Legal Research & Reaserach Methodology
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This document discusses legal education methodology and the examination system. It notes that education encourages independent thinking and acquiring essential skills. The examination process aims to measure the degree of knowledge students acquire. In professional fields like law, continuous evaluation of student performance is emphasized. The document suggests improving the examination system to be more innovative, reduce student stress, and provide psychological support. Evaluation is important for assessing student growth, teaching effectiveness, grading students, and certifying course completion.
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Teacher Education
Teacher education refers to the training and development of teachers. It has three main phases - initial teacher education, induction, and continuing teacher education. The goals of teacher education programs are to facilitate knowledge transfer, reform teacher behaviors, develop pedagogical skills and professional attitudes. There are different types of programs depending on the education level, from pre-primary to vocational. Common challenges include a lack of resources and supervision, while improvements can be made through better facilities, activities, course standards, and research.
Purpose of assessment
Assessment is a process of Evaluation is described Collecting, reviewing and using data for the purpose of improvement Evaluation describes as an act of passing judgment basis of evidence
Assessment pays attention‘ to teaching and learning
Evaluation focuses final outcome
Assessment is done at the beginning of the inquiry
Evaluation is usually done at the end
it is diagnostic It is judgmental
It is Formative it is Summative
It is process oriented It is product oriented
Provides feedback on
performance and are as of improvement
Determines to which objectives are achieved.
Based on observation and positive and negative Points Based on the level of quality as per set standard
set by both the parties
jointly (Assessor and Assesseee)
Set by the evaluator
It is absolute. It is comparative
School Evaluation Program
Topic: School Evaluation Program
Student Name: Amtal Basit Tooba
Class: B.Ed. (Hons) Elementary
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Reporting to Stakeholders
Topic: Reporting to Stakeholders
Student Name: Siraj ul-Haque
Class: B.Ed. Hons Elementary Part (II)
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Formative Evaluation
Formative evaluation aims to provide feedback during instruction to improve teaching and learning. It involves regularly assessing student understanding of topics as they are taught, providing feedback to students on their progress, and informing teachers on the effectiveness of their instructional methods. The feedback from formative evaluation helps teachers modify their lessons to better meet student needs and helps students identify their strengths and weaknesses to improve their learning. Some key aspects of formative evaluation include dividing subject content into logical units, assessing student understanding after each unit, and using the results to provide reinforcement or remedial support.
Assessment for promoting better learning
Assessment of student learning is not an end in itself. i.e assessment does not stop with evaluating students learning achievement and grading their performance based on the findings of assessment of student-learning.
The teacher is required to provide students appropriate feedback enabling them to know the shortcomings in their learning and the means and methods of removing them Because teacher providing feedback to students is considered as an integral part of the assessment of student learning.
Principle of Assessment Practice
Principles of Assessment Practice
Validity ensures that assessment tasks and associated criteria effectively measure student attainment of the intended learning outcomes at the appropriate level.
Assessment in elementary school is important because
Elementary school assessments are important because they are an integral part of instruction and determine if educational goals are being met. Assessments in elementary school decide grades, classroom placement, and identify students' individual instructional needs. Assessments check if students can think critically and make proper inferences to ensure all students' educational needs are appropriately addressed.
Recommended
Teacher Education
Teacher education refers to the training and development of teachers. It has three main phases - initial teacher education, induction, and continuing teacher education. The goals of teacher education programs are to facilitate knowledge transfer, reform teacher behaviors, develop pedagogical skills and professional attitudes. There are different types of programs depending on the education level, from pre-primary to vocational. Common challenges include a lack of resources and supervision, while improvements can be made through better facilities, activities, course standards, and research.
Purpose of assessment
Assessment is a process of Evaluation is described Collecting, reviewing and using data for the purpose of improvement Evaluation describes as an act of passing judgment basis of evidence
Assessment pays attention‘ to teaching and learning
Evaluation focuses final outcome
Assessment is done at the beginning of the inquiry
Evaluation is usually done at the end
it is diagnostic It is judgmental
It is Formative it is Summative
It is process oriented It is product oriented
Provides feedback on
performance and are as of improvement
Determines to which objectives are achieved.
