Lect08 handout
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This document summarizes key points from a physics lecture on magnetism: 1) Magnetic fields B are created by moving electric charges like electrons orbiting an atom's nucleus or electron spin. Magnetic fields exert forces on moving charges. 2) The direction of the magnetic force on a moving charge is perpendicular to both the magnetic field B and the charge's velocity v, as described by the right-hand rule. The magnitude depends on the charge q, velocity v, and magnetic field strength B. 3) In a uniform magnetic field, the motion of a charged particle is circular, with the magnetic force always perpendicular to the velocity. The speed remains constant and the particle travels in a circular path.
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This document discusses the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields. It begins by introducing the topic and importance of understanding single particle motion. It then examines the motion of a particle in (1) a constant, uniform electric field, finding the maximum velocity it can attain, and (2) a constant, uniform magnetic field, deriving that it will travel in a circular orbit with Larmor radius. The document further derives the equations of motion and orbit for a particle in a magnetic field. It concludes by discussing drift motions such as the E×B drift caused by combined electric and magnetic fields.
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Electromagnetism is the production of a magnetic field by an electric current. Oersted discovered the magnetic effect of current in 1820 through an experiment showing a magnetic needle deflecting when a current was passed through a nearby wire. The magnetic field strength increases with increasing current and vice versa. According to Biot-Savart law, the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying conductor depends on the current, distance from the conductor, and angle between the conductor and field point.
CAPITULO 26
This document contains conceptual physics problems and their solutions related to magnetic fields. Some key points:
- Problem 1 discusses how electrons moving perpendicular to a magnetic field will follow a circular path due to the magnetic force.
- Problem 12 determines that an electron will be deflected upward when passing through a magnetic field, due to the direction of the magnetic force on electrons being opposite that of positive charges.
- Problem 22 calculates the magnetic force acting on a segment of wire using the cross product relationship between the magnetic field, the wire orientation, and the current in the wire.
Lecture 14.pptx
The document summarizes key topics from a lecture on magnetism:
- Magnetic field sources and the magnetic force equation.
- Direction of magnetic force using the right-hand rule.
- Discovery of the electron through experiments with crossed electric and magnetic fields.
- Explanation of the Hall effect in conductors carrying a current in a magnetic field.
- Definition of magnetic dipole moment.
- Examples of numerical problems calculating magnetic forces and fields.
Lect09 handout
1) The document summarizes key concepts from a physics lecture on magnetic forces and currents, including the right-hand rule.
2) Magnetic forces can act on both moving charges and on currents. A current-carrying loop placed in a magnetic field experiences both forces and torque.
3) The direction of the magnetic field generated by a long straight wire or solenoid is given by the right-hand rule.
Problems and solutions on magnetism 17 august 2015
The document contains 18 physics problems involving magnetic fields and forces on charged particles and current-carrying wires. The solutions provide the direction and magnitude of magnetic forces and fields using the right-hand rule. For example, problem 1 asks about the direction of force on a proton and electron moving through given magnetic fields. The solution uses the right-hand rule to determine the force directions are opposite for positive and negative charges. Problem 2 asks about magnetic field directions based on given force directions.
Magnetic force
The magnetic field B is defined by the Lorentz force law, which states that the magnetic force Fmag on a particle with charge q and velocity v is equal to q crossed with the product of v and B. This causes the particle to move in a circular path, with the magnetic force providing the necessary centripetal force. Magnetic field lines are used to represent magnetic fields graphically, with the direction of the force on a charged particle given by the right-hand rule where it is perpendicular to both the velocity and magnetic field vectors.
Lorentz Force Magnetic Force on a moving charge in uniform Electric and Mag...
1) The document discusses the magnetic force on a moving charge and current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. It defines magnetic force and derives the formulae for force on a charge and conductor.
2) Magnetic force on a moving charge is directly proportional to the charge, velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, and magnetic field strength. The formula derived is F = qvBsinθ.
3) Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor is directly proportional to the current, length of conductor perpendicular to the magnetic field, and magnetic field strength. The formula is F = ILBsinθ.
Ch 21 Magnetic Fields and Forces
1. Magnetic fields exert forces on moving charged particles. The magnitude and direction of this force depends on the charge, velocity, and magnetic field.
2. Charged particles moving through a uniform magnetic field will travel in a circular path perpendicular to the magnetic field. The radius of the circular path depends on the particle's properties and magnetic field strength.
3. Current-carrying wires placed in a magnetic field experience forces. These forces can cause straight wires to experience translational forces and loops of wire to rotate.
