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MBA MARKETING MANAGEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THEORY OF PRICING Much of the theory of pricing is derived from that of economics. The basic idea is that, ‘ Demand will be different at each price level chosen’ As can be seen from the diagram, demand normally (but not always) falls as price increases. Demand curve Price Quantity demanded
[object Object],[object Object],Supply curve Price Quantity supplied
[object Object],[object Object],Price £ Demand Supply Equilibrium Price Quantity
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRICING OBJECTIVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
STRATEGIC DTERMINANTS OF PRICE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cost Competition Demand
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Revenue from Product X – Direct variable costs  = Contribution of X Revenue of Product Y – Direct variable costs  = Contribution of Y
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],    Price Ceiling Demand What the market will Costs  Price Floor Competitors Price  Range Within this band, there may be  agreement between competitors (eg petrol/cigarettes) to avoid retaliatory responses.
POSITIONING AND LIFE CYCLES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRICING STRATEGIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],First layer of customers Second layer Third layer etc ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Penetration pricing Leads to increased sales and market share A typical example would be a new breakfast cereal or a product  launched in a new overseas market.  Initially it would be launched with a relatively low price, coupled to discounts and special offers. As the product penetrates the market, sales and profitability increase. Prices can then creep upwards.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Price Natural Market Price Price which yields lowest acceptable long-term return on capital invested Destroyer  price range
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Lecture 8 mba_marketing_management_-_pricing

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  • 4. THEORY OF PRICING Much of the theory of pricing is derived from that of economics. The basic idea is that, ‘ Demand will be different at each price level chosen’ As can be seen from the diagram, demand normally (but not always) falls as price increases. Demand curve Price Quantity demanded
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