Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. PROCESSOR
• Pentium 133 or a Power PC
Mac – the minimum for
acceptable performance
for playing MP3s.
• The higher the processor,
the better the performance
and quality of sound can be
achieved.
3. MEMORY
• The more RAM (Random
Access Memory), the better.
• But when the RAM is full,
the computer uses the hard
disk to handle the overflow.
4. HARD DISKS
• The larger and faster the
hard disk, the better.
• It is needed for ripping,
encoding and editing sound
files.
6. CD – ROM (CD DRIVES)
• Stands for Compact
Disc-Read Only Memory
• They can only read
information not write.
7. CD-R (CD DRIVES)
Stands for Compact Disc-Recordable
It can record information but one can not erase or edit the information
8. CD-RW (CD DRIVES)
Stands for Compact Disc-ReWritable
It can write and later erase or rewrite the information.
9. DRIVE PERFORMANCE (CD DRIVES)
CD-ROM drives are usually labelled to as 12X, 16X or some other X value.
The X value refers to the data transfer rate relative to 150KB/sec 1x.
10. DVD DRIVES
Also known as DigitalVideo Disc.
It has several types, the single-
layer DVD media with memory up
to 4.7 GB on a storage disc while
the dual-layer or double-layer
DVD media can pack up to 8.5 on
a single disc
11. DVD DRIVES (DRIVE PERFOMANCES)
Currently, the fastest write speed is 20X for recording on a single-layer DVD-R and
DVD+R media.
Double-layer DVD+R and dual-layer DVD-R media write speeds are currently at
8X.
13. IDE (CONNECTORS)
Stand for Integrated Drive
Electronics
This means that the controller
circuitry is on the drive rather than
on a separate card
ATAPI (ATAttachment Packet
Interface) is the protocol that is used
to communicate with non-hard drive
IDE devices like CD-ROMs
14. SCSI (CONNECTORS)
Stands for Small Computer Systems
Interface
Gives faster connection throughout
and reduces the load on the
computer’s processor.
Plextor models will rip reliably
maximum speed
Standard SCSI supports up to seven
devices on the same channel.
15. PARALLEL (CONNECTORS)
Some external drives can
sometimes be based on SCSI but
are usually limited to just one
device.
They use parallel interface so that
there can be two or more
connections but only one at a
time.
16. USB (CONNECTORS)
Stands for Universal Serial Bus
General purpose interface
designed to overcome the
limitations of serial and parallel
interfaces.
17. SOUND CARDS
Most overlooked devices in
computer audio.
It handles analog to digital (A/D)
and digital to analog (D/A)
conversion, mixing, music
synthesizing, sound effects, and
amplification.
19. FLOPPY DISKS
STORAGE DEVICES
It is a data storage medium that is
composed of a disk of thin,
flexible (“floppy”) magnetic
storage medium encased in a
square or rectangular plastic shell.
It can handle data up to 1.44MB
20. CDS
STORAGE DEVICES
Officially known as the Compact
Disc DigitalAudio or CD-DA
It remains the standard physical
medium for the sale of
commercial audio recordings to
the present day.
21. DVDS
STORAGE DEVICES
DVD-Audio (Commonly abbreviated as
DVD-A) is a digital format for delivering
very high-fidelity audio content on a
DVD
An advantage of using a DVD-Audio disc
is that users may optionally employ a
copy protection mechanism called
Content Protection for Pre-recorded
Media (CPPM)
This prevents users from extracting audio to
computers and portable media players.
22. MP3 PLAYERS
STORAGE DEVICES
Digital audio player, more
commonly referred to as an MP3
player, is an electronic device that
stores, organizes and plays audio
files from 32GB up to 250GB.
26. TWOTYPES OF MICROPHONES
Dynamic Microphone (also known as a Karaoke microphone)
Works with most sound cards.
Condenser Microphone (also known as a powered microphone)
Only works with sound cards that can provide power to the microphone.
27. TWOTYPES OF MICROPHONES
Dynamic Microphone
Dynamic Microphones
Moving coil with magnet (like a speaker)
Requires no power
Generally more rugged than condenser microphones
(except for ribbon mics)
Generally not as sensitive as condenser microphones
Generally not as flat as condenser microphones
Condenser Microphone
Condenser (Electret) Microphone
Moving diaphragm only (no coil to move)
Flatter than dynamic microphones
More sensitive than dynamic microphones
Requires power source
Traditional microphones require high-voltage power
supplies (9 volts)
Modern electric microphones require only battery (or
phantom)
Not as rugged as dynamic microphones
