This document discusses organizational communication, leadership theories, teamwork, and group dynamics as they relate to nursing. It outlines different types of organizational communication according to structure, direction, and expression. Barriers to communication mentioned include inappropriate language, channels, and emotional expression. Regarding leadership, it describes trait, behavioral, contingency, and power theories. It notes that transformational leadership is commonly applied in nursing. Teamwork is said to allow goals to be achieved more easily by serving as a bonding agent and motivating reliance between members. Group dynamics are explained as proceeding through forming, storming, norming, and performing stages in how people interact within a group.

2. COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY
DEPARTMENT OF SURGICAL NURSING
leadership and management
By Honelet Debebe
DESSIE ETHIOPIA
APRIL 2023

3. Out Line
• Tyeps of organizational communication
• Barriers to organizational communication
• Leadership Theories
• Application to Nursing
• Team Work
• Group Dynamics

4. Types of organizational communication
According to organizational structure
1. Formal communication: the communication
flows through the formal structure of the
organization stepwise, smoothly, accurately and
timely.
• Routine, uninterrupted and standardized
information pass without managerial attention
• This enables managers to invest their precious
time on matters utmost significance. It includes
departmental meeting
Conference
Telephone calls

5. 2. informal communication(grapevine)
• It is free of all sort of formalities
• It used informal relationship like friendship and
membership in the club
• Used when managers face difficulty in gaining
information from workers formally.
• gives insight in to what the subordinate think or
feel
• Information's may be come misinterpreted, half-
truth and inaccurate, but
• Still managers can not do away informal
communication

6. According to direction
1. downward communication: information like
orders and job descriptions flow from
superior to subordinates
2. upward communication: workers at the
lower level expected to give information like
reports for those above them
3. horizontal communication: communication
among persons found at the same level,
which is needed for coordination and
integration primarily.

7. • According to way of expression
1. Oral: verbal communications like
instructions, lectures, interviews, telephone
e.t.c.
2. Written: communication in written way like
rules, letters, posters, hand book e.t.c.

8. Barriers to organizational communication
These are barriers of organizational communication
• Using inappropriate language
• Wrong communication way/channel
• Use jargon
• Inappropriate message
• Emotional expression
• Physical disability like deafness

9. Leadership theories
1. Great man(trait) theory: it agree that leaders are born
not made
2. Behavioural theory: argues that the success of leader is
based on their behaviour rather than their natural
attributes
3. Contingency theory: states that effective leadership is
contingent up on the situation at hand.
4. Power and influence theory: power mean leaders
ability to impose their will on others and influence is
the ability to deeply affect behaviours and beliefs.
 This theory argue that leader have to use these
approach.

10. Application of leadership in nursing
• Strong leaders in nursing are vital to help navigate
the constant evolution of health care.
• Nurse leaders do more than balance resources,
monitor productivity, maintain patient and staff
satisfaction.
• They serve as role models and influence health
care organizations at all level.
• Transformational leadership is leadership theory
mostly applied in nursing which motivates
employees to take ownership for their roles and
perform beyond expectations.

11. Team work and group dynamic
• Team work: is the combined action of group
of people working together effectively to
achieve a goal.
Purpose
• Serve as bonding agent
• Motivates workers to rely on one another
• Make a progress easier
• Allows to overcome obstacles

12. Features of good team work
• Good communication among members
• Team sense of belongingness/trust
• Strong leadership
• Accept responsibility
• Recognize individual contribution
• Positive attitude
• Effective listening and feedback
• Celebrate together

13. Symptoms of Unproductive Teams
• Non accomplishment of goals
• Cautious, guarded communication
• Lack of disagreement
• Malfunctioning meetings
• Conflict within the team

14. • Group dynamic: is asocial process by which
people interact and behave in group
environment.
• The four stages/elements of group dynamics
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing

15. Forming
• Teams initially go through a "Forming" stage in
which members are positive and polite
• Is a Period in which members are often
guarded in their interactions because they’re
not sure what to expect from other team
members.
• During this stage, productivity is low.
• This stage is usually fairly short, and may only
last for a single meeting.
• There may be discussions about how the team
will work

16. Storming
• Characterized by competition and strained
relationships among team members.
• There are various degrees of conflict dealing
with issues of power, leadership and decision-
making.
• his is the most critical stage for the team
• Decisions don't come easily within the group.
• Team members vie for position as they attempt
to establish themselves in relation to other
team members and the leader.

17. Norming
• Characterized by cohesiveness among members.
• members appreciate their differences.
• Functional relationships are developed resulting in
the evolution of trust among members.
• Agreement and consensus is largely formed.
• Roles and responsibilities are clear and accepted.
• Big decisions are made by group agreement.
• Smaller decisions may be delegated to individuals
• Commitment and unity is strong.
• The team may engage in fun and social activities.

18. Performing
• Communication is open and supportive.
• Members interact with without fear of rejection.
• Leadership is participative and shared.
• Different viewpoints and information is shared
openly
• Conflict is now viewed as a catalyst that
generates creativity in the problem-solving
process.
• The team is able to work towards achieving it’s
goal

19. • They deal with relationship, style and process
issues along the way.
• Team members look after each other.
• The team requires delegated tasks and
projects from the leader
• The team has a high degree of autonomy.

20. summary
• organizational communication can be categorized in
accordance with different basis (structiure, direction
and way of expression)
• Emotionality, physical disability, using inapropraite
words and language are arriers to organizational
communication
• Basically there are four Leadership Theories(trait,
behavioural, contingency and power)
• Team Work is taken as away for better achievement
and it has its own features.
• Group Dynamics dealt with the interaction among
group members and have four stages/elements

21. Thank you