how funding works allows teachers to advocate for adequate resources, address equity issues, and effectively use available funds to support student learning. The document also examines the impacts of financing on students, teachers and communities as well as efforts at education finance reform.
The Effects Of Parental Involvement On Public SchoolsDenise Enriquez
Career and technical education (CTE) can benefit students with disabilities by providing practical skills training. However, CTE teachers need to be prepared to meet the needs of students with disabilities to ensure they have equal access to CTE programs and services. Implementing accommodations and supports outlined in students' individualized education programs (IEPs) or 504 plans is crucial for students with disabilities to succeed in CTE courses.
Vibrant Schools Project - The Learning TreeSue Smith
This document discusses the role that families can play in supporting children as lifelong learners. It argues that the family environment provides a supportive learning environment that develops many of the key competencies for lifelong learning, such as the ability to pursue interests, solve problems creatively, and learn from natural experiences and conversations. However, it acknowledges that socioeconomic factors can impact parental involvement. While policies aim to engage all parents, some families remain "hard to reach." Overall attainment is determined by complex interactions between children, their families, peers, communities and schools.
From 8 4-4 to 2-6-3-3-3 the making of a successful education systemDr. Linda Kimencu
Kenya is transitioning from 8-4-4 to 2-6-3-3-3; the document highlights some things that the policy makers should consider to make the transition successful
Examining the Implications of Massification of Education on Quality Assurance...ijtsrd
In recent years, we have witnessed rapid growth of tertiary institutions in Africa and this expansion has led to the massification and privatization of higher education. “Massification has been defined as the mass adaptation of a phenomenon by the suppression of its distinguishing featuresâ€. Scott 1995 “used the term massification in the context of higher education HE systems to describe the rapid increase in student enrolment in the latter part of the twentieth centuryâ€. Lesotho has not been spared from this system and there has been growth of various higher institutions in the country mainly privately owned. Students have been enrolled in huge numbers in these institutions and this has resulted in large numbers of students and shrinking number of lecturers leading to disproportional ratios of lecturers to students. Students joining these institutions are faced with various challenges emanating from lack of resources, congestion, alienation and subsequent workload for academic staff. Demands and challenges of massification in higher education have also seen academics with added responsibilities of diversifying to improve the quality of delivery with scant resources. This paper explores the experiences and challenges faced by academics as well as students in higher institutions during this expansion era. Massification has been an issue of debate by both higher education researchers and policy makers globally hence the research intends to investigate how these policies have been addressed in other countries and how they can best be adopted to higher education in Lesotho. The study also attempts to learn about existing policies which are intended to revamp the quality of higher education, and or make considerable suggestions to higher education or how best quality can be maintained in the wake of massification. The study further hinges on the number of local higher learning centres institutions and the students enrolling in these establishments and how institutions ensure quality and proper assessment on learning, teaching and assessment. Neo Tlali | Tawanda Mukurunge | Takura Bhila ""Examining the Implications of Massification of Education on Quality Assurance and Assessment in Higher Institutions in Lesotho"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23493.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23493/examining-the-implications-of-massification-of-education-on-quality-assurance-and-assessment-in-higher-institutions-in-lesotho/neo-tlali
Guided by the lens of Bourdieu, this study examined the relationship of the students' economic capital (parents' monthly income and students' weekly allowance) and cultural capital (parents' highest educational attainment and students' community involvement) to their college readiness. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational design, and data were collected from 6,626 K-12 graduates enrolled in one state-university in Cagayan Valley Region, Philippines. The results reveal that the respondents have parents who have income below the Philippine poverty threshold level and have obtained a secondary level of education. They, too, are college-unready, implying that the competencies they obtained from their basic education need further enhancement. Moreover, economic and cultural capital becomes significant resources that are valuable in explaining the college readiness of Filipino Senior High School (SHS) graduates. Those who come from families with higher economic and cultural capital tend to have higher college readiness. Remarkably, the low economic and cultural capital of the students possibly explains their lack of college readiness. As they have less economic and cultural capital, they tend to have fewer competencies to capacitate them in hurdling tertiary education. Hence, these disadvantaged students generally struggle to achieve more and to be successful in life.
