Farhad Zargari,MD, PhD
drzargari@gmail.com
Dr. Zargari
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Leadership vs. Management
To Lead or to Manage,
that is the question…
Dr. Zargari
Leadership is creating a vision for others to
follow, establishing corporate values, and
transforming the way an organization does
business.
Management is the carrying out of the leader’s
vision through:
Leadership vs. Management
POSDCORB
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Planning
Organizing
Staffing Directing Coordinating
Reporting
Budgeting
POSDCORB
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders determine the
direction, mission, values…th
e future! Leaders do the
right things!
Managers follow
direction, and do things
right.
 Leader: Badly, we are going
in the wrong direction. (worry
about effectiveness)
 Manager: Very well, our
advance is 50 meters per
hour, let’s try harder. (worry
about efficiency)
Leadership & Management on
task :
Leadership vs. Management
What & Why Leaders
How & When Managers
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Successful Governance
Managerial Skills Leadership Skills
Swing
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Both
leadership and management are
essential elements of
organizational achievements.
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• Leadership and management
complement each other.
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership
is the art of accomplishing
more than the science of
management
says is possible.
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Managers have Leaders have
Subordinates Followers
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Leadership’s primary function is to
produce CHANGE AND MOVEMENT
Management’s primary function is to
produce ORDER AND STABILITY
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Warren Bennis and
Burt Nanus:
“Managers are people who do things right,
and leaders are people who do the right thing.”
Dr. Zargari
• Plan and budget
• Organize and staff
• Status quo
• Short-term
• Controlling
• Means
• Builders
• Envision and direct
• Align employees
• Change
• Long-term
• Inspiring/motivating
• Ends
• Architects
Managers Leaders
Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Shape and share a
vision for the future
Managers Follow the vision
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Are concerned with
doing the right things
Managers
Are concerned with
doing things right
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Focus on visions, missions,
goals, and objectives
Managers
Focus solely on
productivity and efficiency
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Achieves organizational
and follower goals
Managers Achieves organizational goals
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders Are outcome oriented
Managers Are process oriented
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Are more concerned with
ends, what gets done
Managers
Are more concerned with
means, how to get things done
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
See themselves as promoters of change,
as challengers of the status quo in that
they encourage creativity and risk taking
Managers
See themselves as
preservers of the status quo
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Authority derived
from follower acceptance
Managers
Authority derived
from formal position
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders Accountable to followers
Managers Accountable to organization
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Leaders Look at the big picture
Managers Look at the job
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders Use broad concepts
Managers Use rules
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Leadership vs. Management
Leaders
Are more concerned with
expanding
peoples' choices and options
Managers
Are concerned with
control
and limiting the choices of others
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Leadership vs. Management
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
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Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
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While leaders are different from
managers, in practice, organizations need them both.
Dr. Zargari
Leadership vs. Management
Warren Bennis :
American organizations
(and probably those in much of the rest of
the industrialized world) are
underled and overmanaged.
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Kotter, 1990 :
Leadership vs. Management
Organizations should
try to develop leader-managers.
Leadership vs Management
Leadership vs Management

Leadership vs Management