Land is a natural resource essential for humanity and ecosystems. It provides agricultural resources and minerals. Land degradation occurs through deforestation, overgrazing, and unsustainable agricultural practices like excessive fertilizer and pesticide use. This pollutes soil and water resources and degrades land quality. Landslides can be natural or human-induced by irresponsible construction, mining, and road building. Soil erosion is the wearing away of topsoil by water and wind forces. It reduces crop productivity and pollutes waterways. Desertification is the process of fertile land turning into desert due to climate change and human activities like overgrazing, unsustainable farming, and urbanization. Prevention methods include sustainable land management policies, education, and technology

1. Environment & Media
Submitted by: Deekshitha PN
Jebin John J
LAND RESOURCES
&
ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS

2. LAND
RESOURCES

3. What is meant by land?
● Land is an essential natural resource, both for the survival
and prosperity of humanity, and for the maintenance of all
terrestrial ecosystems.
● Land is not regarded simply in terms of soils and surface
topography, but encompasses such features as underlying
superficial deposits, climate and water resources, and also
the plant and animal communities which have developed
as a result of the interaction of these physical conditions.

4. What are land resources?
● Land resources mean the resources available from the
land, thus the agricultural land which contain natural
fertilizer for growth of the products sown; the underground
water, the various minerals like coal, bauxite, gold and
other raw materials.
● Land resource refers to the land available for exploitation,
like non agricultural lands for buildings, developing
townships etc

5. ● Land is a major resource for agricultural development
worldwide.
● The components of the natural land unit can be termed
land resources, including physical, bionic,
environmental, infrastructural, social and economic
components, in as much as they are fixed to the land
unit.

6. LAND
DEGRADATION

7. What is land degradation?
● Land degradation is the major consequences of direct
interference of human activities in the natural
phenomenon.
● Loss of natural fertility of soil because of loss of nutrients.
● Pollution of water resources from the contamination of soil
through which water sweeps into ground or runoff to the
water bodies.
● Changes in climatic conditions because of unbalanced
created in the environment.

8. Causes of land degradation
● Deforestation is taking place at a faster rate due to
increasing demands of timber, fuel and forest products
which results into degradation of land resources.
● The modern agricultural practises, excessive use of
fertilizers and pesticides has adversely degraded the
natural quality and fertility of the cultivation land.
● Overgrazing results into reduced growth of vegetation,
reduced diversity of plant species, excessive growth of
unwanted plant species, soil erosion, and degradation of
land due to cattle movement.

9. Prevention for land degradation
● Strip farming is a practice in which cultivated crops are
sown in alternative strips to prevent water movement.
● Soil erosion is one of the factors responsible for lad
degradation. It can be prevented by formation of ridge and
furrow during irrigation which lessens run off.
● Construction of dams usually checks or reduces the
velocity of run off so that soil support vegetation.

10. HUMAN- INDUSED
LAND SLIDES

11. What is meant by landslide?
● A landslide happens when rocks, debris, and soil move
down a slope.
● They're also known as landslips
● Things can go downhill suddenly, or they can slide at the
snail's pace of just a couple centimeters a year.
● They can come from natural causes or from the activities
of people.
● When they are caused from human beings they are called
as human induced landslide.

12. Human induced landslides
● Indiscriminate tree felling, construction, mining and
quarrying, combined with heavy rainfall, have increased
the fragility of the Himalayan mountains, leading to an
increase in the incidence of landslides in the region.
● They are commonly a result of building roads and
structures without adequate grading of slopes, of poorly
planned alteration of drainage patterns, and of disturbing
old landslides.

13. SOIL EROSION

14. What is soil erosion
● Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all
landforms. In agriculture, soil erosion refers to the wearing
away of a field's topsoil by the natural physical forces of
water and wind or through forces associated with farming
activities such as tillage.
● Erosion, whether it is by water, wind or tillage, involves
three distinct actions – soil detachment, movement and
deposition. Topsoil, which is high in organic matter, fertility
and soil life, is relocated elsewhere "on-site" where it
builds up over time or is carried "off-site" where it fills in
drainage channels. Soil erosion reduces cropland
productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent
watercourses, wetlands and lakes.

15. Prevention
● Plant grass and shrubs.
● Add mulch or rocks.
● Use mulch matting to hold vegetation on slopes.
● Put down fiber logs
● Reduce watering if possible.
● Avoid soil compaction.

16. DESERTIFICATION

17. What is desertification?
● Desertification is defined as a process of land degradation
in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid areas due to various
factors including climatic variations and human activities.
● Desertification, in short, is when land that was originally of
another type of biome turns into a desert biome because
of changes of all sorts.
● A huge issue that many countries have is the fact that
there are large pockets of land that are going through a
process that is known as desertification.

18. Causes
● Animal grazing is a huge problem for many areas that are
starting to become desert biomes.
● When people are looking to move into an area, or they
need trees in order to make houses and do other tasks,
then they are contributing to the problems related to
desertification.
● Some farmers do not know how to use the land effectively.
They may essentially strip the land of everything that it
has before moving on to another plot of land.
● Urbanisation and other types of land development.

19. Prevention
● Policy Changes Related to How People can Farm.
● Policy Changes to Other Types of Land Use.
● Education
● Technology Advances.
● Sustainable practices to prevent desertification from
happening.

20. Thank You