The value of economic and cultural capital to college readiness.pdfJenneferInocencio
This study examined the relationship between the economic and cultural capital of 6,626 Filipino senior high school graduates and their college readiness. Economic capital included parents' monthly income and students' weekly allowance, while cultural capital comprised parents' highest educational attainment and students' community involvement. Survey results showed that most students came from low-income families and had parents with secondary-level education. Students also demonstrated low levels of college readiness based on a standardized test. The study found that higher economic and cultural capital were significantly associated with greater college readiness, suggesting that disadvantaged students may struggle in college due to lack of resources and preparation. The findings can help improve support for students from underprivileged backgrounds to enhance their opportunities for success in tertiary
Unlocking potential: Closing the Education Achievement Gap in Northern IrelandCorrine Heaney
Education is the primary vehicle by which economically and socially disadvantaged children can change their lives, lift themselves out of poverty and obtain the means to participate fully in their communities. The children starting primary school in 2016 will have grown up in an economic recession and amid greatly reduced public expenditure within N. Ireland. We cannot let the ‘age of austerity’ limit this generation’s educational achievement or their aspirations.
Achieving basic education for all in Sierra Leone: trends, issues and prospectsPremier Publishers
The objectives of this article were to examine some of the policies that the Sierra Leone government has set on the achievement of education at the basic education level; present information on trends, issues and challenges being faced in providing basic education; assess whether the government has been able to achieve its policies and come up with recommendations on the way forward. This study was a desk research that relied on consulting secondary data, using various documents pertinent to the study to achieve the objectives of the study. Sierra Leone is a signatory to international protocols which obliges her to be committed to basic education being made free and compulsory. Laws, strategies and partnerships with donor communities have helped to significantly improve basic education. Challenges identified include: gender and rural disparities in access to education and pervasive poverty as key factors that inhibit it achieving the 100 percent enrolment for basic education for children. The paper ended by supporting the inclusion of the community in enhancing and sustaining basic education in the country.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
1. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
1
The idiomatic saying “History is written by the victors” is true as well of policy, it
serves as the imposition of values as chosen by the power holders of the time.
Policy is written as a solution to a problem and in education it is used to drive and
implement change.
This paper will propose an alternative literacy policy, one that reflects on learner
specific research and current international best practice. The first section of this
paper will be the presentation of the policy while the second half of this paper will
be the rational and supporting research findings.
It is hard to escape the irony of politicians and powerbrokers speaking to the
public on issues they are ill qualified to. We cringed when Gina Rinehart told us
to “work harder”, or when Peter Garret, a former rock singer, became Minister for
School Education, Early Childhood and Youth. If context is as important as we
are led to believe, then a policy that is written from the context it aims to serve is
essential. For this very reason only a progressive policy written by teachers who
view education from a classroom perspective will ensure student centered
personal and academic growth for all Victorian primary school students.
Our voices and our accents are defining features of our personalities, each
different accent positioning us in a location and providing a window into each
diverse family. Unfortunately accents not only locate us in place but also define
our social class or they can guide the application of a stereotype. We need only
look back on old television footage to see how our accents are changing as a
diverse, multicultural shift in Australia’s population occurs.
2. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
2
With such a diverse population comes a need to reflect and review previous
literacy education policies and assess their appropriateness for this generation of
learner. This review was completed in assignment 1, viewing current literacy
policy through the frame of students from a low Socio-Economic Status and
research into the pedagogy and ideological shift when Multi-Modal texts are used
in schools.
The process of writing this policy was led by researching current best literacy
education practice from around the world. The Organisation of Economic Co-
operation and Development (OECD) commissioned an international study to
evaluate educational systems throughout the world. The Programme for
International Student Assessment (PISA) began in 1997 and collects data and
assesses the effectiveness of education in 70 participating countries. (“About
Pisa”, 2012)
The most recent key findings to come from this programme are from 2009.