Based on observation and positive and negative Points Based on the level of quality as per set standard
set by both the parties
jointly (Assessor and Assesseee)
Set by the evaluator
It is absolute. It is comparative
School Evaluation Program
Topic: School Evaluation Program
Student Name: Amtal Basit Tooba
Class: B.Ed. (Hons) Elementary
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Reporting to Stakeholders
Topic: Reporting to Stakeholders
Student Name: Siraj ul-Haque
Class: B.Ed. Hons Elementary Part (II)
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Formative Evaluation
Formative evaluation aims to provide feedback during instruction to improve teaching and learning. It involves regularly assessing student understanding of topics as they are taught, providing feedback to students on their progress, and informing teachers on the effectiveness of their instructional methods. The feedback from formative evaluation helps teachers modify their lessons to better meet student needs and helps students identify their strengths and weaknesses to improve their learning. Some key aspects of formative evaluation include dividing subject content into logical units, assessing student understanding after each unit, and using the results to provide reinforcement or remedial support.
Assessment for promoting better learning
Assessment of student learning is not an end in itself. i.e assessment does not stop with evaluating students learning achievement and grading their performance based on the findings of assessment of student-learning.
The teacher is required to provide students appropriate feedback enabling them to know the shortcomings in their learning and the means and methods of removing them Because teacher providing feedback to students is considered as an integral part of the assessment of student learning.
Principle of Assessment Practice
Principles of Assessment Practice
Validity ensures that assessment tasks and associated criteria effectively measure student attainment of the intended learning outcomes at the appropriate level.
Assessment in elementary school is important because
Elementary school assessments are important because they are an integral part of instruction and determine if educational goals are being met. Assessments in elementary school decide grades, classroom placement, and identify students' individual instructional needs. Assessments check if students can think critically and make proper inferences to ensure all students' educational needs are appropriately addressed.
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continuos and comprehensive evaluation
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is a system that continuously monitors student progress through regular, non-threatening assessments. It assesses all aspects of a student's development over time rather than through one-time tests. CCE aims to develop students' cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills while de-emphasizing memorization and making evaluation an integral part of teaching and learning. It involves students in the assessment process and provides feedback to improve performance and self-esteem. CCE recognizes the influence of assessment on student motivation and learning by incorporating varied styles and criteria for evaluation.
Purpose of classroom test
Classroom tests and assessments play a central role in student learning by identifying students' prior knowledge, weaknesses, and strengths to help set learning goals and motivate learning. Effective classroom tests are valid, reliable, and fair, and they provide timely feedback to both students and teachers to check instructional effectiveness, provide learning opportunities, and assess teaching strategy effectiveness.
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Student Name: Rooha Shaikh
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Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
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Evaluation
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Classroom assessment
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Job Description of a University Teacher
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Type of Assessment Overview
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Principles related to selection of methods for assessment
Assessment is directed toward the development and selection of assessment methods
and their use in the classroom by teachers. Based on the conceptual framework provided in the
Standards for Teacher Competence in Educational Assessment of Students (1990), it is
organized around five interrelated themes:
I. Developing and Choosing Methods for Assessment
II. Collecting Assessment Information
III. Judging and Scoring Student Performance
IV. Summarizing and Interpreting Results
V. Reporting Assessment Findings
The Joint Advisory Committee acknowledges that not all of the guidelines are equally
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continuos and comprehensive evaluation
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is a system that continuously monitors student progress through regular, non-threatening assessments. It assesses all aspects of a student's development over time rather than through one-time tests. CCE aims to develop students' cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills while de-emphasizing memorization and making evaluation an integral part of teaching and learning. It involves students in the assessment process and provides feedback to improve performance and self-esteem. CCE recognizes the influence of assessment on student motivation and learning by incorporating varied styles and criteria for evaluation.
