Leakage Compensation of trascutaneous transformer
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This document presents a proposed transcutaneous energy transfer scheme using a transcutaneous transformer for high gain at variable loads and coupling coefficients. It analyzes the scheme and determines the control region for operating frequency. The document outlines the system design procedure for reduced inductance and current. Some advantages are increased gain for variable loads/coupling, high efficiency power transmission, and no biological effects. Challenges include high cost and limits on usable coil geometry from thermal impacts. The conclusion discusses applications for cardiovascular devices and establishing the design procedure.
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2) The cable or winding is disconnected and the test voltage is applied and increased in steps while tan delta measurements are taken. A straight trend line indicates healthy insulation while a rising line indicates contamination.
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through 10A, 10sec resistor, to safeguard the generator core from damage during an earth fault.
Therefore, some utility prefers to select low resistance grounding to limit the fault current above
Ico; however this can cause severe damage to generator core. Generally, oil & gas installation is a
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during operation. Different methods of earthing scheme are available to mitigate the same. One of
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scenario, generator circuit breaker is opened. So, an earth fault in generator or evacuation system,
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1) The document discusses power quality issues related to distributed generation, including the impact on voltage levels, voltage dips, frequency stability, and harmonics.
2) Possible solutions to power quality problems include smart transformers, curtailment of active power, using reactive power, demand response and energy storage technologies.
3) Standards for generators, voltage dips, harmonic contribution, and propagation of harmonics in networks are examined. The problems of supraharmonics are also addressed.
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To meet the growing demand of higher efficiency power converters, designers are utilizing fast switching wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors which operate at higher voltages, temperatures, and frequencies. However, just implementing WBG semiconductors are not enough to realize the maximum potential of new converter topologies. Designers must also select the proper passive components such as capacitors to support DC-LINK, snubber, and resonator applications. This webinar will review the wide bandgap semiconductor trend and how it impacts selection of capacitors for high efficiency designs.
A LOW POWER, LOW PHASE NOISE CMOS LC OSCILLATOR
The document describes a low power, low phase noise CMOS LC oscillator designed and simulated using a 180nm CMOS technology. Key results include:
1) The oscillator achieves a phase noise of -96 dBc/Hz at 1MHz with a tuning range of 4.8-8.3 GHz by varying the control voltage from 0-2V.
2) It consumes 3.8mW of power at an output power of -8.92dBm.
3) Simulation results show the tuning range, output waveform, and phase noise performance meet design goals for a low power VCO for wireless applications like 5G.
A LOW POWER, LOW PHASE NOISE CMOS LC OSCILLATOR
In this paper a Double Cross Coupled Inductor capacitor based Voltage Control Oscillator (LC-VCO) is designed. In the proposed circuit the phase noise, tuning range with respect to control voltage, output power and the power dissipation of the circuit is analysed. Phase noise of approximate -96 dBc/Hz at frequency of 1MHz, frequency tuning range of 4.8 to 8.3 GHz (corresponding to 53.0% tuning range) obtained by varying the control voltage from 0 to 2.0 V, Output power of circuit -8.92 dBm at 50 Ohm resistance terminal and the power consumption of Circuit is 3.8 mW. This VCO are designed for 5.5 GHz. The circuit is designed on the UMC 180nm CMOS technology and all the simulation results are obtained using cadence SPECTRE Simulator.
Buck converter design
The document discusses the design of buck converters. It provides equations and steps for selecting key components, including:
1) Calculating the inductor value based on input/output voltages, current, and switching frequency. The peak inductor current is also calculated to select a suitable inductor.
2) Determining the required output capacitor value to limit output voltage overshoot and ripple based on inductor properties and load current. Equations are given for calculating overshoot and ripple.
3) Guidelines for selecting an output capacitor including having sufficient capacitance and low equivalent series resistance to meet voltage specifications.
A Low Phase Noise CMOS Quadrature Voltage Control Oscillator Using Clock Gate...
This project presents the low phase noise cmos quadrature voltage control oscillator using clock gating technique. Here the colpitts vco is used to split the capacitance in the Qvco circuit producing quadrature output. The startup condition in the oscillator is improved by using 𝐺𝑚enhancement [12].This QVCO performs the operation anti phase injection locking fordevice reuse [8]. The new clock gating technique is used to reduce the power with thepower supply 1.5v. The QVCO uses a 0.5m𝐴with phase error of 0.4𝑜and exhibits a phase noise of -118dBc/HZ at 1MHZ offset at the centre frequency of 500MHZ.
A Low Phase Noise CMOS Quadrature Voltage Control Oscillator Using Clock Gate...
This project presents the low phase noise cmos quadrature voltage control oscillator using clock gating technique. Here the colpitts vco is used to split the capacitance in the Qvco circuit producing quadrature output. The startup condition in the oscillator is improved by using 퐺푚enhancement [12].This QVCO performs the operation anti phase injection locking fordevice reuse [8]. The new clock gating technique is used to reduce the power with thepower supply 1.5v. The QVCO uses a 0.5m퐴with phase error of 0.4표and exhibits a phase noise of -118dBc/HZ at 1MHZ offset at the centre frequency of 500MHZ.
