Optimization problem consisting in
• Maximizing (or minimizing) a linear objective
function
• of n decision variables
• subject to a set of constraints expressed by
linear equations or inequalities.
1. UNIT 1
System Fundamental Concept
Lecture 1
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary
Ph.D. (Mechanical Design), M.E. (P & I), B.E. (Mechanical Engg)
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MBM Engineering College
ME 342 A
System Design and Analysis
2. This lecture includes:
System definition, example
Characteristics of system
Elements of system
Classification of systems
System approach
Case studies
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
3. System definition
• a set of things working together as parts of a
mechanism or an interconnecting network
• a set of principles or procedures according to
which something is done; an organized
scheme or method.
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
5. Some examples include transport systems; solar
systems; telephone systems; weapons systems;
ecological systems; space systems.
Engineered Systems
• are created, used and sustained to achieve a
purpose, goal or mission that is of interest to an
enterprise, team or an individual.
• require a commitment of resources for development
and support.
• are driven by stakeholders with multiple views on the
use or creation of the system.
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
6. Engineered Systems contain engineered hardware,
software, people, services, or a combination of
these.
• exist within an environment that impacts the
characteristics, use, sustainment and creation of the
system.
Engineered systems typically are defined by their
purpose, goal or mission.
• may include human operators (interacting with the
systems via processes) as well as other natural
components that must be considered in the design
and development of the system.
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
9. The open-loop system does not monitor or measure
the condition of its output signal as there is no
feedback
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
10. Closed-loop Systems use feedback where a portion of
the output signal is fed back to the input to reduce
errors and improve stability
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
12. Characteristics of System
1. Assemblage
2. Relationship
3. Goal Seeking
4. Adaptability to Environment
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
13. Elements of System
1. Output and Inputs
2. Processor
3. Control
4. Feedback
5. Environment
6. Boundaries and Interface
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
14. Classification of Systems
(a) Physical - Computer System
Abstract – Relationship among set of
variables or models
(b) Open, Closed or Isolated Systems
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
15. Classification of Systems
(a) Linear or Non-Linear Systems
(b)Dynamic or Static Systems
(c) Time invariant or Time varying Systems
(d)Lumped Parametric or Distributed Parametric
Systems
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
16. Systems Approach
• The systems approach is an old concept.
The approach stands on the assumption that
breaking down of a complex concept into
simple easy to understand units helps in
better understanding of the complexity.
Ludwig von Bertalanffy first proposed
thesystems approach under the name of
'General System Theory'.
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
19. Case Studies
1. Financial System
2. Management Information System
3. Manufacturing Support Systems
4. Bullet Train System to reduce travel time
5. Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project.
6. Smart Cities Mission
7. Bharatmala
8. Digital India
Dr. Kailash Chaudhary, MBM Jodhpur
