This document provides a summary of general laboratory safety. It outlines that laboratory workers must follow health and safety laws to work safely and not endanger others. This includes performing risk assessments to identify hazards and implement control measures, with the most effective controls being elimination or substitution of hazardous materials. Personal protective equipment should only be used as a last resort. The document details various hazards in laboratories and safety procedures for handling chemicals, biological materials, glassware, gas cylinders, and waste. It emphasizes asking for training on any unfamiliar equipment or procedures.
The Four Principles of Safety 3
Rules to Avoid Contamination 3
Causes of laboratory accidents 4
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 4
Students’ Discipline in the Laboratory 4
Precautions to be taken by All Laboratory Users 5
Housekeeping safety rules 6
Dress code safety rules 6
Personal protection safety rules 7
Chemical Safety Precautions 8
Electrical safety rules 9
A List of Chemistry Laboratory Apparatus and Their Uses 10
Beaker 11
Pipette 11
Burette (buret) 11
Conical flask (AKA Erlenmeyer flask) 12
Florence flasks, (AKA boiling flasks) 12
Test tubes 12
Watch glasses 12
Crucibles 12
Graduated cylinders 13
Volumetric flasks 13
Droppers 13
Tongs and forceps 13
Bunsen burner 14
Pipette Filler Instructions 14
What method of measuring should you use? 15
HOW TO GET THE BEST RESULTS IN THE LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS 16
Accidents Common in Science Laboratories 17
Cuts 17
Heat Burns/Scalds 18
Chemicals on Skin 18
Chemical Spillage 19
Eye Accidents 19
Substances Catching Fire 19
Discomfort arising from Inhalation of Gases 20
Bites by Animals 20
Others 20
Laboratory First AID Tips 21
The Four Principles of Safety 3
Rules to Avoid Contamination 3
Causes of laboratory accidents 4
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 4
Students’ Discipline in the Laboratory 4
Precautions to be taken by All Laboratory Users 5
Housekeeping safety rules 6
Dress code safety rules 6
Personal protection safety rules 7
Chemical Safety Precautions 8
Electrical safety rules 9
A List of Chemistry Laboratory Apparatus and Their Uses 10
Beaker 11
Pipette 11
Burette (buret) 11
Conical flask (AKA Erlenmeyer flask) 12
Florence flasks, (AKA boiling flasks) 12
Test tubes 12
Watch glasses 12
Crucibles 12
Graduated cylinders 13
Volumetric flasks 13
Droppers 13
Tongs and forceps 13
Bunsen burner 14
Pipette Filler Instructions 14
What method of measuring should you use? 15
HOW TO GET THE BEST RESULTS IN THE LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS 16
Accidents Common in Science Laboratories 17
Cuts 17
Heat Burns/Scalds 18
Chemicals on Skin 18
Chemical Spillage 19
Eye Accidents 19
Substances Catching Fire 19
Discomfort arising from Inhalation of Gases 20
Bites by Animals 20
Others 20
Laboratory First AID Tips 21
This slide gives you details about the following:
Safety precautions.
Rules and regulations to be followed inside laboratory.
Different type of laboratory hazards.
How to deals with laboratory accident incidents.
Diagrammatic representation of dress codes & rules.
bio safety cabinets.
Dress codes for technicians dealing with radioactive materials
sterilization of whole room (Fumigation)
This slide gives you details about the following:
Safety precautions.
Rules and regulations to be followed inside laboratory.
Different type of laboratory hazards.
How to deals with laboratory accident incidents.
Diagrammatic representation of dress codes & rules.
bio safety cabinets.
Dress codes for technicians dealing with radioactive materials
sterilization of whole room (Fumigation)
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. Why does it matter?
Safe working
protects:
You
Other lab workers
Cleaners
Visitors
Your work
3. What does the law say? (1)
Health Safety at Work etc ActHealth Safety at Work etc Act
19741974
You must work safely
You must not endanger others
You must not misuse safety
equipment
Penalty – up to 2 year in
prison &/or an unlimited fine
4. What does the law say? (2)
The Management of
Health and Safety at
Work Regs 1999
Control of Substances
Hazardous to Health
Regs 2004
You must perform
RISKRISK
ASSESSMENTSASSESSMENTS
5. How to do a Risk Assessment?
Determine hazardshazards and evaluate
risksrisks
Use all relevant available dataavailable data
Determine controlscontrols needed to
minimise those risks
DocumentDocument the assessment
AgreeAgree it with your supervisor
UseUse those control measures
You will receive specific training on how to do this
in your department
6. Control Measures (in order of preference)
1. Use a less risky
substance
2. Use a safer form of
that substance (eg
solution instead of
powder)
7. Control Measures (in order of preference)
3. Totally enclose the
process (eg a glove-
box)
4. Partially enclose the
process (eg with a
fume cupboard)
5. Ensure good general
ventilation
8. Control Measures (in order of preference)
6. Safe systems of work
7. Reduce exposure
times, increase
distance, reduce
volumes
8. Personal protective
equipment (as a last
resort for primary protection)
9. Protecting yourself
Wear the clothing and
protective wear identified
in your risk assessment
Laboratory coats must be
kept fastened
Don’t wear sandals or
open shoes
Long hair must be tied
back
10. Protecting yourself - gloves
There are many different types
of protective glove
Use the correct ones for the
job you will be doing
Remember that you need to
select chemical protection
gloves according to the
materials and/or substances
with which you will be working
Remove your gloves before
using instruments, telephone,
and leaving the laboratory
11. Laboratory hygiene
Never eat, drink or smoke
in a laboratory
Never apply cosmetics
Never touch your face,
mouth or eyes
Never suck pens or chew
pencils
Always wash your hands
before you leave and
especially before eating
12. What are the general hazards in a
laboratory?
Fire
Breakage of glassware
Sharps
Spillages
Pressure equipment & gas
cylinders
Extremes of heat & cold
Chemical hazards
Biological hazards
Radiation
And many more!And many more!
13. Avoiding Fires
Flammable substances
Use minimum quantity
Store in special storage
cabinet
Use temperature-
controlled heating
sources
(eg water-bath rather than
hot-plate or Bunsen
burner)
14. Minimise fire damage
Make sure corridor
fire doors and
laboratory doors are
kept shut at all times
15. Fire Safety
Make sure that you know
what to do:
If you have a fire
If you hear a fire alarm
If you are a member of
staff you must attend fire
training annually. Post
graduates should also
seriously consider doing
so.
16. Glassware
Use correct techniques for the
insertion of tubing onto glassware
Never use glassware under
pressure or vacuum unless it is
designed for the job and suitably
shielded
Dispose of chipped or broken
glassware – it is a risk to you and
others
Always dispose of broken glass in
a glass bin or sharps bin and not in
a general waste bin
17. Spillages
Clear up spillage promptly
You will already have
determined how to do this
as part of your risk
assessment
Dispose of any hazardous
material as toxic waste
Messy workers are usuallyMessy workers are usually
poor workers!!poor workers!!
18. Gas cylinders
Never use without formal training
Minimise the number in a laboratory
Store externally whenever possible
Cylinders are heavy and can do serious
damage to you if they fall
Ensure that they are chained when in use
Move only with a cylinder trolley
Use regulators & control equipment
suitable for the gas concerned
Consider the consequences if your
cylinder leaks
19. Cryogenics
Liquid gasses are extremely
cold and can cause burns
Liquid gases evaporate and
many can cause asphyxiation
If you need to take cryogens
in a lift, there are special
procedures to follow – speak
to your supervisor or a senior
member of technical staff
You must have special
training to use them
20. Electrical Equipment
Always do a visual check
on electrical equipment
before use, looking for
obvious wear or defects
All portable electrical
equipment must have a
current “PAT test” sticker
NEVERNEVER use defective
equipment
21. General Tidiness
Keep your workplace tidy
Clear up waste, deal with
washing up and put
things away as you finish
with them
Make sure everything is
safe before you leave
things unattended
A tidy laboratory avoids
accidents to everyone
X
22. Laboratory Equipment
Never use any
laboratory equipment
unless you are trained
& have been
authorised to do so
As well as injuring
yourself you may
cause very costly
damage
23. First Aid
All laboratory workers
should undergo simple first
aid training
For ALLALL chemical splashes,
wash with plenty of water for
10 minutes
Control bleeding with direct
pressure, avoiding any foreign
bodies such as glass
Report all accidents to your
supervisor or departmental
safety officer
24. Protecting your health
If you have an allergy
to lab materials or
suffer from a medical
condition which may
affect you in the
laboratory (eg
diabetes or epilepsy),
ensure that your
supervisor knows
25. Waste Materials
Part of your risk assessment
will be to determine how to
dispose of waste lab materials
safely
Solvents and oils must be
segregated into the correct
waste bottle or drum
Your department will help you
determine what to do with
chemical or biological materials
Do not put materials down the
drain or in with normal waste
unless authorised to do so
26. Working outside normal hours and
at weekends
You will need to attend
training courses and have
permission from your
Head of Department
before working outside
normal hours
Most experimental work
is not permitted
Your supervisor will
explain the requirements
in more detail
27. When in doubt – ASK!!!
Do not carry out a
new or unfamiliar
procedure until you
have been fully
trained & understand
the precautions
necessary for safe
working
DO NOT GUESS!!!!DO NOT GUESS!!!!