This document provides an overview of computer networks and networking concepts. It defines a network as two or more linked computer systems and describes the Internet as a global network connecting millions of computers. The key parts of a network are identified as workstations, nodes, servers, network interface cards, and network connectivity cables. Network operating systems and specialized networking software are used to manage network operations. Networks are characterized by their topology, protocols, and architecture. Common network types include local area networks, wide area networks, and intranets. Different network topologies such as bus, star, ring and tree are also discussed.

1. Unit 1: Information
Communication Technology
Computer Networking
Mr.Johnny

2. What is a network?
A network is a group of two or more
computer systems linked together

3. The Internet
The Internet is a global network connecting
millions of computers.

4. The Internet allows us to share
data such as videos.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChK_kp-
P9I0

5. Advantages of a network
Resource sharing- allows users to share
programs and data to anyone connected
on the network.
Reliability- allows multiple copies of
important data at multiple locations. I.e
Banks, military operations.
Fast communication- a cheap and easy
alternative, especially for a lot of
companies.I.e Email.

6. Parts of a Network
1.Workstation-
Computer attached
to a network

7. Parts of a Network
2.Nodes-
Computers/printers/
servers

8. Parts of a Network
3. Server- A special computer
that shares
data/software/hardware

9. Parts of a Network
4.Network interface
card- Needed for
two computers to
communicate

10. Parts of a Network
5.Network
Connectivity-
set-up using
special
cables such
as twisted-
pair wire
and fibre
optic cables.

11. Software for networking
• Network Operating System (NOS)-
Special operating system that helps
computers in a network.
• Specialised networking software-
Required to manage, direct and
control operations within a network.

12. What is a network characterized
by?
• Topology – The design of how computers are
connected together
• Protocol-Set of rules that computers must
follow on the network to communicate with
each other.
• Architecture-This specifies the physical
components, their organization/configuration
and data formats used in processing.

13. Network Types
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/datacomm/
2networksrev1.shtml
Link

14. Internet and Intranet
• The internet is an example of a WAN network.
• An Intranet is a private network, available only within
an organization/company/school.

15. Network Topologies

16. Network Topology Activity
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/datacomm/2networks_
act.shtml

17. Name the network topology

18. Name the network topology

19. Name the network topology

20. Other Network Topologies
Tree Topology

21. Advantages
Disadvantages