Purpose of classroom test
Classroom tests and assessments play a central role in student learning by identifying students' prior knowledge, weaknesses, and strengths to help set learning goals and motivate learning. Effective classroom tests are valid, reliable, and fair, and they provide timely feedback to both students and teachers to check instructional effectiveness, provide learning opportunities, and assess teaching strategy effectiveness.
Purposes of classroom assessment by Dr. Shazia Zamir
The document discusses the purposes of classroom assessment according to Dr. Shazia Zamir. It outlines that assessment is meant to modify future instruction based on current student abilities and knowledge. It then discusses the key questions of why, what, how, when, who, and how much to assess. Specifically, it notes assessment is used to ensure learning goals and objectives are being met, to evaluate current student skills and knowledge, to account for individual differences, and to provide feedback throughout the learning process. Overall, the document conveys that assessment should be an integral part of the teaching and learning cycle aimed at improving instruction.
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Topic: Concept of Classroom Assessment
Student Name: Rooha Shaikh
Class: B.Ed. Hons Elementary Part (II)
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
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Evaluation involves assessing students' academic and non-academic development through various quantitative and qualitative methods. It serves several purposes, including improving student learning, assessing teaching effectiveness, and guiding educational decisions. There are different types of evaluation such as formative, summative, and diagnostic evaluation. The evaluation process involves setting objectives, designing learning experiences, collecting evidence of student achievement, and using the results to modify the educational system. Evaluation benefits both students and teachers by providing feedback and guiding improvement.
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Coaching has become lucrative business in our country.
Helps to identify their strengths and weaknesses and also in making and following an organized study pattern.
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This document contains summaries of two passages about assessment and feedback in education.
The first passage discusses assessment for learning, which helps teachers understand what students know and still need to learn. It notes benefits like motivating students and engaging them actively. The second passage distinguishes between formative and summative evaluation, and emphasizes the importance of feedback in helping students improve. It provides guidelines for giving feedback that encourages learners without making them feel discouraged or embarrassed.
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To be effective, Medical education needs to set up authentic methods for assessing and evaluating all the domains of learning, based on Bloom's taxonomy. This slide-set is on cognitive domain.
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Assessment for learning involves gathering information about students' learning through tasks and rubrics, analyzing the information, and using it to make decisions to improve learning. It seeks to directly assess students' performance through real-life tasks and products, unlike traditional assessments. The goals of assessment for learning are to determine students' learning needs, place them in an optimal learning environment, provide feedback on their strengths and weaknesses, and evaluate curriculum effectiveness.
Alternate mode of examination
The document discusses alternatives to traditional examinations in the education system due to various limitations of examinations. It outlines several proposed alternative examination methods including continuous and comprehensive evaluation (CCE), open book examinations, online examinations, take-home exams, and other modes. CCE involves evaluating students across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Open book exams allow students to bring resources into exams but require utilizing resources and reducing reliance on memory. Online exams provide immediate feedback but have disadvantages like technology and health issues. Take-home exams give students more time but risk improper collaboration.
Introduction to assessment in medical education training
Dr. Saurabh Jain discusses assessment in his presentation. He defines assessment as "to sit beside and judge" a learner. There are three main types of assessment: summative assessment evaluates learning at the end of a period, formative assessment provides feedback, and internal assessment is conducted by teachers. An appropriate assessment demonstrates validity, reliability, feasibility, acceptability, and positive educational impact. It should align with learning objectives and evaluate students at all levels of Miller's pyramid from knowledge to performance. The utility of assessment increases when it incorporates multiple appropriate attributes to fully capture a learner's abilities.
Classroom assessment
Important of Classroom assessment and how a teacher can design the test item for classroom assessment.
Job Description of a University Teacher
Under the direction of their supervisor, the Senior Lecturer is responsible for teaching Management Information Systems at Jaganath University's Department of Management. Key responsibilities include assigning and grading classwork, maintaining student records, organizing conferences, keeping updated in their field through research, and using relevant technology in teaching. The ideal candidate holds a Master's degree with a minimum CGPA of 3.85 or a PhD, has 2-3 years of teaching experience and publications, and has strong English and Bengali communication skills as well as knowledge of Management Information Systems.
