This document summarizes the embryological development of the face, including the lips, nose, cheeks, eyes, ears, palate, and nasal cavity. It provides a timeline of key developmental events from 4-10 weeks and describes how structures like the upper and lower lips, nose, cheeks, eyes, and ears develop from processes including the frontonasal process and mandibular arches. It also explains how the palate forms through the fusion of the palatal processes, primitive palate, and nasal septum. Common anomalies are briefly mentioned.
The document summarizes the development of the face and its structures from the 4th to 7th weeks of gestation. It describes how facial prominences like the maxillary and mandibular prominences form and contribute to structures like the upper lip, nose, and palate. It also discusses the development of the tongue from lingual swellings and how various nerves innervate parts of the developing face and tongue.
The document summarizes the development of the face, nose, palate, nasal cavities, and pituitary gland from the 4th week of development. It describes how the face develops from 5 mesenchymal prominences that surround the primitive mouth. It then discusses the development of specific structures such as the lips, salivary glands, nose, palate, and nasal cavities from these prominences. The pituitary gland is noted to develop from the ectoderm of the roof of the stomodeum and floor of the diencephalon. Some congenital anomalies are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses the embryological development of several head and neck structures including the face, temporomandibular joint, tongue, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and salivary glands. It explains that these structures develop from embryonic tissues and structures between the third and eighth week of gestation. Key structures like the face develop from prominences that emerge in the areas of the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes. Other structures such as the temporomandibular joint, tongue, and paranasal sinuses develop through the condensation and ossification of mesenchymal tissues or as outpocketings of epithelial
The document discusses the development of facial structures from prominences that appear around the fourth week of development. It describes how the frontonasal prominence forms parts of the forehead and nose. The maxillary prominences form parts of the upper lip, maxilla, and secondary palate. The mandibular prominences contribute to lower facial development. Specific structures that develop include the external nose, upper and lower lips, cheeks, primary and secondary palates, nasal cavity, eyes, and auricles. Congenital anomalies that can occur in facial development are also reviewed.
1. Face development begins in the 4th week of gestation from 5 mesenchymal prominences - the mandibular, maxillary, and frontonasal prominences.
2. The medial and lateral nasal prominences develop from the frontonasal prominence and grow toward each other, fusing to form the midline of the nose.
3. The mandibular prominences fuse to form the lower jaw, while the maxillary prominences fuse with the lateral nasal prominences and medial prominences to form the cheeks, upper lip, and sides of the nose.
1.development of face and teeth by dr ibrahimDr Ibrahim
The development of the face and its structures like the lips, teeth, palate, eyes, ears, and nose begins during the 4th week of gestation from primordia surrounding the primitive mouth. The maxillary processes, mandibular process, and frontonasal process give rise to these structures. By fusion and growth of these primordia, the face takes shape. The palate develops from palatine shelves that elevate and fuse in the midline. Any disruption in the formation or fusion of these primordia can result in cleft lip and/or cleft palate.
Development of Face, Nose and Palate (Special Embryology)Dr. Sherif Fahmy
The document describes the development of the face, nose, and palate from five processes - the fronto-nasal process, two maxillary processes, and two mandibular processes. It explains how each process contributes to the structures of the face and palate. The maxillary processes form parts of the upper lip, cheek, upper jaw, and hard palate. The mandibular processes form parts of the lower lip, cheek, lower jaw, and floor of mouth. The fronto-nasal process forms parts of the nose, upper jaw, and primary palate. Congenital anomalies can occur if there are failures of fusion between the processes during development.
The document summarizes the development of the face and its structures from the 4th to 7th weeks of gestation. It describes how facial prominences like the maxillary and mandibular prominences form and contribute to structures like the upper lip, nose, and palate. It also discusses the development of the tongue from lingual swellings and how various nerves innervate parts of the developing face and tongue.
The document summarizes the development of the face, nose, palate, nasal cavities, and pituitary gland from the 4th week of development. It describes how the face develops from 5 mesenchymal prominences that surround the primitive mouth. It then discusses the development of specific structures such as the lips, salivary glands, nose, palate, and nasal cavities from these prominences. The pituitary gland is noted to develop from the ectoderm of the roof of the stomodeum and floor of the diencephalon. Some congenital anomalies are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses the embryological development of several head and neck structures including the face, temporomandibular joint, tongue, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and salivary glands. It explains that these structures develop from embryonic tissues and structures between the third and eighth week of gestation. Key structures like the face develop from prominences that emerge in the areas of the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes. Other structures such as the temporomandibular joint, tongue, and paranasal sinuses develop through the condensation and ossification of mesenchymal tissues or as outpocketings of epithelial
The document discusses the development of facial structures from prominences that appear around the fourth week of development. It describes how the frontonasal prominence forms parts of the forehead and nose. The maxillary prominences form parts of the upper lip, maxilla, and secondary palate. The mandibular prominences contribute to lower facial development. Specific structures that develop include the external nose, upper and lower lips, cheeks, primary and secondary palates, nasal cavity, eyes, and auricles. Congenital anomalies that can occur in facial development are also reviewed.
1. Face development begins in the 4th week of gestation from 5 mesenchymal prominences - the mandibular, maxillary, and frontonasal prominences.
2. The medial and lateral nasal prominences develop from the frontonasal prominence and grow toward each other, fusing to form the midline of the nose.
3. The mandibular prominences fuse to form the lower jaw, while the maxillary prominences fuse with the lateral nasal prominences and medial prominences to form the cheeks, upper lip, and sides of the nose.
