micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. Firstly,
we will take a quick
tour in the lab
Chemical Laboratory Safety
what do you think
the main
constituents must
be in the lab to be
safe?
3. It is the application of the best practices for dealing with chemicals
and minimizing the hazard to personal health and the surrounding
environment.
Chemical laboratory safety
5. How to be safe in lab
Laboratory
design
Personal protective
equipment
Laboratory
hazards
Emergency
procedures
Behavior
in the lab
6. Must sure the facilities meet the needs of the functions of the laboratory are
there.
Doors
Laboratory
benches
Ventilation
system
Lighting
Floor drains
Safety
Equipment
Spill control
materials
Laboratory
Laboratory design
7. Doors
Laboratory design
Presence entry and
exit to laboratory
Laboratory
benches
Must have a sink
Water supply
Shape of benches (u shape)
Ventilation
system
Windows
Fans
Fume hoods
Biological
safety cabinet
8. Lighting
Laboratory design
On the level of lab and on the
level of bench
Floor drains
Near the units
Floor is sloped to the drain
(avoid slip hazards)
9. Spill control
materials
Spill kits
Sand
Laboratory design
Safety
Equipment
Eyewash units
Fire blanket
Fire extinguishers
10. How to be safe in lab
Laboratory
design
Personal protective
equipment
Laboratory
hazards
Emergency
procedures
Behavior
in the lab
11. Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
The parts of the body most frequently subject to injury in the
clinical laboratory are the eyes, skin, and respiratory and
digestive tracts. Hence, the use of personal protective
equipment is very important.
25. How to be safe in lab
Laboratory
design
Personal protective
equipment
Laboratory
hazards
Emergency
procedures
Behavior
in the lab
26. Laboratory hazards
What do you think the most dangerous thing in
any laboratory is?
If you don’t know how to use chemicals or don’t
know what they are for
31. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Flammable – Any substance that will burn if
exposed to an open flame.
Alpha naphthol
Ethanol
Acetaldehyde
Acetone
Examples:
32. Explosive: A substance that may explode if exposed
to heat or flame.
Nitrates
Picric acid
Examples:
Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
33. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Toxic/Poison: A substance that can lead to death if
inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by the skin.
Calcium cyanide
Lead arsenate
Hydrogen peroxide
Examples:
34. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Corrosive: A substance that can destroy or burn
living tissue and can eat away at other materials.
Alkali as Sodium hydroxide
Acids as Sulfuric acid , Hydrochloric acid, nitric acid
Hydrogen peroxide (concentrated)
Ammonia
Calcium oxide
Examples:
35. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Irritant: A substance that causes inflammation upon
contact with skin or mucous membranes.
Ammonium sulphate
Copper acetate
Examples:
36. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Carcinogenic: are materials that can cause cancer
in humans or animals.
Asbestos
Benzene
Aflatoxins
Carbon tetrachloride
Examples:
37. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Biohazard: biological substances that pose a threat
to the health of living organisms, primarily that of
humans.
Human blood and blood products
Human body fluids
Microbiological wastes
Any containers contaminated with them
Examples:
38. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Environmental Hazard: A substance, state or event
which has the potential to threaten the surrounding
natural environment and / or adversely affect people's
health.
All chemicals
39. Chemical hazard symbols and definitions
Radioactive: A substance that produces dangerous
kinds of radiation
Radioactive isotopes of any chemical
Examples:
40. All chemical containers should be clearly labelled.
Appropriate signs to identify hazards are critical.
Labels and Signage
Areas where flammables, hazardous or toxic chemicals, and
carcinogens are stored or being used must be clearly marked.
Areas where blood and body fluids are being stored or
analyzed should be clearly marked with a biohazard mark.
46. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
The MSDS is a major source of safety information for
students who may use hazardous materials in laboratory
experiments.
MSDS is obtained from the chemical manufacturer or
developing an MSDS for each hazardous agent used in the
workplace.
47. Material Safety Data Sheet (16 Sections)
A standardized format contains the following:
Product name and identification
Hazardous ingredients
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
Physical and chemical data
Health hazard data and carcinogenic potential
Primary routes of entry
Fire and exposure hazards
Reactivity data
Spill and disposal procedures
Personal protective equipment recommendations
Handling and Storage
48. Material Safety Data Sheet
Emergency and first aid procedures
Transportation precautions
Chemical manufacturer’s name, address, and phone number
Special information section
49. Chemical Safety Rules
Read all labels twice before removing a chemical from the
container.
Only use the type and amount of chemical instructed to use.
Never touch, taste, or smell a chemical unless instructed by the
procedure.
Never mix chemicals unless instructed to do.
50. Transfer chemicals carefully!
When diluting an acid, pour the acid into water.
Consider all chemicals dangerous.
Chemical Safety Rules
52. Chemical wastes disposal
Other treatments that you can carry out as metal precipitations
and safe reductions of strong oxidizers.
Treat Chemicals before disposal in sewer system
Acids and bases should be neutralized .
56. Sharp Objects Hazard
Never try to catch broken instruments.
Grasp sharp instruments only by the handles.
Disposal from broken glass in its specific basket.
63. Heating hazard
Never heat in a closed container.
Heated glass must use tongs or gloves before handling.
64. Do not place hot glassware directly in cold water.
Never look into a container as you are heating it.
Heating Hazard
65. How to be safe in lab
Laboratory
design
Personal protective
equipment
Laboratory
hazards
Emergency
procedures
Behavior
in the lab
66. Know how to deal with concentrated acid and base spill:
Skin Eye
If a chemical spills on
your skin, rinse with
water for 15 minutes.
Apply local anti-inflammatory
drug at the site of injury.
In case of chemical
goes into your eyes ,
use eye wash station.
First aid
67. Know how to deal with concentrated acid and base spill:
Floor Bench
Using Laboratory Spills Kit
(contain sorbent materials)
Using dry sand
1. Dilute first with water
2.Neutralize with:
Boric acid: for bases
Sodium bicarbonate: for acids
3. Use absorbent material
4.Dispose from absorbent
material
5. Clean with soap and water
69. 1.If someone faints , position the person on his or her back.
2.If the person is breathing, restore blood flow to the brain by
raising the person's legs above heart level about 12 inches (30
centimeters).
3. If possible, loosen belts, collars or other constrictive clothing
(To reduce the chance of fainting again).
4.If the person regain his consciousness ,don't get the person up
too quickly.
Fainting : first aid
70. 5.If the person doesn't regain consciousness within one minute,
call your local emergency number.
Fainting : first aid