Looking at the data from these findings the top three performing countries on the
overall reading scale are China, Korea and Finland. Using this same scale
Australia ranks 9th
overall. If Australia aspires to matching the educational
performance of the top ranking nations we must surely look at the literacy
policies of the top performing nations.
The much-lauded Finnish education system provides an interesting basis for
comparison. Below are some key differences between the Finnish and Australian
education systems as outlined in Finland’s Basic Education Act of 1998. The
document states that students are to start basic school education in the year the
3. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
3
student turns 7 years of age. In Victoria students can start school as young as 4,
providing they turn 5 by April 30. Schooling is compulsory from the age of 6.
In Finland Education is free, text-books and materials are provided free of charge
and all students are provided with a free daily meal. In Victoria we have a
Government school system that is heavily subsidized and provided for all school-
aged students. Parents are asked to make a small financial contribution that
covers essential curriculum resources. In my experience this is on average $350.
The other alternative for education in Victoria is through enrollment in a privately
run educational institution. The private school system is funded through
individuals paying high enrollment fees, yet still receiving heavy financial support
from the state government. The government funding provided to support the
Finnish Education System sends a clear message by the government to the
public as to the value it places on education. (“The Finnish National Board of
Education - Basic Education”, 2012)
4. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
4
A LITERACY POLICY FOR STUDENTS FROM FAMILIES
WITH A LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS IN VICTORIAN
PRIMARY SCHOOLS. (LiPo)
Introducing the LiPo paper, a student-centered policy that will establish 5
educational goals, each with a mandated area of change to support at low SES
learners in Victorian Primary Schools.
1. The first goal of this policy is to encourage and promote the value our
society places on quality education through increasing funding to
Government Primary Schools. Guaranteed increases in funding will
support a mandated dropping of all school fees to attend Victorian
Government Primary schools.
2. The second goal is to reconnect and engage our low SES students.
3. The third aim of this policy is to redefine what it means to be “literate” as
well as reviewing the mono-linguistic representation of language in
Australia.
4. The Fourth aim is to abolish the National Assessment Program Literacy
and Numeracy and support teachers to make insightful professional
judgment of student’s academic development.
BACKGROUND
5. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
5
As education moves into the 21st
century, education policy must also move and
adapt. While concepts in curriculum areas such as Mathematics remain
consistent, Literacy and language evolves and reflects our societal standards
and a far greater pace.
The National Assessment Program Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) introduced
in 2009 brought high stakes, standardised assessment into Australian schools.
Then in 2010 in a move that closely mirrored the United Kingdom’s, the Labor
government took their MySchool website online. MySchool is an online database
that allows the public to monitor the educational health of their school. While not
the intended purpose, it has also become a comparative database that allows the
public to compare and contrast the profile and academic performance of publicly
funded schools throughout Australia. The introduction of these two policies
brought a level of public accountability not before experienced by schools.
The implementation of these policies appears paradoxical to the 21st
century
environment it was designed. The inherent aim to standardize and contain our
increasingly fluid world that is exemplified by diverse communication modes and
an ease of mobility. (Comber, 2011)
STUDENTS FROM LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUNDS
Low Socio-Economic Status or SES is a collective term for students whose family
is in the bottom 25% for the three key indicators of income, education and
occupation. Students from Low SES families face a number of well-recognised
constraints and often find external forces can block their access to education.
These are more often than not exerted through policy and pedagogy. Hay &
Fielding-Barnsley (2009) noted that families from low SES communities have a
6. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
6
greater prevalence of children with early literacy difficulties and attributed this to
poor levels of finance, attendance and educational aspiration.
Identification and supporting these students ensures a break in the cycle of living
within low SES measures.