1.development of face and teeth by dr ibrahimDr Ibrahim
The development of the face and its structures like the lips, teeth, palate, eyes, ears, and nose begins during the 4th week of gestation from primordia surrounding the primitive mouth. The maxillary processes, mandibular process, and frontonasal process give rise to these structures. By fusion and growth of these primordia, the face takes shape. The palate develops from palatine shelves that elevate and fuse in the midline. Any disruption in the formation or fusion of these primordia can result in cleft lip and/or cleft palate.
Development of Face, Nose and Palate (Special Embryology)Dr. Sherif Fahmy
The document describes the development of the face, nose, and palate from five processes - the fronto-nasal process, two maxillary processes, and two mandibular processes. It explains how each process contributes to the structures of the face and palate. The maxillary processes form parts of the upper lip, cheek, upper jaw, and hard palate. The mandibular processes form parts of the lower lip, cheek, lower jaw, and floor of mouth. The fronto-nasal process forms parts of the nose, upper jaw, and primary palate. Congenital anomalies can occur if there are failures of fusion between the processes during development.
The document summarizes the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It discusses how the frontonasal process, maxillary processes, and mandibular processes form the structures of the face, including the lips, nose, eyes, ears, and palate. It also describes the development of branchial arches and how they contribute to specific muscles, nerves, arteries, and bones. The formation and differentiation of the pharyngeal pouches and clefts that form parts of the ear, thyroid, parathyroid glands and thymus are also outlined.
The document summarizes the development of the primary and secondary palate. It discusses that initially, there is a common oral and nasal cavity that is separated during development. The primary palate develops first from the intermaxillary segment, forming the initial separation. Later, the secondary palate develops from the palatine processes fusing in the midline. The palatine processes reorient from vertical to horizontal as the tongue lowers and the mandible grows. They will fuse together and with the primary palate and nasal septum. Cleft palate can occur if there are issues with fusion between the palatine processes and primary palate or nasal septum.
Development of Face and Palate including Anomalies of palate Ragya Bharadwaj
The face develops between 4-6 weeks of embryonic development. Key structures include the pharyngeal arches and neural crest cells. The pharyngeal arches give rise to structures like the jaw and palate, while neural crest cells contribute to structures like the nose. The nasal pits form from placodes and fuse with other prominences. The primary palate forms from fusion of the medial nasal prominences, while the secondary palate develops from the palatal shelves fusing. Cleft lip and palate can occur if these fusion processes fail.
The development of the face and oral cavity involves contributions from the three germ layers and formation of facial prominences and visceral arches. The ectoderm forms the surface epithelium and nasal placodes. Mesoderm migrates through the primitive streak to form the mesoderm layer between ectoderm and endoderm. Facial prominences include the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes. The primary palate develops from the medial nasal processes while the secondary palate develops from the palatine shelves of the maxillary processes. The tongue develops from swellings in the first and third visceral arches.
The face develops between the fourth and eighth week of embryonic development from structures including the frontonasal process, medial nasal process, and maxillary process. The upper lip forms from the maxillary processes and medial nasal processes fusing, while the lower lip forms when the mandibular processes fuse in the midline. Other structures including the nose, cheeks, eyes, and ears develop from the merging and shaping of embryonic processes during this period. Abnormalities can occur if formation of these structures is disrupted.
The document discusses the development of the face and its structures from early embryonic development through the formation of the branchial arches and facial prominences. It describes how the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes merge in the midline to form structures of the face, including the lips, nose, and palate. The development of specific structures like the nose, paranasal sinuses, jaws, and palate are then examined in more detail. The role of the branchial arches and Meckel's cartilage in mandibular development is also summarized.
The document discusses the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It describes how the face develops from three prominences - the frontonasal process and right and left maxillary and mandibular processes. It provides details on how various structures are formed from the fusion and development of these prominences, including the upper lip, lower lip, cheek, nose, palate and muscles of the face. The document also briefly discusses some common developmental anomalies of the face like cleft lip and cleft palate.
1. The document discusses the developmental mechanisms of the face, including how tissues proliferate, differentiate, migrate, and produce extracellular materials to develop structures.
2. It describes how differential growth of tissues leads to the formation of protrusions and ridges separated by clefts in the early embryo.
3. The fate of these clefts is explained, including how they may deepen, be eradicated, bridged to form ducts, or form cords that canalize to form tubes.
1) The palate develops from multiple processes including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arch.
2) The primary palate forms by week 6 from the maxillary and medial nasal processes, separating the oral and nasal cavities.
3) During weeks 6-8, the secondary palate forms from outgrowths of the maxillary processes called palatal processes which rotate upwards and fuse to complete the separation.
Development of the Face, Tongue, Palate, Thyroid gland profgoodnewszion
The tongue develops from endodermal and ectodermal tissues originating from the pharyngeal arches. The thyroid gland develops from an endodermal diverticulum that descends in the neck and remains connected to the tongue via the thyroglossal duct. The face develops from five prominences, with the nose forming from the frontal prominence and medial and lateral nasal prominences. The palate develops as the palatine shelves rotate and fuse in the midline. Congenital anomalies can affect structures developing from the pharyngeal arches, including cleft lip/palate and thyroglossal duct cysts.
