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AS Lesson 6 - 3 approaches
The document outlines three key approaches to representation in media: the reflective approach, which views representations as mirrors of reality; the intentional approach, where producers shape reality through representations; and the constructionist approach, which recognizes that meaning is constructed through a mix of reality, personal values, and societal context. It discusses the role of ideology in media representations and refers to theorists like Karl Marx and Gramsci, who analyzed how dominant ideologies affect perceptions and reinforce social orders. Additionally, it assigns a task to research representations of age in various media formats and encourages the application of semiotics in their analysis.
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AS Lesson 6 - 3 approaches
- 2. Reflective approach • Thisapproach suggests that representations are a direct reflection of reality.
- 3. Intentional Approach • Thissuggests that producers deliberately shape reality through representation and suggests an audience’s understanding of the world is as a result of those representations.
- 4. Constructionist Approach • Thisis a mixture! It accepts that representations construct meaning, but that this meaning is understood through reference to reality and the audience’s own ability to analyse, accept and reject.
- 5. Constructionists believe: • Representationis a mixture of: – The actual thing being represented – The values/attitudes and lifestyle (VALs) of the people/institutions constructing the representation – The reaction of the individual member of the audience (and their VALs) – The context of the society in which the representation is taking place
- 6. Ideology • Media textsconvey ideological messages: • Ideology is a system of ideas, values and beliefs promoted by dominant groups to reinforce their power (e.g: governments, state institutions, corporations).
- 7. Theorist - KarlMarx • Developed the concept of ideology in 1900s. • Analysed the way those in power protected their interests by representing their privileged position as being natural. • Consider how dominant ideologies are reinforced/challenged by media texts.
- 8. Homework • Research thefollowing two theorists. • Provide a brief summary of their theories – what do the concepts mean? Theorist Gramsci Acland Year 1971 1995 Concepts Cultural hegemony Ideology of protection; deviant youth and reproduction of social order
- 9. Positive/negative representations • Ifrepresentations do affect the way in which we think about particular groups, what does that suggest about the media audience?
- 10. Your task • Inpairs, to research representation of age from any medium on the next slide. • Produce a presentation, including images/footage: saved to the ‘Mac Shared’ Area. • Make reference to semiotics (visual codes and audio codes if appropriate).
- 11.
- 12. Representations of age •What is the media (form and genre). • How has the representation been constructed (visual and audio codes)? • What reasons are there for the representation? • How might the representation affect audience? • Who produced the representation? • What approach do you think could apply to your chosen example?
- 13.