Type of Assessment Overview
Assessment is an essential powerful tool in the teaching and learning process. An overview of the type of assessment. Measure student competence and learning outcome.
Principles related to selection of methods for assessment
Assessment is directed toward the development and selection of assessment methods
and their use in the classroom by teachers. Based on the conceptual framework provided in the
Standards for Teacher Competence in Educational Assessment of Students (1990), it is
organized around five interrelated themes:
I. Developing and Choosing Methods for Assessment
II. Collecting Assessment Information
III. Judging and Scoring Student Performance
IV. Summarizing and Interpreting Results
V. Reporting Assessment Findings
The Joint Advisory Committee acknowledges that not all of the guidelines are equally
applicable in all circumstances. However, consideration of the full set of principles and
guidelines within Assessment should help to achieve fairness and equity for the students to be
assessed
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This document discusses optimum methods for assessing the affective domain in medical education. It recommends assessing desirable professional attributes through authentic assessments using real-world tasks. Effective tools include checklists, rating scales, and rubrics. Rubrics are most informative as they describe different performance levels. Authentic assessments include evaluations by supervisors, peers, self, and standardized patients through longitudinal observations, clinical vignettes, and direct observations. Assessing affective outcomes formatively over time using authentic tasks and rubrics best follows the advice to assess important rather than convenient outcomes.
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Purposes of classroom assessment by Dr. Shazia Zamir
Purposes of classroom assessment by Dr. Shazia Zamir
Optimum assessment of cognitive domain in medical education
Optimum assessment of cognitive domain in medical education
Introduction to assessment in medical education training
Introduction to assessment in medical education training
Principles related to selection of methods for assessment
Principles related to selection of methods for assessment
Authentic assessment of affective domain in medical education
Authentic assessment of affective domain in medical education
Process of Assessment- B.Ed syllabus, assessment for learning
Process of Assessment- B.Ed syllabus, assessment for learning
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Using Assessment that Support the Curriculum
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Formative evaluation
The document discusses different types of evaluation in education including formative, summative, diagnostic, criterion-referenced, and norm-referenced evaluation. Formative evaluation occurs during instruction to provide feedback and improve teaching and learning. Summative evaluation happens at the end of a course to assess learning and assign grades. Diagnostic evaluation identifies specific learning difficulties. Criterion-referenced evaluation measures students' mastery of learning objectives, while norm-referenced evaluation compares students to their peers. The document provides details on the characteristics, purposes, and examples of each type of evaluation.
Perspectives of assessment and evaluation
This document discusses various tools for assessment and evaluation in education. It describes tests and checklists as two common tools. Tests are formal or informal methods of measuring student knowledge, skills, and abilities, and can be standardized, administered universally, or designed by individual teachers. Checklists are simple tools that allow teachers to systematically record observations of student behaviors and skills. Both tests and checklists have advantages like being easy to use and score, but also limitations like not capturing quality or context.
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Criminal Investigation & Forensic Science
Criminal investigation plays a pivotal role in maintaining law and order by establishing the facts of a crime and identifying the victim and culprit. It involves understanding the nature of the crime and criminal to effectively investigate by collecting evidence to answer questions about what happened, who was involved, when and where it occurred, what the motive was, and whether witnesses can be trusted. Police are the main investigators, but they work with other specialists and the evidence they gather is used to establish the details of the crime and identify the responsible parties.
Multiple Factor Approach Theory - Mobility & Culture Conflicts
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2) Modernization, urbanization, and industrialization can sometimes lead to social disorganization and cultural conflicts between groups, resulting in deviant behavior.
3) The propagation of crime reports in media can encourage crime among those with unstable minds or psychopathic tendencies and cause the general public to lose faith in law enforcement.
Needs & Preferential Payment of Creditor Protection
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Sustainable Development & Bio-Diversity
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Liability Convention, 1972
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General Deduction u/s. 37(1) of the I.T. Act, 1961
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1) The expenditure cannot be covered under Sections 30-36.