MULTI-MODIAL TEXTS IN OUR SCHOOLS
The third goal outlined in the LiPo paper aims to ensure that students in Victorian
Public Schools develop strategies and skills to understand the increasingly
complex ways information is shared in contemporary society.
With the launch of every new piece of mobile technology we can see the thirst
our society has for change and connectivity. These technologies rapidly change
the way that communication and meaning is constructed in our lives and
therefore schools need to adapt and grow at an equally fierce pace.
Advertising is embedded now in all forms of communication. Facebook
customizes advertising depending on your status updates, Google will rank
search results based upon your browsing history and even traditional newsprint
media are embedding paid advertorials as part of their content.
Adding curriculum content that investigates the multimodal choices that are made
in advertising will empower our citizens to make informed choices and decisions
about their life. Failure to acknowledge the multimodal methods of meaning
making will leave our youngest citizens vulnerable to manipulation. Currently we
see this in the increasing amount of personal debt that Victorians are incurring.
My experiences suggest that this is the result of heavy marketing and cleverly
concealed facts. Failure to interpret the purpose of credit card advertising could
lead to bad credit rating and serious financial difficulties.
7. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
7
Once again we only have to look as far as Finland to see that as part of their
basic education curriculum, they have prioritised media and communication to
support student’s critical analysis of the multi-media world that we live.
RATIONAL
Each educational goal in the LiPo paper is written with a background in current
academic research. The following rational links each goal with the theories
behind its inclusion.
For students from low SES backgrounds there is a clear problem gaining access
to contemporary technologies. Being excluded or experiencing limited access
means that these students are missing out on the cultural capital that can allow
them to break out of the poor economic position they find themselves in.
The first goal of this policy is to encourage and promote the value our society
places on quality education through increasing funding to Government Primary
Schools. This policy decrees that school’s lines of funding change and
compulsory fees be scrapped for all Government educational institutions.
Currently primary schools can set their fees made up of compulsory, optional
extras and voluntary components. Hay & Fielding-Barnsley (2009) noted that
families from low SES communities have a greater prevalence of children with
early literacy difficulties and attributed this to poor levels of finance, attendance
and educational aspiration. Taking away this fee structure removes any real or
perceived financial stress and supports the cultural shift back to valuing
education. The purchase of essential items such as textbooks and consumables
will be included as part of the free education.
8. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
8
The policies second aim is to reconnect and engage our low SES students. This
reengagement is achieved through making strong connections between their
home experiences and their school experiences. Schools are required to make
strong community links and support students interactions with the community by
taking learning away from the classroom and out into real life. Often what occurs
inside and outside of a school can be discreet entities. This policy aims to make
the two experiences intertwined. Jewitt & Kress wrote of the powerful effect on
student learning when they have an opportunity to represent themselves and
their peers,
“Student film-makers and photographers use their linguistic and cultural diversity,
along with appropriations and adaptations of popular culture as a potential
resources for conveying complex meanings as they exploit the affordance of
multiple modes.” (Jewitt & Kress, 2003)
This policy proposes to support the funding and development of shared school
and community libraries. This partnership will see the expansion of resources
and physical spaces of school libraries and open them to the local communities
as “shared learning hubs”. As part of the Reading Finland policy aimed at
improving reading standards, the Finnish National Board of Education published
“A Good School Library” document outlining the significant role libraries play in
literacy development. This text acknowledges that a library is “the heart of the
school” and as such, offers an empowering connection to support education in
growth through out communities with low SES profiles. (Frantsi, Kolu &
Salminen, 2002)
The third aim of this policy is to redefine what it means to be “literate” as well as
reviewing the mono-linguistic representation of language in Australia. The soon
9. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
9
to be implemented AusVELS document places a strong emphasis on the learning
of “Standard Australian English”,
“Although Australia is a linguistically and culturally diverse country,
participation in many aspects of Australian life depends on effective
communication in Standard Australian English. In addition, proficiency in
English is invaluable globally. The Australian Curriculum: English
contributes both to nation-building and to internationalisation.”