(Lec 3) Embryology - development of the maxillofacial complexHamzeh AlBattikhi
The document describes the development of various facial structures in utero from 4-12 weeks gestation. It discusses how the frontonasal process, mandibular processes, and maxillary processes give rise to the primitive oral cavity and facial swellings at 4 weeks. By 5 weeks, the nasal pits have formed and the oronasal membranes separate the nasal and oral cavities. By 6 weeks, fusion of the mandibular processes occurs and palatal shelves begin to develop from the maxillary processes. Between 8-12 weeks, the palatal shelves fuse to form the secondary palate separating the oral and nasal cavities. The development of other structures like the mandible, maxilla, tongue are also described.
Development of palate /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses the development of the face and palate from embryology. It begins with an introduction to embryology and the formation of germ layers. It then covers the development of the five facial primordia around the stomodeum in the fourth week. This includes the frontonasal prominence and paired maxillary and mandibular prominences. It also discusses the formation of the nasal placodes, lips, eyes, and ears from the facial prominences. The document next explains palatogenesis, including the development of the primary and secondary palate from the sixth to twelfth weeks. It concludes with anomalies that can occur during craniofacial development.
The document summarizes facial development from the 4th to 8th weeks of gestation. It describes how the frontonasal prominence forms the forehead and nose while the maxillary prominences form the upper lip and cheek and the mandibular prominences form the lower lip, chin and cheek. It also discusses nasal cavity development including formation of the nasal sac and choanae as well as development of the palate, paranasal sinuses, and bones of the skull.
The document summarizes the development of the palate and its anomalies. It begins by describing how the face develops from structures around the stomodeum, including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arches. It then explains palate development in detail, from the primitive palate formed by the frontonasal process to the definitive palate formed by fusion of the palatine shelves. It classifies palate anomalies and describes cleft lip and cleft palate. It concludes by outlining treatment for cleft palate including surgical management and use of palatal obturators.
Development of the Face, Oral Cavity & Pharyngeal archesOHupdates
The document summarizes the development of the face, oral cavity, and pharyngeal arches in humans. Key points include:
- The lower jaw (mandible) forms first at 4 weeks, with facial proportions developing between 9 weeks to birth.
- Five prominences (frontonasal, paired maxillary, paired mandibular) form around the stomodeum by 4 weeks and contribute to facial structure development.
- Nasal cavities develop from nasal pits and sacs between 4-7 weeks, with the nasal septum forming by fusion of medial nasal prominences by 12 weeks.
- The primary palate develops from the intermaxillary segment by 6 weeks, and
The document summarizes the development of the face from early embryonic development through formation of the individual structures. It discusses how the pharyngeal arches give rise to structures like the mandible, maxilla and tongue. It also describes how structures like the nose, lips, palate and skull develop. Finally, it reviews some common developmental anomalies that can occur when structures fail to form properly.
The palate develops from two parts - the primary and secondary palate. The primary palate develops early from the median palatine process during week 6 and forms the anterior hard palate. The secondary palate develops later from lateral palatine shelves that grow over the tongue between weeks 8-9 and fuse between weeks 9-12 to form the posterior hard and soft palates. Cleft palate is caused by failure of fusion between the primary palate and lateral shelves or between the shelves themselves, resulting in unilateral or bilateral clefts classified as involving the primary, secondary or both palates.
The document summarizes the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It discusses how the frontonasal prominence, maxillary prominences, and mandibular prominences form the basic structures of the face. It describes the development of specific structures like the nose, palate, ears, eyes, lips, and tongue from these prominences. It also discusses the theories of craniofacial growth and the role of the pharyngeal arches, pouches, grooves, and clefts in facial development.
Face develops in humans between 4th – 10th week of intrauterine life.
prenatal growth of the maxilla
DEVELOPMENT OF UPPER LIP
Development of lower lip
Development of nose
hare lip
OBLIQUE FACIAL CLEFT
macrostomia
lateral facial cleft
microstomia
Brain and heart bulges are separated by the stomatodeum early in development. The stomatodeum floor is formed by the buccopharyngeal membrane. Mesoderm over the developing forebrain proliferates and projects downward as the frontonasal process, overlapping the upper stomatodeum. The face develops from the frontonasal process and the mandibular arches of the first pharyngeal arch on each side.
This document provides an overview of the embryology and development of the face and associated structures. It discusses the formation of various facial features such as the lips, nose, eyes, ears from embryonic structures such as the frontonasal process and pharyngeal arches. It also covers anomalies that can occur during facial development as well as the development of other structures like the palate, teeth and salivary glands. The development of structures is explained through stages from the formation of the germ layers to maturation of the embryo.
The document summarizes the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It discusses how the frontonasal process, maxillary processes, and mandibular processes form the structures of the face, including the lips, nose, eyes, ears, and palate. It also describes the development of branchial arches and how they contribute to specific muscles, nerves, arteries, and bones. The formation and differentiation of the pharyngeal pouches and clefts that form parts of the ear, thyroid, parathyroid glands and thymus are also outlined.
The document summarizes the development of the primary and secondary palate. It discusses that initially, there is a common oral and nasal cavity that is separated during development. The primary palate develops first from the intermaxillary segment, forming the initial separation. Later, the secondary palate develops from the palatine processes fusing in the midline. The palatine processes reorient from vertical to horizontal as the tongue lowers and the mandible grows. They will fuse together and with the primary palate and nasal septum. Cleft palate can occur if there are issues with fusion between the palatine processes and primary palate or nasal septum.
