Preventive measures in dentistry

1. Dr. Shivashankar.K
1st year Post Graduate..
Department of Public Health Dentistry

2.  Definition
 History of prevention
 Principles of prevention
 Types of prevention
 Intervention
 Types of intervention
 Prevention of dental caries
 Prevention of periodontal diseases
 Prevention of oral cancer
 Prevention of mal occlusion
 Conclusion
 References

3. WHO definition of Health
“ Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity and the ability to lead a socially
and economically productive life.”
Disease:
A condition in which body’s health is impaired, a departure from a state of
health, an alteration of the human body interrupting the performance of
vital functions.

4. Prevention- Efforts which are made to maintain normal
development, physiologic function & to prevent disease
of the mouth & adjacent parts
- Blackberry

5. Intervention
Any attempt to intervene or interrupt the usual
sequence in the development of disease in man.

7.  Twentieth century
 etiologic factors of most oro-dental disease were identified
emergence of prevention oriented science
 In the first three decades
 Great emphasis was placed on oral hygiene
 Dental hygienist courses were started
 In the fourth and fifth decade
 Anti-carious effect of fluorides was established
 Water fluoridation and topical fluoridation started

8.  In the sixth and seventh decade
 water fluoridation was started in many more cities
 Fluoride toothpastes, mouthwashes, rinses, gels & varnishes
became popular
 Pit and fissure sealants
 Fluorides along with proper oral hygiene practice has
shown decline in dental caries in some advanced countries.

9.  Control of disease
 Patient education & motivation
 Development of host resistance
 Restoration of function
 Maintenance of oral health

10.  Primary prevention
 Secondary prevention
 Tertiary prevention

11. Diagnosed
disease
Undiagnosed or
wrongly diagnosed disease
Diagnosed
disease
Undiagnosed or
wrongly diagnosed disease

12.  Action taken prior to the onset of disease, which
removes the possibility that a disease will ever occur.

15.  Risk group.

16.  Psychological.
 Economic
 Functional
 Esthetic
 Social

17.  Terminate disease
 Restore tissues

18.  Mental anguish
 Physical pain
 Loss of productivity
 Expensive
 Less effective than primary prevention

19.  Replacement
 Rehabilitation

21.  Defined as “ the process of enabling people to
increase control over, and to improve health”.

22.  decreasing the susceptibility of the host

23. Detection of the disturbances at homeostatic and
compensatory mechanism while biochemical, morphological
and functional changes are still reversible.

24.  Pathogenesis phase
 Impairment handicap
 Restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the
manner or within the range considered normal for a human
being.

25. Functional ability
medical
vocational
educational
social

26. Prevent the disease
& abnormalities
Combined efforts
of practitioner,
patient and
community
Optimum oral
health
Practice of
dentistry and
community health
programs
Louis P DiOrio. Clinical Preventive dentistry. Appleton – century – crofts.

28. - Appropriate use of
fluorides
-Use of F dentifrices
- Oral hygiene
practice
-Community or
school water
fluoridation -
School F mouth
rinse program
-School sealants
program
- Topical fluoride
application
- F supplements
- Pit & Fissure
sealants
- Self -
examination
& referral;
- Regular
check up by
dentist
Use of dental
professional services
- Complete
examination
- Treatment of
initial lesions;
-Smpl restorative
dentistry
- Root canal
treatment
- Extraction
Health
promotion
Specific
protection
Early
diagnosis &
treatment
Disability
limitation Rehabilitation
Indiv
Comm
Dent
prof
Primary prevention
Secondary
prevention
Tertiary
prevention
Diet planning
Periodic visit to
dental clinic
Demand for
preventive services
Proper oral hygiene
DHE programme
Promotion of
research efforts
Patient Education
& motivation
Plaque control
program
Diet counseling
Caries activity tests
- Dentures
- Implants
- Periodic
screening
- Provision of
Dental services
Provision of
dental
services

29. - Oral hygiene
practice
- Supervised school
brushing programme
-Correction of tooth
malalignment
-Oral prophylaxis
-Self -
examination &
referral;
- Use of dental
services
Use of
dental
professional
services
Use of dental
professional
services
- Complete
examination;
scaling, curettage
corrective,
restorative, &
occlusal services
Deep curettage;
Root planing;
Splinting;
Perio surgery;
Selective
extraction
Health
promotion
Specific
protection
Early diagnosis
treatment
Disability
limitation
Rehabilitation
Indivl
Comm
Dent
prof
Primary prevention
Secondary
prevention
Tertiary
prevention
Prevention of periodontal diseases
Periodic visit to
dental clinic
Demand for
preventive services
DHE programme
Promotion of
research efforts
Provision of oral
hygiene aids
Patient Education &
motivation
Plaque control
program
Recall reinforcement.
-Removable
& fixed
prostho
-minor tooth
movement
- Periodic
screening
- Provision of
Dental services
Provision of
dental
services
Provision of
dental
services

30. -Avoidance of
known irritants
-Removal of known
irritants in the oral
cavity
-Self -
examination &
referral;
Use of dental
professional
services
Use of dental
professional
services
-Complete
examination ;
Biopsy; Oral
cytology;
-Complete
-excision
Chemo-
therapy
Radiation
Surgery
Health
promotion
Specific
protection
Early
diagnosis and
treatment
Disability
limitation
Rehabilitation
Indivl
Comm
Dent
prof
Primary prevention
Secondary
prevention
Tertiary
prevention
Prevention of oral cancer
Periodic visit to
dental clinic
DHE programme
Promotion of
research efforts
Patient Education
& motivation
- Periodic
screening &
referral
Provision of
dental
services
Provision of
dental
services
Maxi-facial
& Prostho
Plastic
surgery

31. -Use of
protective device
-Habit control
-Mouth guard
programmes
-Safety
measures for
play
Caries control;
Periodontitis control;
Space maintainers
prenatal care parent
counseling
Use of dental
professional
services
Use of dental
professional
services
Use of dental
professional
services
Minor
orthodontics
Major
orthodontics
surgery
Health
promotion
Specific
protection
Early diagnosis
treatment
Disability
limitation
Rehabilitation
Indivl
Comm
Dent
prof
Primary prevention
Secondary
prevention
Tertiary
prevention
Prevention of malocclusion
Periodic visits
to dentist
-DHE Programme
-Promotion of
Protective coverings
& protective guards
Patient
education
Maxi-facial
& Prostho
Plastic
surgery
Provision of
dental
services
Provision of
dental
services
Provision of
dental
services

33.  K. Park, Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, park, 19th
edition.
 Jong’s community dental health. George M Gluck & Warren M
Morganstein. Fifth edition
 Joseph John. Textbook of preventive and community dentistry. Second
edition.
 Louis P DiOrio. Clinical Preventive dentistry. Appleton – century – crofts.
 Richard. E. Stallard. A textbook of Preventive Dentistry. 2nd edition 1982.
WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
 Norman.O.Harris. Primary preventive dentistry.