(The Australian Curriculum V3.0 English: Rational, 2012)
This rational privileges and empowers those students who already have access
to Australian Standard English. This statement presents a reductionist view of
language instead of presenting opportunities to recognise and explore the rich
language experiences that our multicultural student body possesses. (Fehring &
Nyland, 2012)
The Fourth aim is to abolish the National Assessment Program Literacy and
Numeracy and support teachers to make insightful professional judgment of
student’s academic development. While there is merit in standardized testing,
NAPLAN doesn’t allow for contemporary literacy practices to be assessed.
Concepts such as visual and critical literacy are forsaken for traditional literacy
skills such as grammar, spelling and writing.
Comber writes of her participation in an ongoing Australian Research Council
(ARC) project into the reorganisation of teachers work that due to standardized
testing such as NAPLAN, “Primary teachers have reported that they have less
time for work in subject such as the visual arts”. It is also noted that teachers are
preparing students solely for the purpose of success on NAPLAN (teaching to the
test) and that a considerable amount of school resources are dedicated towards
10. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
10
the management, collection, organization and interpretation of the test itself.
(Comber, 2011)
The abolishment of this standardized testing scheme will allow a time-poor
profession an opportunity to increase their time spent on recognized practices
that truly support student development. Increasing the time for planning and
engaging in professional development will facilitate stronger relationships with
students. Knowing your students as well as having an open and trusting
relationships has been recognized by Maslow, and other educational
psychologists, as essential to cognitive and social growth. (Gawel, 1997)
Teaching and Learning Practices.
The shift in focus presented in this policy relies heavily on a fundamental change
in the approach to pedagogical practice. Comber wrote of this shift in her 2011
article, stating that changes in population, teacher workforce, Communication
modes and a heavy prioritisation of high stakes testing had necessitated a move
towards an inclusive pedagogy. (Comber, 2011)
As educators we must embrace and use the diversity of our student body as a
resource for critical literacy in the classroom. Teachers and students must work
together to create media that has a genuine social and educational purpose.
We must support the use of Project Based Learning to provide the realistic
context that supports the development of functional grammar and literacy
practices.
In their 2012 journal article Parsing The Australian Curriculum: Grammar,
multimodality and cross-cultural texts, Exley and Mills present an example of how
this can be achieved. They present a critical analysis of two pieces of advertising
for Coke Zero soft drink, one example from Korea and one from Australia. These
11. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
11
two examples allow for rich discussions and comparisons of purpose and culture
through the framework of a meta-language that is core to school based literacy.
(Van Leeuwen, 1993)
While we continue to recycle educational policies from the United States of
America and the United Kingdom (ranked 17th
and 25th
respectively on the PISA
overall reading scale), we will continue to see the same educational decline in
our students. If we need a clear example of this in action, Australia’s NAPLAN
standardized tests and MySchool website clearly mirrors the Standard
Assessment Test (SAT) and Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) school
reviews which are an embedded part of the UK education system.
In Conclusion, while it is impossible to create a silver bullet to protect Victorian
students from the cycle of life with a low SES profile, improving engagement,
funding and literacy pedagogy in Victorian Government Schools can support
students to achieve their best in life. Implementing A LITERACY POLICY FOR
STUDENTS FROM FAMILIES WITH A LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS IN
VICTORIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS will create an inclusive, supportive and
aspirational school experience which is clearly modeled on international best
practice and research.
12. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
12
REFERENCES
1. About PISA – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
(2012, September) retrieved from
http://www.oecd.org/pisa/aboutpisa/
2. Comber, B. (2011). Changing literacies, changing populations, changing
places--English teachers' work in an age of rampant standardisation.
English Teaching: Practice & Critique, 10(4), 5-22.
3. The Australian Curriculum V3.0 English: Rational. (August, 2012).
http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/English/Rationale
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13. Justin Cole
Student # 557426
Master of Literacy, Literacy Planning and Diversity.
Assignment 2
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