Development of Face and Palate including Anomalies of palate Ragya Bharadwaj
The face develops between 4-6 weeks of embryonic development. Key structures include the pharyngeal arches and neural crest cells. The pharyngeal arches give rise to structures like the jaw and palate, while neural crest cells contribute to structures like the nose. The nasal pits form from placodes and fuse with other prominences. The primary palate forms from fusion of the medial nasal prominences, while the secondary palate develops from the palatal shelves fusing. Cleft lip and palate can occur if these fusion processes fail.
The development of the face and oral cavity involves contributions from the three germ layers and formation of facial prominences and visceral arches. The ectoderm forms the surface epithelium and nasal placodes. Mesoderm migrates through the primitive streak to form the mesoderm layer between ectoderm and endoderm. Facial prominences include the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes. The primary palate develops from the medial nasal processes while the secondary palate develops from the palatine shelves of the maxillary processes. The tongue develops from swellings in the first and third visceral arches.
The face develops between the fourth and eighth week of embryonic development from structures including the frontonasal process, medial nasal process, and maxillary process. The upper lip forms from the maxillary processes and medial nasal processes fusing, while the lower lip forms when the mandibular processes fuse in the midline. Other structures including the nose, cheeks, eyes, and ears develop from the merging and shaping of embryonic processes during this period. Abnormalities can occur if formation of these structures is disrupted.
The document discusses the development of the face and its structures from early embryonic development through the formation of the branchial arches and facial prominences. It describes how the frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular processes merge in the midline to form structures of the face, including the lips, nose, and palate. The development of specific structures like the nose, paranasal sinuses, jaws, and palate are then examined in more detail. The role of the branchial arches and Meckel's cartilage in mandibular development is also summarized.
The document discusses the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It describes how the face develops from three prominences - the frontonasal process and right and left maxillary and mandibular processes. It provides details on how various structures are formed from the fusion and development of these prominences, including the upper lip, lower lip, cheek, nose, palate and muscles of the face. The document also briefly discusses some common developmental anomalies of the face like cleft lip and cleft palate.
1. The document discusses the developmental mechanisms of the face, including how tissues proliferate, differentiate, migrate, and produce extracellular materials to develop structures.
2. It describes how differential growth of tissues leads to the formation of protrusions and ridges separated by clefts in the early embryo.
3. The fate of these clefts is explained, including how they may deepen, be eradicated, bridged to form ducts, or form cords that canalize to form tubes.
1) The palate develops from multiple processes including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arch.
2) The primary palate forms by week 6 from the maxillary and medial nasal processes, separating the oral and nasal cavities.
3) During weeks 6-8, the secondary palate forms from outgrowths of the maxillary processes called palatal processes which rotate upwards and fuse to complete the separation.
Development of the Face, Tongue, Palate, Thyroid gland profgoodnewszion
The tongue develops from endodermal and ectodermal tissues originating from the pharyngeal arches. The thyroid gland develops from an endodermal diverticulum that descends in the neck and remains connected to the tongue via the thyroglossal duct. The face develops from five prominences, with the nose forming from the frontal prominence and medial and lateral nasal prominences. The palate develops as the palatine shelves rotate and fuse in the midline. Congenital anomalies can affect structures developing from the pharyngeal arches, including cleft lip/palate and thyroglossal duct cysts.
(Lec 3) Embryology - development of the maxillofacial complexHamzeh AlBattikhi
The document describes the development of various facial structures in utero from 4-12 weeks gestation. It discusses how the frontonasal process, mandibular processes, and maxillary processes give rise to the primitive oral cavity and facial swellings at 4 weeks. By 5 weeks, the nasal pits have formed and the oronasal membranes separate the nasal and oral cavities. By 6 weeks, fusion of the mandibular processes occurs and palatal shelves begin to develop from the maxillary processes. Between 8-12 weeks, the palatal shelves fuse to form the secondary palate separating the oral and nasal cavities. The development of other structures like the mandible, maxilla, tongue are also described.
Development of palate /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses the development of the face and palate from embryology. It begins with an introduction to embryology and the formation of germ layers. It then covers the development of the five facial primordia around the stomodeum in the fourth week. This includes the frontonasal prominence and paired maxillary and mandibular prominences. It also discusses the formation of the nasal placodes, lips, eyes, and ears from the facial prominences. The document next explains palatogenesis, including the development of the primary and secondary palate from the sixth to twelfth weeks. It concludes with anomalies that can occur during craniofacial development.
The document summarizes facial development from the 4th to 8th weeks of gestation. It describes how the frontonasal prominence forms the forehead and nose while the maxillary prominences form the upper lip and cheek and the mandibular prominences form the lower lip, chin and cheek. It also discusses nasal cavity development including formation of the nasal sac and choanae as well as development of the palate, paranasal sinuses, and bones of the skull.
The document summarizes the development of the palate and its anomalies. It begins by describing how the face develops from structures around the stomodeum, including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arches. It then explains palate development in detail, from the primitive palate formed by the frontonasal process to the definitive palate formed by fusion of the palatine shelves. It classifies palate anomalies and describes cleft lip and cleft palate. It concludes by outlining treatment for cleft palate including surgical management and use of palatal obturators.
Development of the Face, Oral Cavity & Pharyngeal archesOHupdates
The document summarizes the development of the face, oral cavity, and pharyngeal arches in humans. Key points include:
- The lower jaw (mandible) forms first at 4 weeks, with facial proportions developing between 9 weeks to birth.
- Five prominences (frontonasal, paired maxillary, paired mandibular) form around the stomodeum by 4 weeks and contribute to facial structure development.
- Nasal cavities develop from nasal pits and sacs between 4-7 weeks, with the nasal septum forming by fusion of medial nasal prominences by 12 weeks.