1600207755.ppt
This document summarizes the motion of charged particles in a uniform magnetic field. It describes how electrons will travel in a circular path, with constant speed and centripetal acceleration, due to the perpendicular force from the magnetic field. It provides the equations for calculating the radius, frequency, and period of the circular motion. It also discusses how a proton would travel in a circular path and how a particle could travel in a helical path if it has velocity components both parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field.
Chapter21powerpoint 090305021607-phpapp01
1. The document discusses magnetic fields and forces, including how magnets produce magnetic fields, the force a magnetic field exerts on a moving charge, and the motion of charged particles in magnetic fields.
2. It also covers the force on a current in a magnetic field, how currents produce magnetic fields including for wires and solenoids, and Ampere's law relating magnetic fields to their sources.
3. Examples are provided to calculate magnetic forces and fields for various situations like charged particles in accelerators and currents in voice coils and wires.
Lecture 25 induction. faradays law. lenz law
1) Faraday's law states that an electromotive force (emf) is induced in a closed loop of wire when the magnetic flux through the loop changes with time.
2) Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced current: the current will flow in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
3) Examples of induction include moving a loop in and out of a magnetic field, decreasing the strength of a magnetic field with time, and rotating a loop between magnets to generate an alternating current.
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Lecture 20 magnetic field, field lines, moving chages.
Lecture 20 magnetic field, field lines, moving chages.
Problems and solutions on magnetism 17 august 2015
Problems and solutions on magnetism 17 august 2015
Lorentz Force Magnetic Force on a moving charge in uniform Electric and Mag...
Lorentz Force Magnetic Force on a moving charge in uniform Electric and Mag...
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Lect28 handout
This document summarizes key concepts from a physics lecture on special relativity. It discusses how measurements of time, length, and simultaneity depend on the observer's inertial reference frame. The three main points are: 1) time dilation causes moving clocks to run slow relative to proper time in the rest frame; 2) length contraction makes moving objects appear shorter than their proper length; 3) whether two events occur simultaneously is frame-dependent. Examples are provided to illustrate time dilation, length contraction, and their consequences.
Lect27 handout
1) Nuclear reactions conserve nucleon number, charge, and energy/momentum. Alpha particles are nuclei, beta particles are electrons, and gamma particles are high-energy photons.
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Lect24 handout
1) The Bohr model of the atom provides accurate predictions of electron energy levels but is not physically realistic, as electrons do not actually orbit the nucleus in defined orbits.
2) Rutherford's nuclear model, based on his gold foil experiment, established that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense positively charged nucleus at the center.
3) Bohr's model incorporated Rutherford's nuclear atom and quantized electron orbits and energies, allowing it to predict spectral lines emitted by atoms. However, quantum mechanics is needed for a full description of electrons in atoms.
Lect22 handout
The document summarizes some key aspects of quantum mechanics that were at odds with classical physics, including three early indications:
1) Blackbody radiation - Max Planck found electromagnetic energy is radiated in discrete chunks called photons to explain blackbody radiation spectra.
2) Photoelectric effect - Einstein explained light comes in photons and each metal requires a minimum photon energy to eject electrons.
3) Wave-particle duality - Experiments showed electrons and other particles can behave as waves through interference and as particles through localized interactions, seemingly contradicting each other.
Lect21 handout
The document discusses various optical phenomena related to diffraction and interference of light, including:
1) Light passing through multiple slits will produce constructive interference when the path length difference is an integer multiple of the wavelength, and destructive interference when it is an odd multiple of half the wavelength.
2) Single slit diffraction causes a diffraction pattern on a screen with alternating bright and dark bands due to interference effects between light rays emerging from different parts of the slit.
3) The resolving power of an aperture, or the minimum angular separation needed to distinguish two objects, is determined by the wavelength of light and the diameter of the aperture, with smaller wavelengths and larger apertures allowing better resolution.
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Lect08 handout
- 1. Magnetism Physics 102: Lecture 08 This material is NOT on exam 1!
- 4. The Earth is a Magnet
- 9. Preflight 8.3 What is the direction of the force on the particle just as it enters region 1? 1) up 2) down 3) left 4) right 5) into page 6) out of page 1 2 v = 75 m/s q = +25 mC Each chamber has a unique magnetic field. A positively charged particle enters chamber 1 with velocity 75 m/s up, and follows the dashed trajectory.
- 12. Magnitude of Magnetic Force on Moving Charges Only component of v ⊥ to B (or B ⊥ to v) matters If v is parallel to B then F = 0 Does not matter whether you use or 180 – B V Force depends on magnitude of charge, velocity, and magnetic field B ⊥ V ⊥
Editor's Notes
- 1
- Do this demo with crt and bar magnet. I usually say CRT has positive charge, because – sign in direction is tough. Might find better drawing of hand here.
- Work out in real time