This document provides information about lines of latitude, lines of longitude, hemispheres, and seasons. It defines parallels and meridians, and identifies important lines like the Tropics, Equator, and Prime Meridian. It also identifies the continents and oceans that fall within the Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western hemispheres. Seasons occur because Earth's axis is tilted at about 23 degrees, causing the sun's rays to hit Earth at a more direct angle during summer than winter.