- The primary palate develops from the intermaxillary segment by 6 weeks, and
The document summarizes the development of the face from early embryonic development through formation of the individual structures. It discusses how the pharyngeal arches give rise to structures like the mandible, maxilla and tongue. It also describes how structures like the nose, lips, palate and skull develop. Finally, it reviews some common developmental anomalies that can occur when structures fail to form properly.
The palate develops from two parts - the primary and secondary palate. The primary palate develops early from the median palatine process during week 6 and forms the anterior hard palate. The secondary palate develops later from lateral palatine shelves that grow over the tongue between weeks 8-9 and fuse between weeks 9-12 to form the posterior hard and soft palates. Cleft palate is caused by failure of fusion between the primary palate and lateral shelves or between the shelves themselves, resulting in unilateral or bilateral clefts classified as involving the primary, secondary or both palates.
The document summarizes the development of the face from the 4th week of embryonic development. It discusses how the frontonasal prominence, maxillary prominences, and mandibular prominences form the basic structures of the face. It describes the development of specific structures like the nose, palate, ears, eyes, lips, and tongue from these prominences. It also discusses the theories of craniofacial growth and the role of the pharyngeal arches, pouches, grooves, and clefts in facial development.
Face develops in humans between 4th – 10th week of intrauterine life.
prenatal growth of the maxilla
DEVELOPMENT OF UPPER LIP
Development of lower lip
Development of nose
hare lip
OBLIQUE FACIAL CLEFT
macrostomia
lateral facial cleft
microstomia
Brain and heart bulges are separated by the stomatodeum early in development. The stomatodeum floor is formed by the buccopharyngeal membrane. Mesoderm over the developing forebrain proliferates and projects downward as the frontonasal process, overlapping the upper stomatodeum. The face develops from the frontonasal process and the mandibular arches of the first pharyngeal arch on each side.
This document provides an overview of the embryology and development of the face and associated structures. It discusses the formation of various facial features such as the lips, nose, eyes, ears from embryonic structures such as the frontonasal process and pharyngeal arches. It also covers anomalies that can occur during facial development as well as the development of other structures like the palate, teeth and salivary glands. The development of structures is explained through stages from the formation of the germ layers to maturation of the embryo.
DEVELOPMENT OF FACE AND CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS.ppttumuhekiherbert
The face develops from five swellings called facial primordia that form around the primitive mouth. These include the frontonasal process, paired maxillary processes, and paired mandibular processes. Each process contributes to specific structures of the face. For example, the frontonasal process forms parts of the nose and upper lip, while the maxillary processes form parts of the upper lip, cheek, and nose. Malformations can occur if the merging or fusion of these processes during development is incomplete, leading to cleft lip and cleft palate.
The face develops between 4-6 weeks of embryonic development from 5 processes - the frontonasal process, paired mandibular arches, and paired maxillary prominences. These processes surround the stomatodeum and fuse together to form structures of the face. Between 6-8 weeks, the palate begins to develop separating the nasal and oral cavities. Abnormal fusion of these processes can result in facial clefts or other anomalies.
Growth and Development of maxilla and nasomaxillary complexRaahat Vikram singh
The document discusses the prenatal growth and development of the maxilla and nasomaxillary complex. It begins with definitions of growth and development. It then describes how the maxilla develops from the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arch in the 4th week of development. The maxillary processes bud off and fuse with other structures to form parts of the nose, lip, and palate by the 7th week. Ossification of the maxilla begins in the 7th week via intramembranous ossification. Secondary centers appear in the 8th week for other bones. The palate develops from the primary palate formed by 7 weeks and secondary palate that completes the roof of the mouth.
16. FACE AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES-1.pptxStanleyOdira
This document describes the development of the facial skeleton and associated structures from weeks 3-8 of gestation. It discusses how the face develops from primordial tissues including the frontonasal process, maxillary processes, and mandibular processes. The nose develops from nasal placodes that form pits and sacs. Fusion of surrounding tissues forms the lips, palate, and separates the oral and nasal cavities. The temporomandibular joint also develops during this period through mesenchymal condensation and growth.
The face develops from structures around the stomatodaeum including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arch. The mandibular processes fuse to form the lower lip and jaw, while the maxillary processes fuse with the nasal processes to form the upper lip and cut off the nostrils from the mouth. The nose develops from the frontonasal process and nasal processes, while the eyes develop from lens placodes and the cheeks involve fusion of the maxillary and mandibular processes. The external ear develops from thickenings on the mandibular and hyoid arches.
This document discusses the development of the face, palate, and jaws from early embryogenesis through formation of structures. It begins with an overview of embryology concepts like fertilization and formation of the bilaminar disc. Key structures that form include the pharyngeal arches which give rise to facial structures, and outpocketings that form the palate. Facial prominences like the frontonasal and mandibular swellings fuse to form the basic facial morphology. Derivations of specific facial structures are described in detail. Palatogenesis involves growth of palatal shelves which fuse in the midline.
The maxilla is the second largest bone of the face that forms the upper jaw. It develops from the first branchial arch and maxillary processes by the fourth week of gestation. The maxilla has four surfaces - anterior, posterior, superior and medial - as well as four processes - frontal, zygomatic, alveolar and palatine. It contains the maxillary sinus and provides attachments for muscles like the buccinator. The maxilla is supplied by the maxillary nerve, facial artery and drains into the facial and pterygoid veins.