2) Capital expenditures are not deductible.
3) Expenditures cannot be personal in nature.
4) Expenditures must be for the purpose of the business carried out by the assessee in the previous year.
5) Illegal expenditures are not deductible.
Powers of Controller in India
This document outlines various powers granted to the controller or authorized persons under the Information Technology Act:
1. The controller has the power to search and seize items if they believe infringement has occurred. This includes placing identification marks, entering and searching premises, searching people, and breaking locks.
2. The controller can call for any information from individuals or organizations that may be useful to determine if the IT Act was contravened.
3. The controller can inspect and make copies of books and have access to computer systems and equipment to search for information.
International Covenant on Economics, Social & Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
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Regulation on sale of Medicines
The document discusses regulations for selling medicines under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. It states that licensing authorities appointed by state governments issue licenses to sell drugs, which are valid for five years unless suspended or cancelled. Licenses will only be granted to applicants who have proper storage and qualifications, and may be refused to those convicted under the Act. Pharmacies must be run by a registered pharmacist, maintain proper records, and store poisons securely in a locked cupboard marked with the word "poison". Licenses can be cancelled or suspended if any conditions are not complied with.
Situation
Hon'ble Justice Mr. HCJ was appointed as the chairperson of the Competition Commission of India on January 1, 2005 at age 61. According to the Competition Act of 2002, the term for a chairperson is 5 years and they are eligible for reappointment. However, no chairperson can hold the position past age 65. Therefore, since Mr. HCJ would turn 65 on December 31, 2008, he would have to retire from his position before completing his full 5-year term and would not be eligible for reappointment.
Composition of Arbitral Tribunal.
This document discusses provisions around alternative dispute resolution and arbitration. It outlines that an arbitral tribunal shall consist of an odd number of arbitrators unless otherwise agreed, with each party appointing one in a three-arbitrator panel. An arbitrator may only be challenged for circumstances that raise doubts on impartiality or independence, lack of qualifications, or reasons a party became aware of after appointment. The procedure for a challenge requires sending a written statement within 15 days of the relevant event or constitution of the tribunal.
Definition & Kinds Of States
The document discusses key concepts in international law including defining the state, sovereignty, and sovereign equality of states. It notes that defining the state can be difficult as the meaning may vary. It provides definitions of the state as a lawful government with sovereign power over its people and affairs. Sovereignty is described as the absolute and supreme authority within a state. The document also discusses principles of sovereign equality, which means that all states are equal in status regardless of differences in size or population.
Provisions of Hazardous Process
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1) The Act defined hazardous processes and established two new schedules listing industries involving hazardous processes and permissible levels of certain chemicals.
2) An Expert Committee was formed under the Chief Inspector of a state to advise on matters arising out of hazardous processes. It includes representatives from various regulatory and expert bodies.
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Section 4, Indian Patent Act, 1970
Inventions relating to atomic energy and certain compounds used in atomic energy are not patentable in India. The Atomic Energy Act of 1962 designates that the central government has sole authority over atomic energy development and operation to ensure safety. Specifically, the Act prohibits patents for inventions involving atomic energy as defined through nuclear fission and fusion processes, as well as compounds including uranium, beryllium, thorium, plutonium, radium, and graphite.
History of Foreign Trade: Post, 1991
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My Last Duchess
The document provides context and analysis about the poem "My Last Duchess" by Robert Browning. It describes that the poem is about the Duke of Ferrara who had three marriages but no children. It suggests the Duke was modeled after Alfonso II who ruled Ferrara in the 16th century. The poem reveals the Duke to be proud, possessive, and selfish, as well as a lover of art. It further analyzes that the poem uses ekphrasis to dramatize the viewers' response to a portrait of the Duke's last wife and reveal the violence underlying representation. The Duke shows off the portrait to a visitor while describing his arrogance and how he viewed women as objects.
