introduction to internet. Computer network.

1. Introduction To
Internet
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2. Concept of network
A network is any interconnected group of people or things
capable of sharing meaningful information with one another.
In a technology context, network is usually short for
"computer network" or "data network" and implies that
computers are the things sharing the meaningful
information.
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3. What Is Internet and Web?
The internet is a globally connected network system facilitating worldwide communication and
access to data resources through a vast collection of private, public, business, academic and
government networks. It is governed by agencies like the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) that establish universal protocols.
Web is the part of the Internet that can be looked at with a special program (called a browser)
and that is made up of many documents which are linked together.
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4. Uses of computer network
Computer networks can be used in many ways to make our life easy. For example –
o Information Sharing
o Hardware Resource Sharing
o Software Resource Sharing
o Information Preservation
o Exchanging Message
o Remote Using
o Database Management
o Office Automation
o Security
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5. Uses of computer network
Source of
information
Education
medium Entertainment
Communication Sharing
capabilities
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6. Types Of Internet Services
DSL Internet
3G & 4G
Satellite
Dial Up Internet
Cable Internet
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7. Types Of Internet Services
Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that
uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network
to establish a connection to an Internet service provider by
dialing a telephone number on a conventional telephone
line. It uses a 56k modem and a phone line to create
a connection. A modem at the ISP's side then takes the
analog signal it receives and converts it back to a digital
signal. Converting the signal more than once causes
degradation and can cause reduced speeds.
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8. Types Of Internet Services
DSL stands for Digital subscriber line. Digital
subscriber line is a family of technologies that are
used to transmit digital data over telephone lines.
In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is
widely understood to mean asymmetric digital
subscriber line, the most commonly installed DSL
technology, for Internet access.
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9. Types Of Internet Services
Cable Internet is a category of broadband
Internet access that uses the infrastructure of
cable TV network to provide Internet services.
Cable Internet provides connectivity from the
Internet service provider (ISP) to the end users in
a similar manner as digital subscriber line (DSL)
and fiber-to-the-home (FTTH).
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10. Types Of Internet Services
Satellite internet is wireless internet beamed down
from satellites orbiting the Earth. It’s a lot different
from land-based internet services like cable or
DSL, which transmit data through wires. Since it’s
the only internet service that’s available
nationwide, satellite internet is often the only way
to get online for many rural homes and
businesses.
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11. Types Of Internet Services
3G and 4G are both networks that connect your phone to the
internet. The “G” in each stands for generation. So where 3G
means 'third generation', 4G stands for 'fourth generation'. As it
is with most techy things, the larger number indicates the newer,
better version of a particular technology. 4G, or the current
standard of cellular networks, was released in the late 2000s and
is 500 times faster than 3G. It has been able to support high-
definition mobile TV, video conferencing and much more.
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12. Hardware for internet
 Modem
Modem is a device that enables a computer to send or receive data over telephone or cable lines. The
data stored on the computer is digital whereas a telephone line or cable wire can transmit only analog
data. The main function of the modem is to convert digital signal into analog and vice versa.
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13. Hardware for internet
 Hub
A hub is a physical layer networking device which is used to connect multiple devices in a network.
They are generally used to connect computers in a LAN. A hub has many ports in it. A computer which
intends to be connected to the network is plugged in to one of these ports.
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14. Hardware for internet
 Router
A router is a networking device that forwards data
packets between computer
networks. Routers perform the traffic directing
functions on the Internet. Then, using information in
its routing table or routing policy, it directs the
packet to the next network on its journey.
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15. Computer network
Computer network is two or more computers that are connected with one another for the purpose of
communicating data electronically. Besides physically connecting computer and communication devices,
a network system serves the important function of establishing a cohesive architecture that allows a variety
of equipment types to transfer information in a near-seamless fashion. Two popular architectures are ISO
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) and IBM’s Systems Network Architecture (SNA).
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16. Classification of computer network
There are three main types of computer network.
•WAN:
•(Wide area
network)
MAN:
(Metropolita
n Area
Network)
PAN:
(Personal
Area
Network)
LAN:
(Local
Area
Network)
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17. PAN
A personal area network is a network concerned with the
exchange of information in the vicinity of a person. Typically,
these systems are wireless and involve the transmission of
data between devices such as smartphones, personal
computers, tablet computers, etc. The purpose of such a
network is usually to allow either transmission of data or
information between such devices or to server as the
network that allows further up link to the Internet.
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18. LAN
A LAN comprises cables, access points, switches, routers, and other
components that enable devices to connect to internal servers, web
servers, and other LANs via wide area networks. The rise of
virtualization has also fueled the development of virtual LANs, which
enable network administrators to logically group network nodes and
partition their networks without a need for major infrastructure
changes.
For example, in an office with multiple departments, such as
accounting, IT support, and administration, each department's
computers could be logically connected to the same switch but
segmented to behave as if they are separate.
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19. MAN
MAN or Metropolitan area Network covers a larger area
than that of a LAN and smaller area as compared to
WAN. It connects two or more computers that are apart
but resides in the same or different cities. It covers a large
geographical area and may serve as an ISP (Internet
Service Provider). MAN is designed for customers who
need a high-speed connectivity. Speeds of MAN ranges in
terms of Mbps. It is hard to design and maintain a
Metropolitan Area Network.
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20. WAN
WAN or Wide Area Network is a computer network that
extends over a large geographical area, although it might
be confined within the bounds of a state or country. A
WAN could be a connection of LAN connecting to other
LAN’s via telephone lines and radio waves and may be
limited to an enterprise (a corporation or an organization)
or accessible to the public. The technology is high speed
and relatively expensive.
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21. Benefits of Internet
Global
Connect
ivity
Open
&
Free
Work
from
home
Decentr
alized
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22. Demerits of Internet
Weak
Security
Privacy is
not
maintained
Addiction
for internet
Social
Isolation
Spam and
advertising
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