Index terms: current switching, clock gating, phase noise, Qvco
H2PToday1201_design_IR
- A new voltage-mode control scheme for buck converters improves performance at high frequencies by starting the ramp signal earlier, producing minimal jitter even at narrow duty cycles.
- Test results show the new scheme achieves jitter as low as 1.3ns at 1.5MHz switching frequency, compared to over 30ns for traditional control.
- The new scheme also enables monotonic start-up and allows higher bandwidth operation using fewer output capacitors.
20614-38948-1-PB.pdf
In this research, we present a low phase noise (PN) and wide tuning range 175 GHz inductors and capacitors (LC) voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on a differential Colpitts oscillator that was designed using a 0.13 μm bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) and simulated. The square of the tank Q-factor and the square of the oscillation amplitude were both maximized to reduce PN. With an extensive examination of parasitic, mathematical analysis of load impedances, and implementation of differential design, the PN was reduced, and the output power was enhanced. Using a supply voltage of 1.6 V, the VCO consumes 41.9 mA, resulting in a total power usage of 67 mW to prevent undesirable PN deterioration, an inter-stage LC filter at the VCO-buffer interface increases the swing at the buffer input. To make a better output, a buffer is used to isolate the load from the VCO core. In addition, the VCO has a high linearity and the overall, the VCO presented in this study demonstrates excellent performance and has the potential to be used in a wide range of applications that require a high-performance, low-power VCO.
Jv2416961699
This document compares the performance of a current starved VCO and differential VCO designed and simulated in 0.18um CMOS process. The current starved VCO achieved a maximum frequency of 1.153GHz with an area of 688um^2 and power consumption of 359.08uW. The differential VCO achieved a higher maximum frequency of 2GHz but with a larger area of 1648um^2 and higher power consumption of 0.91mW. Overall, the current starved VCO demonstrated better performance in terms of lower area and power consumption compared to the differential VCO for PLL applications.
SUBMISSION_FINAL1 (2)
The document describes the design and testing of a cryogenic and radiation tolerant linear displacement encoder. Key points:
1) A variable inductor design was used where the insertion of an iron rod into a coil changes the inductance in a linear fashion, allowing displacement to be measured. Five inductor designs were tested.
2) Circuit behavior was analyzed, including how inductance, resistance, and capacitance affect oscillation slope and period. Formulas were developed to optimize resolution within operating constraints.
3) Testing showed resolution of better than 0.1 μm could be achieved. Exposure to cryogenic temperatures increased resolution by reducing resistance.
4) Effects of temperature on resistance and period were characterized. While some
Hardware Analysis of Resonant Frequency Converter Using Isolated Circuits And...
-LLC resonant frequency converter is basically a combo of series as well as parallel resonant ckt. For
LCC resonant converter it is associated with a disadvantage that, though it has two resonant frequencies, the
lower resonant frequency is in ZCS region[5]. For this application, we are not able to design the converter
working at this resonant frequency. LLC resonant converter existed for a very long time but because of
unknown characteristic of this converter it was used as a series resonant converter with basically a passive
(resistive) load. . Here, it was designed to operate in switching frequency higher than resonant frequency of the
series resonant tank of Lr and Cr converter acts very similar to Series Resonant Converter. The benefit of LLC
resonant converter is narrow switching frequency range with light load[6] . Basically, the control ckt plays a
very imp. role and hence 555 Timer used here provides a perfect square wave as the control ckt provides no
slew rate which makes the square wave really strong and impenetrable. The dead band circuit provides the
exclusive dead band in micro seconds so as to avoid the simultaneous firing of two pairs of IGBT’s where one
pair switches off and the other on for a slightest period of time. Hence, the isolator ckt here is associated with
each and every ckt used because it acts as a driver and an isolation to each of the IGBT is provided with one
exclusive transformer supply[3]. The IGBT’s are fired using the appropriate signal using the previous boards
and hence at last a high frequency rectifier ckt with a filtering capacitor is used to get an exact dc
waveform .The basic goal of this particular analysis is to observe the wave forms and characteristics of
converters with differently positioned passive elements in the form of tank circuits.
Full IEDM paper version - as last submitted
This paper proposes an air-core slab inductor structure to achieve ultra-high Q for on-chip power conversion circuits with over 90% efficiency. The structure uses a wide, thick metal slab with specially designed current return paths on either side to minimize DC resistance. Experiments demonstrate Q values as high as 25-35 at 200-300MHz, achieving 96.6% estimated inductor efficiency. Simulations of buck converters using the proposed inductor design show over 90% conversion efficiency for 2:1 voltage ratios. The structure can be implemented in a standard CMOS backend process without thin-film magnetics.