The document discusses the development of the face and palate in humans. It describes how the face develops from structures around the stomatodeum, including the frontonasal process and first pharyngeal arch. The lips, nose, cheeks, eyes, and ears develop through the growth and fusion of these structures between 4-8 weeks. The palate develops from the primary and secondary palate, which grow towards each other and fuse between 6-12 weeks. Possible developmental anomalies that can occur if this process is disrupted include cleft lip, cleft palate, and abnormalities in the size and position of facial features.
1) The development of the face and oral cavity involves the merging and fusion of five processes - the frontonasal, two maxillary, and two mandibular processes. Failure of merging or fusion can result in cleft lip and/or cleft palate.
2) Cleft lip occurs when the maxillary processes fail to fuse with the medial nasal or frontonasal processes. Cleft palate occurs when the lateral palatine shelves fail to fully fuse, resulting in an opening in the roof of the mouth.
3) Environmental factors like infections, radiation, and some drugs during pregnancy can increase risks of congenital anomalies like cleft lip and palate by disrupting normal facial
The document discusses the embryology, growth, development, anatomy and surgical anatomy of the maxilla bone. It begins with the embryological development of the maxilla from the first pharyngeal arch. It then describes the growth of the maxilla through mechanisms such as displacement, growth at sutures and surface remodeling. The anatomy section outlines the structures of the maxilla including its processes, surfaces and features such as the maxillary sinus and alveolar process.
The summary of the document is:
1. The nose and paranasal sinuses develop between 4-8 weeks of fetal life from the frontonasal process and maxillary processes.
2. By 5-6 weeks, nasal placodes form and invaginate to form nasal pits which later fuse to form the primitive nasal cavity.
3. Between 7-10 weeks, the paranasal sinuses begin to form from outpocketings of the nasal mucosa. The maxillary sinus is the first to form around 3 months of gestation.
4. The external nose is made up of bones, cartilages and overlying skin and muscle. The internal nasal cavity has
The face develops between the 4th and 6th week of embryonic development from structures including the frontonasal process, mandibular arches, and maxillary processes. Between the 6th and 12th week, the palate begins to form through the fusion of the palatal shelves, separating the nasal and oral cavities. Abnormalities can occur if the fusion of structures like the medial nasal processes, mandibular arches, or palatal shelves is incomplete, leading to cleft lip, cleft palate, or other anomalies. A thorough understanding of normal facial development aids in diagnosing and treating congenital defects.
Craniofacial growth is a complex and a beautiful phenomenon.
It all begins when a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, a process called fertilization.
Human fertilization is the union of a human egg and sperm, usually occurring in the ampulla of the fallopian tube. The result of this union is the production of a ’Zygote’ cell, or fertilized egg, initiating prenatal development
Prenatal growth can be divided into 3 main stages:
Germinal stage: From ovulation to implantation(0-2 weeks).
Embryonic stage : 3rd week to 8th week.
Fetal stage: 9th week till birth.
The Middle Third Of The Facial Skeleton Is Defined As An Area Bounded,
Superiorly –Line Drawn Across The skull from the Zygomatico frontal Suture across the Frontonasal & Frontomaxillary sutures to the Zygomaticofrontal suture on the opposite side
Inferiorly –by the occlusal plane of the upper teeth./upper alveolar ridge.
Posteriorly-The region is demarcated by the sphenoethmoidal junction but includes the free margin of the pterygoid laminae of the sphenoid bone inferiorly.
Inferiorly –by the occlusal plane of the upper teeth./upper alveolar ridge.
Posteriorly-The region is demarcated by the sphenoethmoidal junction but includes the free margin of the pterygoid laminae of the sphenoid bone inferiorly.
It is made up of the following bones:
1. Two maxillae
2. Tw o palatine bones
3. Two zygomatic bones and their temporal processes
4. Two zygomatic processes of the temporal bone
5. Two nasal bones
this presentation describes about each bone individually and its applied anatomy
Prenatal and postnatal growth & development of maxilla and palate presented b...Dr. Himanshu Gorawat
This document summarizes the prenatal and postnatal growth and development of the maxilla and palate. It discusses how the maxilla develops from the first pharyngeal arch and the palate develops from the palatal shelves and frontonasal process prenatally. Postnatally, it describes how the maxilla and palate grow through processes like displacement, growth at sutures, and surface remodeling, which increases their size and changes their shape to accommodate tooth eruption. The midpalatal suture fuses by age 20. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the structural development and growth patterns of the maxilla and palate over prenatal and postnatal periods.
1. EMBRYOLOGY
BY
Dr. THAAER MOHAMMED DAHER ALSAAD
SPECIALIST IN GENERAL SURGERY
M.B.Ch.B. (MBBS) F.I.B.M.S. )Ph.D.)
SENIOR LECTURER
IMS MSU
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. TOPICS
• HIGHLIGHTS.
• INTRODUCTION.
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE/ LIPS, NOSE,
CHEECHS, EYE, EXTERNAL EAR.
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE PALATE.
• ANOMALIES.
• TIMETABLE.
12. TIMETABLE OF SOME EVENTS DESCRIBED IN THIS CHAPTER
Age Developmental events
4th week The frontonasal, maxillary and mandibular
(28th day) processes can be identified.
Lens and nasal placodes are also present.
5th week (31 The nasal pits are established.
to 35 days)
6th week Tubercles of the development of pinna begins to be
formed.
On each side, palatal process appears from the maxillary
process.
7th week Eyelid established.
Maxillary processes fuse with medial nasal process.
