Li-Fi is a wireless optical networking technology that uses LED lights for data transmission. It was invented by Professor Harald Haas and allows data to be transmitted by modulating the intensity of light from LED bulbs. Unlike Wi-Fi which uses radio waves, Li-Fi uses visible light and has a faster data transfer rate while avoiding interference. It provides more secure communication through walls and in dense environments like airplanes or undersea. However, Li-Fi also requires a constant light source and signal can be blocked by physical barriers.