The document summarizes learning approaches and models. It discusses student-centered and teacher-centered approaches. Student-centered approaches have the teacher as a facilitator and are achievement-oriented. Teacher-centered approaches are centered around the teacher making decisions and mastery of subject matter. The document also outlines deductive, inductive, expository, heuristic, and contextual teaching approaches. Finally, it discusses learning models including social interaction, information processing, personal, behavioral, contextual, quantum, active, PAIKEM, and lesson study models.

1. Group 9
Gadis Aulia Sukmanagara (1003536)
Latifah Nurhadjah (1003518)
Lian Yulianti (1003537)
Sherly Marcelina (1003516)
Siti Nurdianti Solihat (1003500)

2. LEARNING APPROACH and
LEARNING MODELS

3.  The means of approach , “as process, act,
or how to approach something.”
(Depdikbud, 1990: 180).
 The means of learning by Sukintaka
(2004: 55) that, “"implies learning, how
teachers teach something to students, but in
beside it also happened events how students
learn".

4. So that, learning approach is a way
of working that have a system to
make easy the implementation of
learning process and make students
learn to useful in achieving the
goals set.

5. There are two types of learning into:
1. Student centered approach.
2. Teacher centered approach.

6. Student CenteredApproach
Student Centered Approach
Student Centered Approach (SCA) is approach
based on the view that teaching is considered as
the process set the environment with the
expectation that students learn.

7. Characteristics SCA
1. Teacher as facilitator
2. Student as learn subject
3. The learning process takes place where it
4. Achievement-oriented learning

8. Teacher Centered Approach
Teacher Centered Approach (TCA) is a learning
approach based on the view that teaching is
to instill the knowledge and skills.

9. Characteristics TCA
1. Teacher-centered approach, teachers make all
the decisions.
2. Students are placed as the object of study.
3. Learning activities occur in a particular
place and time.
4. The main objective of teaching is mastery of
subject matter.

10. Learning approaches used by teachers are:
1. The concept of approach and Process Approach
a. The concept approach
b. process Approach
2. Inductive Approach and Deductive Approach
a. Deductive approach
b. Inductive approach

11. 3. Expository approach and heuristic approach
a. expository approach
b. heuristic approach
4. contextual approach

12. The Concept Approach
The concept approach that directly presents
the concept without giving an opportunity for
students to appreciate how the concept was
obtained.

13. Process Approach
Process approach is an approach to teaching
gives students the chance to go live the process
of the invention or the preparation of a
concept as a process of skills.

14. Deductive Approach
Deductive approach is
characterized by the exposure of
concepts, definitions and terms in
the early part of learning.

15. Inductive Approach
The main feature of the inductive approach in
information processing is to use data to
construct the concept or to gain
understanding.

16. Expository approach
This approach departed from the view that the
behavior of the class and dissemination of
knowledge controlled by the teacher or
teachers. Teaching the essence of this view is
to deliver knowledge to students.

17. Heuristic approach
Heuristic approach is a teaching
approach that presents a number
of data and students are asked to
make inferences using such data.

18. Contextual approach
Contextual Teaching and Learning is a
concept which helps teachers learn to links
between material taught to the students real-
world situations

19. Learning Model

20. Learning model is defined as a
systematic procedure in
organizing learning
experiences to achieve learning
objectives. Can also mean an
approach that is used in
learning activities.

21. Types of Learning Model

22. A. Learning Model Based on Theory
1. Social Interaction Model
2. Information Processing Model
3. Personal Model
4. Behavior Modification Model (Behavioral)
5. Contextual Learning Model

23. B. Quantum Learning Model
Quantum model of teaching is the learning
model used in the presentation of the study design
that are strung together into a package that is
multisensory, multi intelligence, and is compatible
with the brain, including specific instructions to
create an effective learning environment,
curriculum design, deliver content and facilitate
the learning process

24. C. Active Learning Model
Active learning is a term that
underlies some of the learning model
that focuses on the responsibility of
the student learning process.

25. D. PAIKEM Learning Model
According Tarmizi (2009)
learning is an acronym for
Active, Innovative, Creative,
Effective and Fun.

26. E. Learning Model Lesson Study
Director General for Quality Improvement of
Teachers and Education Personnel (PMPTK)
suggested that Lesson Study is a professional
educator development through collective
assessment and continuous learning.

27. ANY QUESTIONS ?