8th week Eye shift from lateral to medial position.
Bucconasal membrane ruptures.
10th week The palatal processes and nasal septum fuse
with each other.
13. HIGHLIGHTS
• STOMATODIUM = future mouth.
• FRONTONASAL PROCESS + Rt. AND Lt. MANDIBULAR ARCHES.
• THE MANDIBULAR ARCH divides into a maxillary process and a
mandibular process.
• The Lt. and Rt. Mandibular processes meet in the midline
and fuse to form the lower and upper jaw.
• The upper lip is formed by fusion of the frontonasal process
with the Rt. And Lt. maxillary processes./ hare lip (failure to fuse).
• The cheeks are formed by fusion of the posterior parts of the
maxillary and mandibular processes.
14. HIGHLIGHTS (continue)
• The nose is derived from the frontonasal process.
• The nasal cavity is formed as follows;
• An ectodermal thickening (nasal placode) appears over the
frontonasal process.
• The placode gets depressed below the surface to form the
nasal pit.
• The nasal pits enlarged to form the nasal cavity.
• Paranasal sinuses appear as outgrowths from the nasal cavity.
• The palate is formed by fusion of the three components;
• Rt. And Lt. palatal processes (arising from the maxillary process) and
the primitive palate (derived from the frontonasal process).
• Deficiency in fusion leads to various form of cleft palate.
15.
16. INTRODUCTION
• Brain and heart bulging are separated by the stomatodaeum.
• The floor of the stomatodaeum is formed by the
buccopharyngeal membrane.
• Soon, mesoderm covering the developing forebrain proliferates,
and forms a downward projection (frontonasal process) that
overlaps the upper part of the stomatodaeum.
• Pharyngeal arches are in very close relationship to the
stomatodaeum.
• The face is derived from the following structures that lie around
the stomatodaeum:
1. The frontonasal process.
2. The 1st pharyngeal arch on each side.
17. INTRODUCTION
• The mandibular arch forms the lateral wall of the stomatodaeum.
• This arch gives off the maxillary process.
• Maxillary process grows ventro-medially cranial to the main part of
the arch (mandibular process).
• The ectoderm of the frontonasal process shows BILATERAL
LOCALIZED THICKENINGS (the nasal placodes) that are situated
above the stomatodaeum.
• The placodes form nasal pits.
• The pits are continuous with the stomatodaeum below.
• The edges of each pit are raised above the surface as medial and
lateral nasal process.
18. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
LOWER LIP
• The mandibular processes of the two sides grow
toward each other and fuse in the midline.
• They form the lower margin of the
stomatodaeum (mouth).
• The fused mandibular processes give rise to the
lower lip, and the lower jaw.
19. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
UPPER LIP
1. The maxillary process fuses with the lateral and then with medial nasal
process. The lateral and medial process fuse with each other, forming
the external nares (nasal pits) and are cut off from the stomatodaeum.
2. The two external nares come closer together (maxillary process grows
and the frontonasal process becomes much narrower).
3. The stomatodaeum is bounded above by the upper lip
which derived as follows;
1. Maxillary process forms the mesoderm of the lateral part of the
lip. The ectoderm of the maxillary process gives rise to the
overlying skin.
2. Mesoderm of the median part (philtrum) is derived from the
frontonasal process. But the ectoderm is derived from the
maxillary processes and meet in the midline. Therefore, the
skin of entire upper lip is innervated by maxillary nerve.
4. The muscles of the face are derived from the 2nd
branchial arch and are supplied by the facial nerve.
20. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
NOSE
• The nose receives contribution from the frontonasal process,
and from the medial and lateral nasal processes of the RT.
And Lt. sides.
• Nasal pits – nares --- cut off from the somatodaeum.
• External nares approach each other. (due to the frontonasal
process becomes narrower and its deep part forms the nasal septum).
• Mesoderm becomes heaped up in the median plane to
form the prominence of the nose.
• Simultaneously, a groove appears between the region of the nose
and the bulging forebrain.
• As the nose becomes prominent, the external nares come to open
downwards instead of forwards. (the external form of the nose is
established).
21. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
CHEEKS
• After the formation of the upper and lower lips, the stomatodaeum
is very broad.
• In its lateral part, it is bounded above by the maxillary process
and below by the mandibular process.
• These processes undergo progressive fusion with each other to form the
cheeks.
• The maxillary process fuses with the lateral nasal process in the region of
the lip and extends from the stomatodaeum to the medial angle of the
developing eye.
• This line of fusion is called NASO-OPTIC FURROW or NASOLACRIMAL
SULCUS.
• A STRIP OF ECTODERM becomes buried along this furrow and gives
rise to the nasolacrimal duct.
22. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
EYE
• The region of the eye is first seen as ectodermal thickening, the
lens placode.
• Lens placode appears on the ventro-lateral side of the
developing forebrain.
• Lens placode is lateral and cranial to the nasal placode.
• LENS PLACODE sinks below the surface and cut off from the surface ectoderm.
• The developing eye produces bulging in this situation. (bulgings
of eyes first directed laterally, and lie in the angles between the
maxillary processes and the lateral nasal processes). With the
narrowing of the frontonasal process they come to face forwards.
• The eyelids are derived from folds of ectoderm that are formed
above and below the eyes, and mesoderm enclosed within the
folds.
23. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
EXTERNAL EAR
• The external ear is formed around the dorsal part of the 1st
ectodermal cleft.
• A series of mesodermal thickenings appear on the
mandibular and hyoid arches where they adjoin this cleft.