Jurisdiction of Civil Courts & Statutory exclusion thereof
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The Right to genuine criticism & The test of erosion of public confidence
The document discusses the balancing of free speech rights and preserving confidence in the judicial system under the law of contempt. It notes that while the judiciary is open to criticism as part of democratic principles, serious allegations against an individual judge could undermine public trust. The Supreme Court has held that criticism of judicial acts must be respectful and avoid attributing motives, as judgments are public documents that can be commented on and critiqued in a dignified manner.
Section 39 & 40
The document discusses the law of evidence in India. It explains what evidence is necessary when a statement forms part of a conversation, longer statement, document, or electronic record. The court will consider evidence necessary for the full understanding of the nature and effect of the statement in each case. Evidence should not be given against a party without also providing the full context of what was said or written on the same occasion. Amendments were introduced to include electronic records and related terms. Prior judgments can prevent courts from hearing similar cases under the doctrine of res judicata to avoid multiplicity of suits. However, civil court judgments are not admissible as evidence in criminal cases to prove innocence. Judgments show their date and legal consequences but are not
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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6:个人职称评审加20分
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Lincoln硕士毕业证成绩单【微信95270640】办理新西兰林肯大学毕业证原版一模一样、Lincoln毕业证制作【Q微信95270640】《新西兰林肯大学毕业证购买流程》《Lincoln成绩单制作》新西兰林肯大学毕业证书Lincoln毕业证文凭新西兰林肯大学
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[留学文凭学历认证(留信认证使馆认证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单毕业证证书大学Offer请假条成绩单语言证书国际回国人员证明高仿教育部认证申请学校等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
多年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学degreeDiplomaTranscripts等毕业材料。海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？工艺难度主要由：烫金.钢印.底纹.水印.防伪光标.热敏防伪等等组成。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理新西兰林肯大学新西兰林肯大学毕业证学位证信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
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2：国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书这个入网证书并且可以归档到地方。
3：凡是获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内将在公安部网内查询个人身份证信息后同步读取人才网入库信息。
4：个人职称评审加20分个人信誉贷款加10分。
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一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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Legal Research & Reaserach Methodology
- 1. Bhargav P. Dangar Roll No. 7 Sem 3, LL.M (Criminal Group) Legal Education & Research Methodology
- 2. Education is planned undertaking, at a personal level on a small scale or institutional level on large scale. Education encourages the students to analyse and evaluate their experiences and to think independently and acquire proficiency. Students must taught the essential skills for success in today’s world, such as critical thinking, problem solving communication and collaborations. The main emphasis is to assess the knowledge gained by student and motive him/herself to improve upon it.
- 3. The process of examination aims at measuring the ‘degree’ of knowledge incorporated by the students during a course of study or training imparted to them. In professional educational system like Law, special emphasis is given to continuous ‘evaluation of students’ performance during a term or academic year. Students may pass examination securing with good marks with scanty preparation, mostly done before examination. Acquiring the best knowledge and not merely scoring good mark must be the goal of the student.
- 4. The machinery implemented to run examination system must be ‘determined’ & ‘faultless’ in its process. It should be operate without fear, favour, pressure and prejudice. The following suggestions can be considered to improve the exam system; 1. University exams must encourage students to be innovative.
- 5. 2. Exams must not induce an unwarranted level of anxiety and stress on the students. 3. Exams must not add to continual suffering, nervous breakdown resulting exam induced suicide. 4. University/ College must open departments with psychological counsellors to support students. 5. Universities must be transparent in disclosing grading and mark/grade reporting.
- 6. Evaluation is important because only through evaluation a teacher can judge the growth and development of students, as well effectiveness of own teaching in the class. Continuous process evaluation serves a number of purposes in education, some of are well known reasons are; 1. We come to know whether a student has developed a certain ‘ability’ stated in the education objectives or not. 2. We also know the progress of students during the course of teaching and learning.
- 7. 3. We are able to grade, rank classify, compare & promote the students. 4. Helps in selection of students for admission or scholarship. 5. It is also used for certifying the completion of a course (by giving certificates, diploma, or degree).