This document discusses self-concept, which includes identity, self-esteem, body image, and roles. It defines these components and describes factors that can affect self-concept like health, development, and life events. The document outlines how to assess self-concept using a questionnaire and lists relevant nursing diagnoses. Nursing interventions are described to promote patients' self-concept through role modeling, meeting needs, and encouraging participation. Outcomes of improved self-esteem, ability to meet goals, and interact appropriately are evaluated. Throughout, the importance of nurses reflecting on their own self-concept is emphasized.

1. Self -Concept
M.AdnanAkbar
Mental Health Nursing

2. At the end of this presentation learner will be
able to;
Define Self Concept.
Discuss relation between self concept,
self esteem, and body image.
Describe Roles Self-Actualization.
Discuss Factors Affecting Self-concept.
Describe Assessing Self-concept.
Discuss Self-Concept Questionnaire.
Discuss nursing diagnosis and nursing
interventions and nursing evaluation.

3. Self -Concept
Self-concept : self image
Each individual is unique with own
self-concept
View of self affects one’s ability to
function as well as health
components: self-knowledge
self-esteem
self-actualization

4. Identity
An internal sense of individuality
and wholeness. Who are you?
Name, gender, race, religion,
occupation, role, +++so much more
Begins during childhood as parents
provide role models
Continues during adolescence as
teens establish own identity

5. Self-Esteem
The emotional appraisal of self-
concept.
How do you regard yourself??????
Feel about self?
Sense of worth or value??
This appraisal is an on-going process
so…levels of self-esteem can
change.

6. Body Image
What do you think you look like physically?
?????
What do you think about your
appearance??????
Body image is dynamic: the body changes
thru normal growth and development.
Cultural and societal attitudes affect body
image

7. Roles
What is your role?????????
What are the expected behaviors you
perform????
Simultaneously hold many roles and
they change
Who do you want to be????
What do you want your role to be???

8. Roles
Self-Actualization
A part of self-concept is the way a person
perceives their ability to carry out
significant roles
Health self-concept can distinguish
between:
Ideal role expectations
AND
Realistic possibilities

9. Factors Affecting Self-concept
Health status: illness, injury, body chg, loss of
control, dependency on others
Role stressors; overload, strained,
feelings of inadequacy
Developmental transitions – aging in our culture
Personal “success” or failure history
Crisis and/or life events: personal and/or global
Internal and external resources
Individual perception of crisis

10. Self-concept: psychosocial
dimension
How one develops and grows can
have an affect on self-concept & health
Therefore nurses need to understand
normal stages of growth (physical
changes) & development
(psychosocial changes).

11. Assessing Self-concept
Developmental and chronological age
Assessing includes questions on
identity… body image…self
esteem…roles…
Patient’s strengths/weaknesses

12. Self-Concept Questionnaire
Describe yourself.
What are your personal characteristics?
What are your strengths?
What are your fears or weaknesses?
Describe your body.
What do you like most about your body?
What do you like least about your body?
Tell me about some things you do or have done in
the past that give you a sense of achievement or
accomplishment.
Describe the primary roles you fill.
How do you feel about your ability to perform
these roles?
Are these roles satisfying to you?

13. Nursing Diagnoses
Disturbed body image
Low self-esteem; chronic or situational
Other Dx in which low self-concept is the
etiology:
 Ineffective health maintenance r/t …
Self care deficit r/t …
Risk for self-directed violence r/t…

14. Nursing Interventions
Nurse is a role model
Can a nurse NEGATIVELY affect a client’s self-
concept?
Form helping relationship:
Focus on client strengths; praise achievements
Meet physiological and psychological needs
Reduce pain
Decrease anxiety
Promote positive self-esteem
Encourage participation in care
Encourage socialization

15. Nursing Interventions
Encourage client to recognize and discuss
thoughts and feelings
Assist client to:
Realize everyone is unique
Realize impact of illness on self-concept
Be aware of negative self-statements and modify
them
Gain more control
Identify positive attributes of self
Identify and use personal strengths

16. Nursing Evaluation
Outcome criteria addressed????
Behavior and attitude changes will
indicate altered self-esteem
Long term outcome –can take many
months or years

17. Evaluation
Client should be able to meet the following
outcomes:
Be comfortable with body image
Be able to describe self positively
Be able to meet realistic goals
Be capable of interacting appropriately
with environment and others

18. “Know Thyself” Socrates
Nurses need to reflect on their OWN self-
concept in order to effectively assist OTHERs.
Ask yourself these questions:
How do I perceive myself?
How do I think others see me?
What are my strengths and weaknesses?
What are my goals for self-improvement?
What does ALL THIS have to do with my
professional practice?

19. Summary
Self-concept based on 3 components
Need to understand how various
factors affect self-concept
Interventions to promote self-concept
Evaluate outcome criteria

20. “No one can make you feel
inferior without your
consent”
- Eleanor Roosevelt

21. References
www2.sunysuffolk.edu/.../Lect13%20Self%20Co
ncept,%20Stress%20and%20Coping.ppt –
www.uen.org/.../downloadFile.cgi?file...Self-
Concept.ppt...Self-Concept.ppt –
www.authorstream.com/.../imprintcenter-
734455-self-esteem-ppt/
faculty.ksu.edu.sa/.../CourseNUR123%20ppt/Ch
apter43[1]%20self%20concept.ppt