The document summarizes the Tejas light fighter jet developed in India. It provides details on the history and development of Tejas, which began as the Light Combat Aircraft program in the 1980s to replace the aging MiG-21 fighters. Key facts include that Tejas had its first flight in 2001 and entered service with the Indian Air Force in 2016. It is designed to be a single-engine, multi-role jet and incorporates technologies like a glass cockpit and composites in its airframe. The document also outlines Tejas' performance capabilities and planned variants like the Mark 1A and Mark 2.

1. BY:- VISHAL SINGH
ROLL NO :-1413340241
ME-D

3.  INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY OF TEJAS
 OPERATIONAL HISTORY
 DESIGN OF TEJAS
 GLASS COCKPIT
 AERODYNAMICS AND PERFORMANCE
 FLIGHT CONTROLS
 WEAPONS
 PLANNED PRODUCTION VARIANT

4.  Tejas is an indian single seat , single- jet
engine, multi-role light fighter developed by
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
 It came from the light combat aircraft (LCA)
programme , which begin in 1980s to replace
the indian’s ageing MIG-21 fighter.
 later., the LCA was officially named “TEJAS” ,
meaning “radiant” by the then prime minister
Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

5.  IN 1969 the Indian government accepted the
recommendation by its aeronautics committee
that Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
should design and develop fighter aircraft
around a proven engine. Based on ‘tactical air
support aircraft’ markedly similar to that for
the marut.
 In 1983 IAF asked the indian government for a
replacement of MIG-21 fighter.
 In 1984 the indian government choose to
establish the aeronautical development agency
(ADA) to manage the LCA programme.
 Tejas took first flight on 4 jan 2001.

6.  The tejas made its public debut on 21 january
2016, when two aircraft flew in bahrain
international air show.
 The aircraft demonstrated aerobatic steerage,
including 8g pull up,vertical loop, slow fly
past and barrel roll.
 The tejas entered service with No. 25
Squadron IAF (Flying Daggers) based on
Yelahanka Air base at bangalore on 1 july
2016 before being moved to Sulur Airforce
Station Coimbatore.

7.  The TEJAS is a single-engine multirole fighter
which features a tailless,compound delta wing
and is designed with “relaxed static stability” for
enhanced steerage.
 It is made up of the materials such as aluminium
lithium super plastically form titanium and
carbon fibre composites. Tejas employs CFC
materials for up to 45% of its air frame,including
in the fuselage(doors and skins), wings (skin
,spars and ribs), elevons , tailfin, rudder, air
brakes and landing gear doors.
 The maximum payload capability of tejas is 4000
kg.

8.  Auxiliary fuel tanks of it 800 and 1200 liters
can be carried under the fuselage can further
extend range and endurance.
 Brahmos NG supersonic cruise missile is
being develop for the tejas.
 Stealth features have been designed into tejas
. Being small provides an inherent degree of
visual stealth, the air frame’s high usage of
composites (which do not reflect radar rays),
a Y-duct inlet which shields the engine
compressor face from proving radar waves,
and the application of radar-absorbing
material(ram) coatings are intended to
minimise its susceptibility to detection and
tracking.

9.  The term Glass Cockpit refers to a modern
cockpit in which all the round dialled electro-
mechanical instruments have been replaced with
multi- function displays (MFDS) and a head up
display.
 A Glass Cockpit uses several displays driven by
flight management system, which can be
adjusted to display flight information as needed.
 This simplifies aircraft operation and navigation
and allows pilots to focus only on the most
pertinent information.

11.  Highly optimized wing, with appropriate
variation of thickness, chamber and twist along
the span.
 Cross-sectional area distribution along the
length,adjusted for good high speed
characteristics
 Leading Edge slats, scheduled for favorable
aerodynamic behavior
 Wing-shielded bifurcated air intake duct, with
diverters, suitably matched with engine to avoid
buzz and to minimize distortion throughout the
flight envelope

12.  Since the tejas is a relaxed static stability design, it is
equipped with a quadruplex digital fly-by-wire flight
control system to ease pilot handling.
 The digital FBW system of the tejas employs a
powerful digital flight control computer made by
aeronautical development establishment comprising
four computing channel, each with its own
independent power supply and all housed in a single
LRU.
 The DFCC recieves signal from a variety of sensors
and pilot control sticks input , and process these
through the appropriate channel to excite and control
the elevons, rudder and leading edge slat hydraulic
actuators.

14.  Indian Air force – 100 LCA [ 20 MK 1 and 80
MK 1 A] aircraft planned to be acquired.
 Four squadrons of LCA Mk 2 aircraft planned
to be acquired after completing production of
LCA Mk1
 The IAF was considering at least 14 Tejas
squadrons with 294 aircraft in february 2014
, with each squadron to have 21 aircraft.
 Indian Navy – Signed an order for six Naval
LCAs at an approximate cost of US $31.09
million per aircraft.

15.  Any modern fighter is only as good as the weapons
she can deliver on target.
 The Tejas is designed to carry a veritable plethora of
air to air, air to surface, precision guided and
standoff weaponry.
 In the air to air to air arena the Tejas carries long
range beyond visual range weapons with highly agile
high off-bore sight missile to tackle any close combat
threat.
 A wide variety of air to ground Amunitions and an
extremely accurate navigation and attack system
allow to prosecute surface targets over land or at sea
with unparalleled accuracy, giving the Tejas true
multi swing/ role capability.

16.  Tejas trainer for air force
 Tejas trainer for navy
 Tejas Mk1
 Tejas Mk2

17.  Tejas trainer- two –seat operational
conversion trainer for the indian air force.
 Tejas trainer in-two-seat operational
conversion trainer for the indian navy.

18.  HAL is now working on developing a new
variant ; LCA Mark 1A, which will be equipped
with an advanced AESA Radar.
 The time for this variant has been set at 2017
 100 Tejas aircraft will be equipped with
ELTA’s EL/M-2052 AESA radar.

19.  Tejas Mark 2 is to feature the more powerful
general electric F414-GE-INS6 engine with 98
KN of thrust and refined aerodynamics.
 The mark 2 is being developed to meet the
latest IAF requirements and will incorporates
5th generation jet fighters.
 The first flight is likely to be 2019 with an
entry into service in 2012.