This document discusses the key aspects of a project life cycle including phases and processes. It explains that a typical project life cycle has four phases: initiation, planning, implementation, and closure. Within each phase are processes that define tasks and methodologies. The document outlines the processes that typically occur within each phase, such as developing plans during planning and executing the project work during implementation. It emphasizes that processes can occur at any time and a project manager must determine what is needed for their specific project.

1. Narration, slides and
graphics by:
J. Banzon

2. What isa project?
Project,asdefinedinthePMBOK
Guide, isa“temporaryendeavor
undertakentocreateauniqueproduct,
serviceor result.”
Allprojectsvaryincomplexitybutthey
allfollowsimilarlifecycles
Allprojectshavedeliverables(meaning
theyalwaysproducesomething)
Projectexamples:




Newproductdevelopment
Buildingrenovation
Wedding
Dinner party

3. What isaproject life cycle?
Projectlifecycleisaseriesof phasesof aprojectfrominitiation
tocompletion.
Thelifecyclegivesapracticalapproachtoproblemsolving
appliedtoallaspectsof aproject.
Phasesinaprojectlifecycleencompassessequentialand
overlapping phases.
Aprojectlifecycletypicallyhas4majorphases:
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InitiationPhase
Planning Phase
Implementation/ExecutionPhase
Closure Phase

4. Project life cyclephases
Initiation Phase
Theprojectneedis
identifiedintheinitiation
phase.Itsignalsthestart
of a project.
Planning phase
Thisphaseiswheretheproject
solutionisfurtherexploredand
thestepsnecessarytoachieve
their goals.
Closurephase
Thisphaseisthefinal
closingof allproject
processesand handing
overdeliverablestothe
customer
.
Implementation phase
Theprojectplanisput
intoaction. Thisphase
iswhenpeopleare
carryingoutthetasksof
their plan.

5. Initiationphase
Thefirstphaseexplorestheprojectconcept.
Scopeisdefinedduringthis phase.
Feasibilitystudiesaremadeinordertoidentifyif there
isabusinessneedandjustificationtopursuethe
project. Project charter is developed for approval.
Thisisthephasethattheprojectteamisassembled
andtheprojectmanagerisidentified.

6. Planningphase
Thisphasefurtherdetailsthescopeof the project.
Tasksandresourcesareidentifiedandassignedduring
this phase
Projectmanagercoordinatesthepreparationof the
scheduleandproject budget
Risksareidentifiedaheadtoanticipateanyproject threats
Qualityplanisdevelopedtomaintainproperstandards
throughout project
Communicationsplaniscreatedinordertoensure
everyone is constantlyinformed of project status

7. Implementationphase
Thisphaseiswheretheworkoutlinedintheproject
planis performed.
Thisphaseconsumesthemostresourcesand
energy
.
Constantandclosemonitoringof theworkshouldbe
donetoensureefficiencyof theprojectexecution.
Statusreportsareimportantforallstakeholders
involved.
Deliverablesaremeasuredagainstthesetmetricsto
ensurequalityis acceptable

8. Closurephase
Thisisthelastphaseof theprojectlifecycleand
involveshandingoverfinaldeliverabletothe
customer.
Contractsareproperlyterminatedforequipment,
vendorsand staff.
Allstakeholdersaretobeinformedof project
closure.
Thisphaseiswhentheteamreviewstheoverall
projectandidentifylessonslearnedforfuture
projects.

9. Processes
• Processesarethetasksandmethodologiesthatoccurwithinaphase.
• Althoughtheysoundlikephases,processesarenotphases.