• The pinna is formed by fusion of these thickenings.
• When first formed, the pinna lies caudal to the developing
jaw.
• It is pushed upwards and backwards to its definitive
position due to the great enlargement of the mandibular
process.
• If the mandibular process fails to enlarge, the ears remain
low down.
24. DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES OF THE FACE (skip)
1. Hare lip.
2. Oblique facial fissure.
3. Macrostomia X Microstpmia // lateral facial cleft.
4. Bifid nose // proboscis +/- cyclops.
5. Mandibulofacial dystosis, (1st arch syndrome or Teacher
Collins syndrome).
6. Hemiface Underdeveloped/ overdeveloped.
7. Retrognathia ??? // Agnathia.
8. Congenital tumours.
9. Hypertelorism.
10. Double lip. / congenital pits or fistula.
25. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
NASAL CAVITY
• The nasal cavities are formed by extension of the nasal pits.
• The medial and lateral nasal processes fuse and form a partition
between the nasal pits and the stomatodaeum.
• This partition is called the primitive palate. (frontonasal process
derivative).
• Nasal pits deepen to form nasal sacs.
• Nasal sac posteriorly is separated from the stomatodaeum by
buccopharyngeal membrane (nasal fin).
• Nasal fin breaks soon.
• Nasal sac has a ventral orifice on the face called the anterior or
external nares.
• and a dorsal orifice opens into the stomatodaeum called the
primitive posterior nasal aperture.
26. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
NASAL CAVITY (continue)
• The two nasal sacs are first widely separated from each
another by frontonasal process.
• Nasal cavities enlargement + narrowing of the frontonasal
process (=) bring cavities closer together.
• The intervening tissue forms the nasal septum.
• Ventral part of the nasal septum is attached below
to the primitive palate.
• Nasal septum posteriorly is at first attached to the
bucconasal membrane, but on disappearance of this
membrane it has free lower edge.
27. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
NASAL CAVITY (continue)
• The nasal cavity is separated from the mouth by the
development of the palate.
• The lateral wall of the nose is derived, on each side, from the
lateral nasal process.
• The nasal conchae appear as elevations on the lateral wall
of each nasal cavity.
• The original olfactory placodes form the olfactory
epithelium that lies in the roof, and adjoining parts
of the walls, of the nasal cavity.
28. Anomalies of the Nasal Cavity
1) Atresia / uni or bilateral /? Absence.
2) Congenital communication between the
cranial cavity and the nose.(cribriform plate
defects).
3) Deflected nasal septum. /// absent.
4) Communicates with the mouth.
29. In 1961, a twelve man Soviet crew was building a new base in the Antarctic.
Mindful that being trapped in sub-zero temperatures for months on end
required a medical professional to be on hand, one doctor had been
assigned to the team. So what happens when the only man capable of
performing surgery comes down with a severe case of appendicitis?
He does what any reasonably minded person would do.
Performs an appendectomy…on himself
30. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE
PARANASAL SINUSES
• Paranasal sinuses appear as diverticula from the nasal cavity.
• The diverticula invade the bones after which they are named.
• The maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses begin to develop before birth.
• The other sinuses develop after birth.
• Enlargement of the sinuses associated with the overall
enlargement of the facial skeleton including the jaws.
• This provides spaces in the jaws for growth and eruption
of teeth.
• Growth of facial skeleton is responsible for the gradual
change in looks of a baby.
31. DEVELOPMENT OF THE PALATE
• The maxillary process form the upper lip.
• Maxillary process extends backwards on either sides of
the stomatodaeum.
• The palatal process grows medially from the maxillary process.
• The palate forms from three components:
1. The two palatal processes, and
2. The primitive palate formed from the frontonasal process.
32.
33. DEVELOPMENT OF THE PALATE (continue)
• The definitive palate is formed by the fusion of three parts as follows:
1) Fusion of each palatal process with the posterior margin of the primitive palate.
2) Two palatal processes fuse in the midline. (fusion begins anteriorly and
proceeds posteriorly).
3) Fusion of the medial edges of the palatal processes with the free lower edge of
the nasal septum. (thus separating nasal cavities from each other and from the
mouth).
4) At later stage, the mesoderm in the palate undergoes
intramembranous ossification to form the hard palate.
The ossification does not extend to the posterior portion, which
remains as the soft palate.
The part of palate derived from the frontonasal process forms the
premaxilla, which carries the incisor teeth.
34. Cleft Palate
• Defective fusion of the various components of the
palate gives rise to clefts in the palate.
• Clefts vary considerably in degree.
• Clefts may be unilateral or bilateral.
• Clefts of the palate that extend to its anterior end
are associated with harelip, (as both the upper lip and
the palate are formed by fusion of the maxillary processes
with the frontonasal process).
• Clefts of the palate result in anomalous
communicating between the mouth and the nose.
35. TIMETABLE OF SOME EVENTS DESCRIBED IN THIS CHAPTER
Age Developmental events
4th week The frontonasal, maxillary and mandibular
(28th day) processes can be identified.
Lens and nasal placodes are also present.
5th week (31 The nasal pits are established.
to 35 days)
6th week Tubercles of the development of pinna begins to be
formed.
On each side, palatal process appears from the maxillary
process.
7th week Eyelid established.
Maxillary processes fuse with medial nasal process.
8th week Eye shift from lateral to medial position.
Bucconasal membrane ruptures.
10th week The palatal processes and nasal septum fuse
with each other.