December 2015 Online Magazine 39-42
The document describes a proposed low-voltage low-dropout (LDO) regulator using 90-nm CMOS technology. It converts an input of 1V to an output of 0.85-0.5V. Key features include a simple operational transconductance amplifier as the error amplifier with current splitting to boost gain and bandwidth. A power noise cancellation mechanism minimizes the power transistor size. A fast transient accelerator provides extra current during load transients. The proposed LDO achieves high efficiency, small output variation, and high power supply rejection while occupying a small area of only 0.0041 mm2.
project
The document summarizes work done to characterize VHF transistors, specifically the 2N2222 transistor. It includes objectives such as developing a single analytic relation to model variable latching phenomena of current sources under different drive conditions and maximizing safe operating area at high frequencies. The work involved testing different transistor configurations (CE, CB, current mirror, Widlar), recording observations of current and impedance at varying voltages, and deriving conclusions like the relationship between output impedance and breakover voltage. Future work includes validating observations with analytical relationships and embedding models in simulation software.
UHF Transistors
The document summarizes work done to characterize VHF transistors, specifically the 2N2222 transistor. It includes objectives such as developing a single analytic relation to model variable latching phenomena of current sources under different drive conditions. Experiments were conducted using various current source configurations, including CE, CB, current mirror, and Widlar configurations. Results were obtained for breakover voltages and output impedances of each configuration. Work is ongoing to validate observed values using analytical relations of parameters.
Module 1 introduction to Power Electronics
This document provides an overview of the Power Electronics 17EC73 subject. It discusses the key topics that will be covered, including the basic theory of power semiconductor devices, practical applications of devices in power electronic systems, AC-DC and DC-DC conversion circuits. It also outlines the objectives and outcomes of Module 1, which will cover the construction, characteristics and applications of power devices and power electronic converters. The document then provides details on the history and applications of power electronics, as well as the characteristics, types and design of key power semiconductor devices and power electronic circuits.
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A Low Phase Noise CMOS Quadrature Voltage Control Oscillator Using Clock Gate...
A Low Phase Noise CMOS Quadrature Voltage Control Oscillator Using Clock Gate...
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Hardware Analysis of Resonant Frequency Converter Using Isolated Circuits And...
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Leakage Compensation of trascutaneous transformer
- 1. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CHANDRAPUR Presentation by Mr . Mohan Mehar Guided By Prof. D.V. Rojatkar Sir
- 2. Leakage Compensation Of TRANSCUTANEOUS TRANSFORMER
- 3. CONTENT Introduction Proposed transcuteneous energy transfer scheme Analysis of the Proposed Scheme Determination of the Control Region Design of the system Control of the System Advantages Challanges Conclusion Referances.
- 4. INTRODUCTION
- 6. Proposed Scheme for high Gv at variable load and K Turns Ratio should be uniy
- 7. Analysis of the Proposed Scheme
- 8. • Gv and compensated frequency (w0) • Gv and coupling coefficient (k)
- 9. • Determination of Control Region For k=0.1 For k=0.4 For convertor Wr=1 For V0 Gain is function of Wr
- 10. Design of the System V0=24V I0min=0.5A Iomax=2.0A Parameter Magnitude Specify Ferroxcube Pot Core 6656 3C8 Ferrite Size, Geometry, Core OD 2.6 in, thickness 1.1 in Air gap: 10–20 mm Misalignment: 0–10 mm. Quality Factor Q 2 to 8 Should be low to be least sensitive to GV Comp.R.W0 120KHz for small size and high efficiency 63.5µH each for T.R.=1 and Ll1 and Ll2 k=0.265 C1 and C2 27 nF each for T.R.=1 and k=0.265
- 12. Advantages Increased Gv for variable load and K Reduced Ll and Im. High efficiency (90-98%) high power transmission (12-48W) No Biological effect and infection Minimum Configuration in thorax Reliable ZVSand ZCS Applicable for wireless transmission
- 13. Challanges High Cost Thermal imapct limits usable coil geometry No. of Heartbeat
- 14. Conclusion According to NCHS, 7,00,000 cardiovascular victims per yr. 33,600 TAH implant/yr 900 LVAS/yr 270/1000 lives can be saved. Control Region for operating frequency determined. Design procedure for reduced Ll and Im established. No Biological effect and infection Applicable for wireless transmission
- 15. Referances [1] A. Ghahary and B. H. Cho, “Design of a transcutaneous energy transmission system using a series resonant converter,” in IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf. Rec., 1990, pp. 1–8. [2] J. C. Schuder and H. E. Stephenson, “Energy transport to a coil which circumscribes a ferrite core and is implanted within the body,” IEEE Trans. Bio-Med. Eng., vol. BME-12, nos. 3 and 4, pp. 154–163, 1965. [3] J. C. Schuder, J. H. Gold, and H. E. Stephenson, “Ultra high power electromagnetic energy transport into the body,” IEEE Amer. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs, vol. 17, pp. 406–410, 1971