10. Processes
• ThePMBOKarrangeprocessesintogroupsaccordingtowhentheyty picallyoccurinaproject.
• However
,differentprocessescanoccuranytimeduringaprojectphase

11. Thisgraphicisarepresentationof whenthese
processestypicallyoccurovertheprojectlife
cycle
Processes

12. Initiating processgroup
Typicallyoccurringduringthe
initiationphaseof aproject.
Theseprocessgroupsdefine
thenewprojectorphase
objectivesandwhatisneeded
toachieveit.
Involvesobtaining
authorizationfortheprojector
phase.
Processgroupmainoutputis
the projectcharterand
stakeholder register.
Initiation processes:
4.1 Develop ProjectCharter
13.1IdentifyStakeholders
From PMBOK, 5th
edition

13. Planning processgroup
Typicallyoccurringduringthe
planningphaseof a project.
Planningprocessgroupdoesnot
justapplytotheplanningphase.
Planningisanactivitythatcontinues
toalmosttheendof aproject,as
projectstendtochangeasit
progresses.
Askilledprojectmanagerknows how
muchtimeandefforttoputinto each
stageof planningastheproject
changes
Planning processes:
4.2Develop ProjectManagement Plan
1. Plan ScopeManagement
2. Collect Requirements
3. DefineScope
4. CreateWBS
5. Plan ScheduleManagement
6. DefineActivities
7. SequenceActivities
8. EstimateActivityResources
9. EstimateActivityDuration
10. Develop Schedule
11.Plan CostManagement
12.EstimateCosts
13.DetermineBudget
8.1Plan QualityManagement
9.1Plan Human ResourceManagement
10.1Plan CommunicationsManagement
1. Plan RiskManagement
2. IdentifyRisks
3. PerformQualitativeRiskAnalysis
4. Perform Quantitative RiskAnalysis
5. Plan RiskResponses
12.1Plan ProcurementManagement
13.2Plan StakeholderManagement
From PMBOK, 5th
edition

14. Executing processgroup
Typicallyoccurringduringthe
implementation/execution
phaseof a project.
Thisprocessgroupinvolvesa
lotof managementtasksand
coordinationwithstaffwhilethe
projectplanisbeingexecuted.
Theoutputsproducedduring
thisprocessgroupistheactual
projectdeliverable.
Executionprocesses:
4.3Direct and Manage Project Work
8.2 Perform QualityAssurance
2. Acquire ProjectTeam
3. Develop ProjectTeam
4. Manage ProjectTeam
10.2 ManageCommunications
12.2 ConductProcurements
13.3Manage StakeholderEngagement
From PMBOK, 5th
edition

15. Closing processgroup
Typicallyoccurringduring
theclosurephaseof a
project.
Formaltransferof
deliverableto customer
Administrativeclosureand
contractclosureis
performedtoformallyclose
outproject.
Closing processes:
4.6Close Projector Phase
12.4 CloseProcurements
From PMBOK, 5th
edition

16. Monitoring andcontrolling processgroup
Thisprocessgroupoccurson
allphasesof theprojectlife
cycle.
Ensuresthattheprojectison
trackandflagsissuesto
maintainprojectcourse
direction.
Collectsperformancedata
throughconstantreportsfrom
teamsuchasstatusreports
andteam meetings.
Monitoring and Controlling processes:
4. Monitor andControlProject Work
5. Perform Integrated ChangeControl
5. Validate Scope
6. ControlScope
6.7ControlSchedule
7.4ControlCosts
8.3 ControlQuality
10.3ControlCommunications
11.6ControlRisks
12.3ControlProcurements
13.4Control StakeholderEngagement
From PMBOK, 5th
edition

17. Finalthoughts
WhilethePMBOKandPMIgivesanoutlineof a
typicalproject,notwoprojectsarethesame.
Agoodprojectmanagerknowshowtochoosewhich
processesareneededfortheir project.
Practicalityandpragmatismisthebestapproachto
any project. (keepit simple)

18. References
https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-p
http://www
.method123.com/project-lifecycle.php
http://www
.free-management-ebooks.com/faqpm/processes-01.htm
Duncan,William( 1996). AG uide tothe Project Ma na gement Body of
Kno w ledg e.NewtownSquare,Pennsylvania:PMIPublishingDivision.